{"id":"https://openalex.org/W62955228","doi":null,"title":"Comparative assessment of proliferation and DNA content in breast carcinoma by image analysis and flow cytometry.","display_name":"Comparative assessment of proliferation and DNA content in breast carcinoma by image analysis and flow cytometry.","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W62955228","mag":"62955228","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1972000","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1877434"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:1972000","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1972000","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The American journal of pathology","raw_type":"Comparative Study"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1877434/","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110572328","display_name":"A. Dawson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A E Dawson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"J A Norton","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J A Norton","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010901540","display_name":"David S. Weinberg","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D S Weinberg","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.5068,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":166,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99049154,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"136","issue":"5","first_page":"1115","last_page":"24"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10183","display_name":"Breast Cancer Treatment Studies","score":0.7265999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10183","display_name":"Breast Cancer Treatment Studies","score":0.7265999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11134","display_name":"Breast Lesions and Carcinomas","score":0.17440000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.0575999990105629,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-cancer","display_name":"breast cancer","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-cell-proliferation","display_name":"tumor cell proliferation","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dna-content","display_name":"DNA content","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dna-index","display_name":"DNA index","score":0.6919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aneuploidy","display_name":"aneuploidy","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ki-67","display_name":"Ki-67","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pcna","display_name":"PCNA","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyclins","display_name":"cyclins","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/s-phase-fraction","display_name":"S-phase fraction","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benign-breast-disease","display_name":"benign breast disease","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-grade","display_name":"nuclear grade","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-analysis","display_name":"image analysis","score":0.5450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow-cytometry-comparison","display_name":"flow cytometry comparison","score":0.8420000076293945}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C553184892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141429","display_name":"Flow cytometry","level":2,"score":0.7422458529472351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74864618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2332446","display_name":"Staining","level":2,"score":0.7417969703674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34688535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418732","display_name":"Proliferating cell nuclear antigen","level":3,"score":0.5934309363365173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.5521348118782043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018521938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128581","display_name":"Breast carcinoma","level":4,"score":0.5399437546730042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5371440649032593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776085573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7249605","display_name":"Proliferative index","level":3,"score":0.4907711446285248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777751288","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q409106","display_name":"Ki-67","level":3,"score":0.4865111708641052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153911025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202","display_name":"Molecular biology","level":1,"score":0.4853612184524536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777546739","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33525","display_name":"Carcinoma","level":2,"score":0.4772600829601288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910938049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7249605","display_name":"Proliferation index","level":3,"score":0.47593358159065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530470458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128581","display_name":"Breast cancer","level":3,"score":0.4720997214317322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29537977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188941","display_name":"Cell cycle","level":3,"score":0.4485248625278473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204232928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899285","display_name":"Immunohistochemistry","level":2,"score":0.3716850280761719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.31901904940605164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.21137595176696777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.06724312901496887}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000906","descriptor_name":"Antibodies","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000954","descriptor_name":"Antigens, Surface","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002277","descriptor_name":"Carcinoma","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002277","descriptor_name":"Carcinoma","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002277","descriptor_name":"Carcinoma","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002455","descriptor_name":"Cell Division","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002467","descriptor_name":"Cell Nucleus","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004273","descriptor_name":"DNA, Neoplasm","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005434","descriptor_name":"Flow Cytometry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007399","descriptor_name":"Interphase","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009687","descriptor_name":"Nuclear Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018809","descriptor_name":"Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019394","descriptor_name":"Ki-67 Antigen","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:1972000","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1972000","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The American journal of pathology","raw_type":"Comparative Study"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1877434","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1877434/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Am J Pathol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"mag:62955228","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1972000","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1877434","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1877434/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Am J Pathol","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9391000270843506}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W85625828","https://openalex.org/W181242179","https://openalex.org/W267005183","https://openalex.org/W332844036","https://openalex.org/W1592731787","https://openalex.org/W1828496586","https://openalex.org/W1838442484","https://openalex.org/W1920279839","https://openalex.org/W1967096764","https://openalex.org/W1983178647","https://openalex.org/W1984642320","https://openalex.org/W1987380737","https://openalex.org/W1988679772","https://openalex.org/W1998080624","https://openalex.org/W2001046665","https://openalex.org/W2005194686","https://openalex.org/W2014837867","https://openalex.org/W2015825004","https://openalex.org/W2030569690","https://openalex.org/W2031504305","https://openalex.org/W2048632014","https://openalex.org/W2048950936","https://openalex.org/W2058033719","https://openalex.org/W2066679122","https://openalex.org/W2068720272","https://openalex.org/W2068738733","https://openalex.org/W2075438418","https://openalex.org/W2079655977","https://openalex.org/W2081327423","https://openalex.org/W2082978636","https://openalex.org/W2090124692","https://openalex.org/W2091089256","https://openalex.org/W2126486896","https://openalex.org/W2328982008","https://openalex.org/W2329634532","https://openalex.org/W2404199107","https://openalex.org/W2404329934","https://openalex.org/W2412400914"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W110195388","https://openalex.org/W2395755889","https://openalex.org/W2009392301","https://openalex.org/W2051267694","https://openalex.org/W1978674332","https://openalex.org/W2414533818","https://openalex.org/W1538804386","https://openalex.org/W2042987274","https://openalex.org/W2410840481","https://openalex.org/W2400822260"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Although":[0],"tumor":[1,260],"DNA":[2,34,52,86,245],"content":[3,35,53],"and":[4,36,43,50,65,76,92,109,170,182,198,213,223,225,239,263],"proliferation":[5,37,262],"are":[6],"usually":[7],"determined":[8],"by":[9,48,63,74,78,90,104,116,162],"flow":[10,117],"cytometry":[11],"(FCM),":[12],"quantitative":[13],"microscopic":[14],"image":[15],"analysis":[16,252],"is":[17],"a":[18,254],"viable":[19],"alternative":[20,256],"technique":[21],"that":[22,237],"also":[23],"provides":[24,253],"important":[25],"histologic":[26],"correlations.":[27],"To":[28],"compare":[29],"these":[30],"methods,":[31],"we":[32],"measured":[33,62,89,161],"in":[38,57,126,130,192],"54":[39,60],"consecutive":[40],"breast":[41,46,127],"cancers":[42,61],"15":[44],"benign":[45,131,175],"lesions":[47],"FCM":[49,64,91,163,238],"IA.":[51,66],"determination":[54],"was":[55,81,102,124,145,164,201],"concordant":[56],"49":[58],"of":[59,68,107,244],"Four":[67],"the":[69,85],"discordant":[70],"cases":[71],"were":[72,189,208],"aneuploid":[73,193],"IA":[75,93,105,240],"diploid":[77,196],"FCM.":[79,269],"There":[80,207],"good":[82],"correlation":[83],"between":[84,211],"index":[87],"(DI)":[88],"(r":[94,216,228],"=":[95,217,229],"0.89,":[96],"P":[97,219,231],"less":[98,141,156,178,220,232],"than":[99,129,142,157,179,221,233],"0.0001).":[100,234],"Proliferation":[101],"assessed":[103],"quantitation":[106],"Ki-67":[108,122,181,214],"PCNA/Cyclin":[110,146],"antibody":[111],"staining,":[112,184],"as":[113,115,144,185,187],"well":[114,186],"cytometric":[118],"S-phase":[119,159],"fraction":[120,160],"(SPF).":[121],"positivity":[123,147],"greater":[125],"cancer":[128],"controls":[132,176],"(21.6%":[133],"+/-":[134,138,149,153,166,172],"13.1%":[135],"vs.":[136,151],"7.9%":[137,165],"5.6%":[139],"[P":[140,155],"0.0001]),":[143],"(10.2":[148],"6.7%":[150],"2.7":[152],"2.5%":[154],"0.0001]).":[158],"5.7%":[167],"for":[168,174,258],"carcinomas":[169],"3.17%":[171],"2.1%":[173],"(P":[177],"0.003).":[180],"Cyclin":[183,226],"SPF,":[188],"significantly":[190],"increased":[191,199],"compared":[194],"to":[195],"tumors,":[197],"staining":[200,215,227],"associated":[202],"with":[203],"worsening":[204],"nuclear":[205],"grade.":[206],"significant":[209],"correlations":[210],"SPF":[212,224],"0.48,":[218,230],"0.0001)":[222],"We":[235],"conclude":[236],"provide":[241],"comparable":[242],"measurements":[243],"content,":[246],"although":[247],"occasional":[248],"discrepancies":[249],"occur.":[250],"Image":[251],"valuable":[255],"method":[257],"assessing":[259],"cell":[261],"may":[264],"offer":[265],"certain":[266],"advantages":[267],"over":[268]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}