{"id":"https://openalex.org/W62937103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.12759/hsr.36.2011.2.35-64","title":"Individualisation and Fertility","display_name":"Individualisation and Fertility","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W62937103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.12759/hsr.36.2011.2.35-64","mag":"62937103"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:gesis.izsoz.de:document/34219","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.ssoar.info/ssoar/handle/document/34219","pdf_url":"http://www.ssoar.info/ssoar/handle/document/34219","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401996","display_name":"Social Science Open Access Repository (GESIS \u2013 Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210101898","host_organization_name":"GESIS - Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101898"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Historical Social Research","raw_type":"Zeitschriftenartikel"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://www.ssoar.info/ssoar/handle/document/34219","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ehrhardt, Jens","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I874792244","display_name":"European University Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0031wrj91","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I874792244"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ehrhardt, Jens","raw_affiliation_strings":["European University Institute ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"European University Institute ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I874792244"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109140470","display_name":"Martin Kohli","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I874792244","display_name":"European University Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0031wrj91","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I874792244"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kohli, Martin","raw_affiliation_strings":["European University Institute ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"European University Institute ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I874792244"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I874792244"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4068,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89850931,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10585","display_name":"Family Dynamics and Relationships","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10585","display_name":"Family Dynamics and Relationships","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11544","display_name":"Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14080","display_name":"Philosophy, Sociology, Political Theory","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/individualization-theory","display_name":"individualization theory","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fertility-change","display_name":"fertility change","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-dignity","display_name":"human dignity","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-realization","display_name":"self-realization","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/status-of-children","display_name":"child status","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-s-status","display_name":"women's status","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/divorce-rates","display_name":"divorce rates","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-contract","display_name":"gender contract","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spousal-support","display_name":"spousal support","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sweden","display_name":"Sweden","score":0.3720000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/france","display_name":"France","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/german-speaking-countries","display_name":"German-speaking countries","score":0.9430000185966492}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518429986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q964401","display_name":"Fertility","level":3,"score":0.7755513191223145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143845886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q381763","display_name":"Demographic transition","level":4,"score":0.6062489748001099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65414064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484105","display_name":"Autonomy","level":2,"score":0.5870990753173828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5450941920280457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.5296209454536438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778873432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38126150","display_name":"Housewife","level":2,"score":0.49162179231643677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778745096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274782","display_name":"Dignity","level":2,"score":0.4849565029144287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.379435658454895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118084267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26110","display_name":"Positive economics","level":1,"score":0.3715727925300598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.297750860452652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2771283984184265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.26683688163757324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.25368568301200867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.20838463306427002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.18338832259178162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.12502270936965942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:gesis.izsoz.de:document/34219","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.ssoar.info/ssoar/handle/document/34219","pdf_url":"http://www.ssoar.info/ssoar/handle/document/34219","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401996","display_name":"Social Science Open Access Repository (GESIS \u2013 Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210101898","host_organization_name":"GESIS - Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101898"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Historical Social Research","raw_type":"Zeitschriftenartikel"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cadmus.eui.eu:1814/20878","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1814/20878","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196332","display_name":"Cadmus - EUI Research Repository (European University Institute)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I874792244","host_organization_name":"European University Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I874792244"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"doi:10.12759/hsr.36.2011.2.35-64","doi":"https://doi.org/10.12759/hsr.36.2011.2.35-64","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.12759/hsr.36.2011.2.35-64","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192729060","display_name":"Historical social research","issn_l":"0172-6404","issn":["0172-6404","0173-2145"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4361100619","host_organization_name":"GESIS \u2013 Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4361100619"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["GESIS \u2013 Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:gesis.izsoz.de:document/34219","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.ssoar.info/ssoar/handle/document/34219","pdf_url":"http://www.ssoar.info/ssoar/handle/document/34219","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401996","display_name":"Social Science Open Access Repository (GESIS \u2013 Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210101898","host_organization_name":"GESIS - Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101898"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Historical Social Research","raw_type":"Zeitschriftenartikel"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W62937103.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W62937103.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":102,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W9880170","https://openalex.org/W22306813","https://openalex.org/W22499331","https://openalex.org/W32344994","https://openalex.org/W51197940","https://openalex.org/W82946882","https://openalex.org/W104072671","https://openalex.org/W140651100","https://openalex.org/W198134175","https://openalex.org/W329570916","https://openalex.org/W428857472","https://openalex.org/W468829885","https://openalex.org/W561841349","https://openalex.org/W565981963","https://openalex.org/W569766999","https://openalex.org/W593056587","https://openalex.org/W601175039","https://openalex.org/W612852653","https://openalex.org/W616861427","https://openalex.org/W628361872","https://openalex.org/W629408232","https://openalex.org/W1482895733","https://openalex.org/W1493064345","https://openalex.org/W1511405543","https://openalex.org/W1552309972","https://openalex.org/W1556057683","https://openalex.org/W1563973261","https://openalex.org/W1565865392","https://openalex.org/W1576579870","https://openalex.org/W1592120749","https://openalex.org/W1681676409","https://openalex.org/W1762305141","https://openalex.org/W1792720193","https://openalex.org/W1809358703","https://openalex.org/W1918877908","https://openalex.org/W1963614699","https://openalex.org/W1968897019","https://openalex.org/W1970525611","https://openalex.org/W1973565788","https://openalex.org/W1982199200","https://openalex.org/W2001293761","https://openalex.org/W2004365826","https://openalex.org/W2004409126","https://openalex.org/W2018327691","https://openalex.org/W2019678409","https://openalex.org/W2022497977","https://openalex.org/W2025322481","https://openalex.org/W2031236773","https://openalex.org/W2041558868","https://openalex.org/W2042644148","https://openalex.org/W2045003544","https://openalex.org/W2058796047","https://openalex.org/W2061303011","https://openalex.org/W2070415764","https://openalex.org/W2070703243","https://openalex.org/W2075328220","https://openalex.org/W2077758300","https://openalex.org/W2078233030","https://openalex.org/W2079789359","https://openalex.org/W2080418779","https://openalex.org/W2086677799","https://openalex.org/W2087158925","https://openalex.org/W2092292776","https://openalex.org/W2093698295","https://openalex.org/W2094844719","https://openalex.org/W2095641757","https://openalex.org/W2116624764","https://openalex.org/W2135884557","https://openalex.org/W2140642465","https://openalex.org/W2141582218","https://openalex.org/W2145255052","https://openalex.org/W2153242999","https://openalex.org/W2154661446","https://openalex.org/W2156290409","https://openalex.org/W2166683595","https://openalex.org/W2168862403","https://openalex.org/W2172880720","https://openalex.org/W2231435085","https://openalex.org/W2312524192","https://openalex.org/W2314950917","https://openalex.org/W2316299365","https://openalex.org/W2317617107","https://openalex.org/W2319503303","https://openalex.org/W2328540945","https://openalex.org/W2341321851","https://openalex.org/W2487225220","https://openalex.org/W2505351243","https://openalex.org/W2512206024","https://openalex.org/W2515059167","https://openalex.org/W2529211742","https://openalex.org/W2561690724","https://openalex.org/W2583724933","https://openalex.org/W2603891150","https://openalex.org/W2788802912","https://openalex.org/W2797707720","https://openalex.org/W2890501565","https://openalex.org/W2907510531","https://openalex.org/W3016501299","https://openalex.org/W3106044411","https://openalex.org/W3122449994","https://openalex.org/W3158666512","https://openalex.org/W3184915045"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1044350","https://openalex.org/W2758208292","https://openalex.org/W2096404655","https://openalex.org/W2316299365","https://openalex.org/W2136938440","https://openalex.org/W2114680818","https://openalex.org/W1959931547","https://openalex.org/W4390812286","https://openalex.org/W113917532","https://openalex.org/W2130435032"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,64],"this":[1,96],"paper,":[2],"the":[3,26,29,39,44,56,73,78,83,101,117,126,129,133,141,150,157,164,172,175,180,188,198,203,210,215,221,236,245,248,253,268,275,282],"authors":[4,74],"discuss":[5,116],"individualization":[6,71,124],"theory":[7],"as":[8,202,260],"a":[9,207,261],"parsimonious":[10],"framework":[11],"concept":[12,79,97],"to":[13,66,169,205,227,277],"describe":[14],"and":[15,50,60,132,161,187,219,225,231,244],"explain":[16],"core":[17],"points":[18],"of":[19,28,36,43,62,80,85,119,123,128,153,159,166,183,214,223,263,271],"fertility":[20,105,138,239,251],"change":[21,196],"in":[22,41,46,58,82,104,111,125,174,185,229,241,252],"Western":[23],"societies":[24],"since":[25],"end":[27],"19th":[30],"century.":[31],"They":[32,115],"emphasize":[33],"two":[34,121],"dimensions":[35,122],"individualization:":[37],"firstly,":[38],"increase":[40,57],"status":[42,152,182],"individual":[45,91],"cultural,":[47],"social,":[48],"economic":[49],"legal":[51],"respects":[52],"(human":[53],"dignity);":[54],"secondly,":[55],"autonomy":[59],"freedom":[61],"choice.":[63],"contrast":[65,234],"other":[67],"approaches":[68],"based":[69],"on":[70],"theory,":[72],"do":[75],"not":[76,93],"use":[77],"self-realization":[81],"sense":[84],"an":[86],"increased":[87,156],"orientation":[88],"towards":[89],"purely":[90],"interests,":[92],"least":[94],"because":[95],"has":[98,107,273,285],"failed":[99],"before":[100],"renewed":[102],"rise":[103],"that":[106],"recently":[108,237],"been":[109],"observed":[110],"some":[112],"advanced":[113],"societies.":[114],"relevance":[118],"these":[120],"context":[127],"first":[130,142,269],"transition":[131,144,173],"1960s":[134,176],"with":[135,247],"its":[136],"declining":[137],"rates.":[139],"Whereas":[140,267],"demographic":[143],"can":[145,256],"be":[146,258],"mainly":[147,178],"explained":[148],"by":[149],"rising":[151,181],"children,":[154,171],"which":[155],"costs":[158],"parenting":[160],"thus":[162],"changed":[163],"interests":[165],"(potential)":[167],"parents":[168],"have":[170],"resulted":[177],"from":[179],"women":[184,224],"education":[186],"labor":[189],"market.":[190],"An":[191],"important":[192],"but":[193],"hitherto":[194],"neglected":[195],"was":[197],"increasing":[199],"divorce":[200,265],"rates,":[201],"possibility":[204],"dissolve":[206],"marriage":[208,230],"devalued":[209],"traditional":[211],"gender":[212],"contract":[213],"breadwinner/":[216],"housewife":[217],"model":[218],"decreased":[220],"willingness":[222],"men":[226],"invest":[228],"children.":[232],"The":[233],"between":[235],"growing":[238],"rates":[240],"Sweden,":[242],"France":[243],"US":[246],"continuously":[249],"low":[250],"German-speaking":[254],"countries":[255,272],"partly":[257],"seen":[259],"result":[262],"different":[264],"regimes.":[266],"group":[270,284],"limited":[274],"entitlement":[276],"spousal":[278],"support":[279],"through":[280],"alimonies,":[281],"second":[283],"institutionalized":[286],"extensive":[287],"entitlements":[288],"for":[289],"mothers.":[290]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}