{"id":"https://openalex.org/W628246074","doi":null,"title":"The History of the Royal Botanic Gardens Kew","display_name":"The History of the Royal Botanic Gardens Kew","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W628246074","mag":"628246074"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:628246074","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BB11128947","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"book","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004732043","display_name":"Ray Desmond","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ray Desmond","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078870331","display_name":"Stephen Donald Hopper","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0364-2856","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0364-2856"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen D. Hopper","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0364-2856","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016349946","display_name":"Kew Royal Botanic Gardens","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kew Royal Botanic Gardens","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.25915996,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12471","display_name":"History of Science and Natural History","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12471","display_name":"History of Science and Natural History","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14517","display_name":"Diverse Historical and Scientific Studies","score":0.007499999832361937,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14475","display_name":"History of Science and Medicine","score":0.002300000051036477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/royal-botanic-gardens-kew","display_name":"Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-botanical-gardens","display_name":"history of botanical gardens","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-collecting","display_name":"plant collecting","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-taxonomy","display_name":"plant taxonomy","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-identification","display_name":"plant identification","score":0.6510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kew-palace","display_name":"Kew Palace","score":0.6549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/palm-house","display_name":"Palm House","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-bank","display_name":"seed bank","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-heritage-site","display_name":"UNESCO World Heritage","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/botanical-library","display_name":"botanical library","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture-and-design","display_name":"architecture and design","score":0.43799999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gardeners","display_name":"gardeners","score":0.8040000200271606}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78945076","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181916","display_name":"Herbarium","level":2,"score":0.7948976159095764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.4749886095523834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52119013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50637","display_name":"Art history","level":1,"score":0.448927104473114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.4474753737449646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993601171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9259","display_name":"World heritage","level":3,"score":0.4310157895088196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.41377323865890503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.3993709683418274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.39519572257995605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195244886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493","display_name":"Ancient history","level":1,"score":0.3763735294342041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.33093810081481934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.32795029878616333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.10950183868408203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.08939981460571289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18918823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49389","display_name":"Tourism","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:628246074","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BB11128947","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2087451122","https://openalex.org/W2100421676","https://openalex.org/W659344109","https://openalex.org/W423873044","https://openalex.org/W621689827","https://openalex.org/W1481689799","https://openalex.org/W4252337394","https://openalex.org/W2082554600","https://openalex.org/W2089714822","https://openalex.org/W3150969295"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"second":[1],"edition":[2],"of":[3,6,16,33,73,97,101,137],"The":[4],"History":[5],"the":[7,13,17,50,54,60,70,79,95,102,119,138,162],"Royal":[8],"Botanic":[9],"Gardens":[10],"Kew":[11,87],"is":[12,113,133,169],"authorised":[14],"history":[15,35,136],"world's":[18,51],"greatest":[19],"botanic":[20],"gardens.":[21],"Comprehensively":[22],"revised,":[23],"this":[24],"stunning,":[25],"richly":[26],"illustrated":[27,114],"reference":[28],"takes":[29],"in":[30,45,129],"every":[31],"aspect":[32],"Kew's":[34,76],"over":[36],"two":[37],"centuries":[38],"-":[39,78,112],"from":[40,86,148],"its":[41,81,123,149],"origin,":[42],"pivotal":[43],"roles":[44],"collecting,":[46],"classifying":[47],"and":[48,53,84,89,107,115,142],"identifying":[49],"plants":[52],"commercial":[55],"crops":[56],"it":[57,132,168],"gave":[58],"to":[59,63,94,122,161],"British":[61],"Empire,":[62],"being":[64],"a":[65,134,153],"world":[66],"renowned":[67],"institution":[68],"at":[69],"cutting":[71],"edge":[72],"plant":[74,166],"science.":[75],"heritage":[77],"Herbarium,":[80],"library,":[82],"art":[83,103],"architecture,":[85],"Palace":[88],"Burton's":[90],"great":[91],"Palm":[92],"House":[93,111],"Princess":[96],"Wales":[98],"Conservatory,":[99],"state":[100],"laboratories,":[104],"seed":[105],"bank":[106],"new":[108],"Davies":[109],"Alpine":[110],"described,":[116],"together":[117],"with":[118],"events":[120],"leading":[121],"UNESCO":[124],"World":[125],"Heritage":[126],"Site":[127],"status":[128],"2003.":[130],"Lastly,":[131],"social":[135],"scientists,":[139],"architects,":[140],"designers":[141],"gardeners":[143],"who":[144],"have":[145],"made":[146],"Kew,":[147],"humble":[150],"beginnings":[151],"as":[152],"small":[154],"physic":[155],"garden":[156],"nearly":[157],"250":[158],"years":[159],"ago,":[160],"international":[163],"centre":[164],"for":[165],"science":[167],"today.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-25T09:29:13.331239","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
