{"id":"https://openalex.org/W627587280","doi":null,"title":"Are Instincts Hardened Routines? A Radical Proposal","display_name":"Are Instincts Hardened Routines? A Radical Proposal","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W627587280","mag":"627587280"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:mos:moswps:2012-25","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.buseco.monash.edu.au/eco/research/papers/2012/2515areinstinctskhalil.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www.buseco.monash.edu.au/eco/research/papers/2012/2515areinstinctskhalil.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000674091","display_name":"Elias L. Khalil","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0510-447X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0510-447X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Elias L. Khalil","raw_affiliation_strings":["Monash university"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Monash university","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000674091"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10785","display_name":"Economic Theory and Institutions","score":0.9437999725341797,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10785","display_name":"Economic Theory and Institutions","score":0.9437999725341797,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10315","display_name":"Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics","score":0.02969999983906746,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1800","display_name":"General Decision Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11118","display_name":"Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior","score":0.004900000058114529,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routines","display_name":"routines","score":0.5910000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/instinct","display_name":"instinct","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rational-choice","display_name":"rational choice","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-selection","display_name":"natural selection","score":0.5189999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontogeny","display_name":"ontogeny","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lamarckism","display_name":"Lamarckism","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-making","display_name":"decision-making","score":0.4860000014305115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3232509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18237","display_name":"Instinct","level":2,"score":0.9865541458129883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521332185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185816","display_name":"Analogy","level":2,"score":0.7087258696556091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5263510942459106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5208324193954468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.4218604564666748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.4054567813873291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3836805522441864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2865280210971832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.2019699513912201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.13948816061019897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.13179776072502136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.09504646062850952}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:mos:moswps:2012-25","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.buseco.monash.edu.au/eco/research/papers/2012/2515areinstinctskhalil.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www.buseco.monash.edu.au/eco/research/papers/2012/2515areinstinctskhalil.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"mag:627587280","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:mos:moswps:2012-25","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":88,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W48211979","https://openalex.org/W123366752","https://openalex.org/W625372921","https://openalex.org/W1246888738","https://openalex.org/W1489822490","https://openalex.org/W1495886451","https://openalex.org/W1541760184","https://openalex.org/W1543040011","https://openalex.org/W1543555219","https://openalex.org/W1550375751","https://openalex.org/W1558445796","https://openalex.org/W1571255846","https://openalex.org/W1573772862","https://openalex.org/W1597147275","https://openalex.org/W1604521274","https://openalex.org/W1604825522","https://openalex.org/W1607265796","https://openalex.org/W1607409005","https://openalex.org/W1704519434","https://openalex.org/W1749949445","https://openalex.org/W1762270769","https://openalex.org/W1896351503","https://openalex.org/W1952446155","https://openalex.org/W1964960257","https://openalex.org/W1965458615","https://openalex.org/W1977666938","https://openalex.org/W1989020845","https://openalex.org/W1989554859","https://openalex.org/W1997993403","https://openalex.org/W1999351647","https://openalex.org/W2020815228","https://openalex.org/W2033831788","https://openalex.org/W2037270438","https://openalex.org/W2037393305","https://openalex.org/W2042016984","https://openalex.org/W2043748488","https://openalex.org/W2047583743","https://openalex.org/W2048365948","https://openalex.org/W2049871294","https://openalex.org/W2052346333","https://openalex.org/W2055330982","https://openalex.org/W2055752597","https://openalex.org/W2061740786","https://openalex.org/W2062627059","https://openalex.org/W2065776483","https://openalex.org/W2066261007","https://openalex.org/W2071960964","https://openalex.org/W2086078573","https://openalex.org/W2088854910","https://openalex.org/W2090434145","https://openalex.org/W2095392641","https://openalex.org/W2095426736","https://openalex.org/W2103768739","https://openalex.org/W2109323336","https://openalex.org/W2110667918","https://openalex.org/W2115998792","https://openalex.org/W2118052532","https://openalex.org/W2130479295","https://openalex.org/W2130597092","https://openalex.org/W2131438231","https://openalex.org/W2136686130","https://openalex.org/W2137358449","https://openalex.org/W2138577079","https://openalex.org/W2144700274","https://openalex.org/W2144846366","https://openalex.org/W2148962857","https://openalex.org/W2149653276","https://openalex.org/W2153981305","https://openalex.org/W2156883839","https://openalex.org/W2157685505","https://openalex.org/W2158939385","https://openalex.org/W2160812415","https://openalex.org/W2161491519","https://openalex.org/W2167362547","https://openalex.org/W2330657662","https://openalex.org/W2331030820","https://openalex.org/W2332976852","https://openalex.org/W2485740435","https://openalex.org/W2490923036","https://openalex.org/W2493894758","https://openalex.org/W2622464361","https://openalex.org/W2797442139","https://openalex.org/W2798418826","https://openalex.org/W2800606011","https://openalex.org/W2883512297","https://openalex.org/W3123340585","https://openalex.org/W3124140110","https://openalex.org/W3132758650"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4252884098","https://openalex.org/W4240631690","https://openalex.org/W4392380408","https://openalex.org/W4402664068","https://openalex.org/W1749949445","https://openalex.org/W3121606667","https://openalex.org/W4285493943","https://openalex.org/W4409176591","https://openalex.org/W4232265509","https://openalex.org/W1995647814"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Routines":[0],"and":[1,9,74,85,185,190],"instincts":[2,75,84,167],"are":[3,41,58,87,157],"similar":[4],"in":[5],"terms":[6],"of":[7,62,72,89,152,173,188],"function":[8],"structure:":[10],"1)":[11],"With":[12,53],"respect":[13,54],"to":[14,55,77,95],"function,":[15],"they":[16,40,124],"economize":[17],"on":[18,149,170],"scarce":[19],"decision-making":[20],"resources,":[21],"such":[22,109],"as":[23],"cognitive":[24],"faculties,":[25],"by":[26],"making":[27],"actions,":[28],"within":[29],"limits,":[30],"inflexible":[31,38],"vis-\u00c3":[32],"-vis":[33],"fluctuating":[34],"environmental":[35],"stimuli.":[36],"As":[37],"patterns,":[39],"units":[42],"that":[43,100,146,166,193],"can":[44,117],"be":[45],"transferred":[46],"via":[47],"inheritance":[48],"or":[49],"social":[50],"learning.":[51],"2)":[52],"structure,":[56],"routines":[57,73,86,122,147,156,189],"simply":[59],"the":[60,63,70,90,105,136,150,161,171],"detailing":[61],"more":[64],"abstract":[65],"underpinning":[66],"instincts.":[67],"If":[68,155],"so,":[69],"similarity":[71],"amount":[76],"homology":[78],"rather":[79],"than":[80],"simple":[81,186],"analogy.":[82],"So,":[83],"constituents":[88],"same":[91],"phenomenon.":[92],"This":[93,128],"behooves":[94],"have":[96],"a":[97,110,131,133,183],"single":[98,184],"theory":[99],"explains":[101],"their":[102],"formation.":[103],"But":[104],"literature":[106],"largely":[107],"lacks":[108],"theory.":[111],"Pointedly,":[112],"natural":[113],"selection":[114],"theory,":[115],"which":[116],"explain":[118,121],"instincts,":[119,160],"cannot":[120],"because":[123],"arise":[125,148,168],"during":[126],"ontogeny.":[127],"paper":[129],"proposes":[130],"solution,":[132],"radical":[134,141],"one:":[135],"rational":[137,153,174],"choice":[138],"approach.":[139],"The":[140],"proposal":[142,162],"can,":[143,163],"first,":[144],"show":[145,165],"basis":[151,172],"choice.":[154,175],"ultimately":[158],"hardened":[159],"second,":[164],"also":[169],"While":[176],"this":[177],"solution":[178],"invites":[179],"Lamarckism,":[180],"it":[181],"offers":[182],"account":[187,192],"instincts\u2013as":[191],"meets":[194],"Ockham\u2019s":[195],"razor.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}