{"id":"https://openalex.org/W622614219","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1114059","title":"Principles of Criminology","display_name":"Principles of Criminology","publication_year":1925,"publication_date":"1925-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W622614219","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1114059","mag":"622614219"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/1114059","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1114059","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1114059","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183770981","display_name":"Columbia Law Review","issn_l":"0010-1958","issn":["0010-1958","1945-2268"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-3","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316727","host_organization_name":"Columbia Law School","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316727","https://openalex.org/P4310316010"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Columbia Law School","Columbia University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Columbia Law Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010933970","display_name":"George W. Kirchwey","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George W. Kirchwey","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059746253","display_name":"K. Subrahmania Pillai","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Subrahmania Pillai","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":155,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.03237792,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"4","first_page":"510","last_page":"510"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12736","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Penology","score":0.8062000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12736","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Penology","score":0.8062000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.06759999692440033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13376","display_name":"Criminal Law and Policy","score":0.04690000042319298,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/criminology","display_name":"criminology","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crime","display_name":"crime","score":0.4020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causes-of-crime","display_name":"causes of crime","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/criminal-behavior","display_name":"criminal behavior","score":0.6119999885559082}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.801825225353241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4431290030479431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.35021844506263733}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/1114059","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1114059","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1114059","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183770981","display_name":"Columbia Law Review","issn_l":"0010-1958","issn":["0010-1958","1945-2268"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-3","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316727","host_organization_name":"Columbia Law School","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316727","https://openalex.org/P4310316010"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Columbia Law School","Columbia University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Columbia Law Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.5473999977111816,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2797274600","https://openalex.org/W4231709327","https://openalex.org/W2800110628","https://openalex.org/W4302400624","https://openalex.org/W2316705879","https://openalex.org/W2795375926","https://openalex.org/W4302555668","https://openalex.org/W2802119610","https://openalex.org/W3146027928","https://openalex.org/W630572194"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":47},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}