{"id":"https://openalex.org/W617260423","doi":null,"title":"FUNDAMENTAL ALTERATION OF THE CONTRACTUAL EQUILIBRIUM UNDER HARDSHIP EXEMPTION","display_name":"FUNDAMENTAL ALTERATION OF THE CONTRACTUAL EQUILIBRIUM UNDER HARDSHIP EXEMPTION","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W617260423","mag":"617260423"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:617260423","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://philpapers.org/rec/GIRFAO-3","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062310572","display_name":"Daniel Girsberger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7894-9126","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7894-9126"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Girsberger","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7894-9126","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032388552","display_name":"Paulius Zapolskis","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paulius Zapolskis","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.631,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96394979,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12374","display_name":"European and International Contract Law","score":0.948199987411499,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12374","display_name":"European and International Contract Law","score":0.948199987411499,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12982","display_name":"Legal principles and applications","score":0.027499999850988388,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12669","display_name":"Comparative International Legal Studies","score":0.016200000420212746,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impossibility-of-performance","display_name":"impossibility of performance","score":0.6600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unidroit-principles","display_name":"UNIDROIT Principles","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-commercial-contracts","display_name":"international commercial contracts","score":0.5429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/case-law","display_name":"case law","score":0.6869999766349792}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776211767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117850","display_name":"Doctrine","level":2,"score":0.7218620777130127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.6274092197418213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.5736217498779297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.469329297542572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.43823927640914917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.39966267347335815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.3919442296028137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3633413016796112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.11187011003494263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:617260423","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://philpapers.org/rec/GIRFAO-3","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7297000288963318,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W116426560","https://openalex.org/W379902950","https://openalex.org/W404807345","https://openalex.org/W407029523","https://openalex.org/W408819064","https://openalex.org/W581498377","https://openalex.org/W602032109","https://openalex.org/W608957965","https://openalex.org/W652161672","https://openalex.org/W1486320782","https://openalex.org/W1499983596","https://openalex.org/W1504740786","https://openalex.org/W1545610634","https://openalex.org/W1548615084","https://openalex.org/W1585993033","https://openalex.org/W1597073182","https://openalex.org/W1805366650","https://openalex.org/W1987996518","https://openalex.org/W2074771165","https://openalex.org/W2116047623","https://openalex.org/W2139333404","https://openalex.org/W2331852740","https://openalex.org/W2461303335","https://openalex.org/W2798075659","https://openalex.org/W2887790033","https://openalex.org/W3122628834","https://openalex.org/W3181750311"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2602369531","https://openalex.org/W6936610109","https://openalex.org/W2217822108","https://openalex.org/W3212366911","https://openalex.org/W6999370879","https://openalex.org/W4238068658","https://openalex.org/W4407869030","https://openalex.org/W4312451142","https://openalex.org/W4362727424","https://openalex.org/W574323940"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,31,53,84],"authors":[1,32,85],"of":[2,17,27,44,66,82,86,98],"this":[3,87],"article":[4,88],"apply":[5],"systemic":[6],"and":[7,48,56,104],"comparative":[8,96],"methods":[9],"in":[10,41,74],"order":[11,75],"to":[12,76],"discuss":[13],"the":[14,28,42,64,78,99],"key":[15],"criteria":[16],"hardship":[18],"as":[19,38],"a":[20,24,95],"legal":[21,58,102],"institute,":[22],"i.e.":[23],"fundamental":[25,67],"alteration":[26],"contractual":[29],"equilibrium.":[30],"focus":[33],"on":[34],"modern":[35],"regulations,":[36],"such":[37,90],"those":[39],"established":[40],"Principles":[43,55],"International":[45],"Commercial":[46],"Contracts":[47],"other":[49,57],"international":[50],"contract":[51],"restatements.":[52],"UNIDROIT":[54],"instruments":[59],"usually":[60],"quite":[61],"abstractly":[62],"define":[63],"criterion":[65],"alteration;":[68],"thus":[69],"further":[70],"input":[71,92],"is":[72],"necessary":[73],"reveal":[77],"more":[79],"precise":[80],"requirements":[81],"hardship.":[83],"provide":[89],"an":[91],"by":[93],"conducting":[94],"research":[97],"most":[100],"prominent":[101],"doctrine":[103],"case":[105],"law.":[106]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}