{"id":"https://openalex.org/W614851633","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203880975","title":"The Origins of Globalization","display_name":"The Origins of Globalization","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-06-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W614851633","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203880975","mag":"614851633"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4324/9780203880975","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203880975","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203880975","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463855","display_name":"Routledge eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"book"},"volume":null,"type":"book","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108345202","display_name":"Karl Moore","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karl Moore","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109935657","display_name":"David Charles Lewis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0777-2460","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0777-2460"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Charles Lewis","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5175,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":72,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93173168,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10605","display_name":"Historical Economic and Social Studies","score":0.4140999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10605","display_name":"Historical Economic and Social Studies","score":0.4140999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14503","display_name":"Globalization, Economics, and Policies","score":0.25949999690055847,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13787","display_name":"Globalization, Historical Perspectives, and International Relations","score":0.12250000238418579,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/globalization","display_name":"globalization","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ancient-economy","display_name":"ancient economy","score":0.5730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixed-economy","display_name":"mixed economy","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-trade","display_name":"international trade","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/small-and-medium-sized-enterprises","display_name":"small and medium-sized enterprises","score":0.6949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outsourcing","display_name":"outsourcing","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multicultural-workforce","display_name":"multicultural workforce","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tariffs","display_name":"tariffs","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foreign-exchange-risk-management","display_name":"foreign exchange risk management","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-seeking","display_name":"resource seeking","score":0.5789999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/market-seeking","display_name":"market seeking","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/historical-economic-analysis","display_name":"historical economic analysis","score":0.5070000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.3269999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/india","display_name":"India","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rome","display_name":"Rome","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/africa","display_name":"Africa","score":0.652999997138977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2119116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7181","display_name":"Globalization","level":2,"score":0.7782924175262451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46934059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61515","display_name":"Outsourcing","level":2,"score":0.5633812546730042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141121606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8142","display_name":"Currency","level":2,"score":0.5510023832321167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.5186042785644531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527412718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5130602121353149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.5002174377441406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.49996018409729004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777098093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q473750","display_name":"World economy","level":2,"score":0.4797690808773041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542530943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190656","display_name":"Multiculturalism","level":2,"score":0.4636958837509155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776060655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52389","display_name":"Tariff","level":2,"score":0.4103618562221527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3657369613647461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.34371018409729004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.33680957555770874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.290119469165802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.20058950781822205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556758197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580018","display_name":"Monetary economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4324/9780203880975","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203880975","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203880975","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463855","display_name":"Routledge eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"book"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-017611206","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017611206&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:614851633","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA90010355","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7217959335","https://openalex.org/W116050261","https://openalex.org/W4388749842","https://openalex.org/W3175467183","https://openalex.org/W2091451476","https://openalex.org/W2903124558","https://openalex.org/W6962805990","https://openalex.org/W7207012407","https://openalex.org/W6986212858","https://openalex.org/W276280087"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Origins":[0],"of":[1,16,34,45,71,95,106],"Globalization":[2],"draws":[3],"widely":[4],"on":[5],"ancient":[6,38,47],"sources":[7],"and":[8,52,61,65,68,74,81,92,111],"modern":[9],"economic":[10,119],"theory":[11],"to":[12,28,63],"detail":[13],"the":[14,37,42,46,93,107],"concept":[15],"\u201cknown":[17],"world\u201d":[18],"globalization,":[19],"arguing":[20],"that":[21],"a":[22,32,102,112],"mixed":[23],"economy--similar":[24],"in":[25,31],"many":[26],"respects":[27],"our":[29],"own--existed":[30],"variety":[33],"forms":[35],"throughout":[36],"world.":[39],"By":[40],"analyzing":[41],"business":[43],"practices":[44],"world--phenomena":[48],"such":[49],"as":[50],"resource":[51],"market":[53],"seeking":[54],"behavior,":[55],"international":[56],"trade":[57],"from":[58],"China,":[59],"India":[60],"Rome,":[62],"Africa":[64],"even":[66],"northern":[67],"western":[69],"parts":[70],"Europe,":[72],"Small":[73],"Medium":[75],"Size":[76],"Enterprises":[77],"(SMEs)":[78],"operating":[79],"internationally":[80],"outsourcing":[82],"production,":[83],"multicultural":[84],"workforces,":[85],"tariff":[86],"reduced":[87],"zones,":[88],"interregional":[89],"tax":[90],"issues,":[91],"management":[94],"currency":[96],"risks--the":[97],"authors":[98],"provide":[99],"readers":[100],"with":[101],"unique":[103],"historical":[104,118],"interpretation":[105],"contemporary":[108],"globalizing":[109],"economy":[110],"durable":[113],"theoretical":[114],"framework":[115],"for":[116],"future":[117],"analyses.":[120]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-25T09:29:13.331239","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}