{"id":"https://openalex.org/W613289196","doi":null,"title":"Founding Fathers: Brief Lives of the Framers of the United States Constitution","display_name":"Founding Fathers: Brief Lives of the Framers of the United States Constitution","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W613289196","mag":"613289196"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:613289196","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA22668122","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"book","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112247996","display_name":"M. E. Bradford","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7781-983X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7781-983X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. E. Bradford","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030541371","display_name":"Russell Kirk","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Russell Kirk","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8791,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8073273,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13445","display_name":"American Constitutional Law and Politics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13445","display_name":"American Constitutional Law and Politics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13495","display_name":"Biographical and Historical Analysis","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12454","display_name":"European Political History Analysis","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/united-states-constitution","display_name":"United States Constitution","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philadelphia-convention","display_name":"Philadelphia Convention","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constitutional-theory","display_name":"constitutional theory","score":0.6320000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ratification","display_name":"ratification","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-revenue","display_name":"national revenue","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-debt","display_name":"public debt","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/currency","display_name":"currency","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-barriers","display_name":"trade barriers","score":0.5609999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collective-defense","display_name":"collective defense","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-thought","display_name":"political thought","score":0.40299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/religion-and-politics","display_name":"religion and politics","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-decision-making","display_name":"political decision-making","score":0.4729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/founding-fathers","display_name":"founding fathers","score":0.5759999752044678}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776713681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193170","display_name":"Ratification","level":3,"score":0.8763474225997925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776154427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7755","display_name":"Constitution","level":2,"score":0.726544976234436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780608745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367293","display_name":"Convention","level":2,"score":0.6814508438110352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.6703197956085205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133979268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1682108","display_name":"Vision","level":2,"score":0.6635211706161499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120527767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3196867","display_name":"Debt","level":2,"score":0.5677828192710876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5444106459617615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.5082230567932129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.33742332458496094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.12007144093513489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:613289196","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA22668122","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2097509407","https://openalex.org/W655215806","https://openalex.org/W588988046","https://openalex.org/W4237677645","https://openalex.org/W578474744","https://openalex.org/W4361858629","https://openalex.org/W7047931738","https://openalex.org/W2801278504","https://openalex.org/W3034281059","https://openalex.org/W2800679699"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"concise":[2],"and":[3,39,66,76,87,89,103],"valuable":[4],"reference":[5],"work":[6],"-":[7,23],"the":[8,20,28,35,45,64,69,74,80],"only":[9],"compilation":[10],"of":[11,44,60,79],"biographical":[12],"sketches":[13],"for":[14,34,68],"all":[15],"fifty-five":[16],"Framers":[17],"who":[18],"attended":[19],"Philadelphia":[21],"Convention":[22],"M.":[24],"E.":[25],"Bradford":[26],"examines":[27],"Framers'":[29],"constitutional":[30],"theories,":[31],"their":[32,40,84,92],"visions":[33],"newly":[36],"founded":[37],"union,":[38],"opinions":[41],"on":[42],"ratification":[43],"document":[46],"that":[47],"would":[48],"address":[49],"such":[50],"paramount":[51],"issues":[52],"as":[53],"national":[54],"revenue,":[55],"public":[56],"debt,":[57],"currency,":[58],"removal":[59],"trade":[61],"barriers":[62],"between":[63],"states,":[65],"provisions":[67],"common":[70],"defense.":[71],"Delving":[72],"into":[73],"political":[75,93],"philosophical":[77],"principles":[78],"Founders,":[81],"he":[82],"illuminates":[83],"motives,":[85],"thoughts,":[86],"actions":[88],"illustrates":[90],"how":[91],"decision-making":[94],"was":[95],"influenced":[96],"by":[97],"religion,":[98],"education,":[99],"environment,":[100],"economic":[101],"circumstances,":[102],"personal":[104],"background.":[105]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-25T09:29:13.331239","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
