{"id":"https://openalex.org/W61217870","doi":null,"title":"Environmental toxicity and poor cognitive outcomes in children and adults.","display_name":"Environmental toxicity and poor cognitive outcomes in children and adults.","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W61217870","mag":"61217870","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24645424","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4247328"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:24645424","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24645424","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of environmental health","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4247328","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018801187","display_name":"Jianghong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8405-6153","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8405-6153"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianghong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036153418","display_name":"Gary L. Lewis","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gary Lewis","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3364,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":142,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7892562,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"76","issue":"6","first_page":"130","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10790","display_name":"Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10790","display_name":"Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14393","display_name":"Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging","score":0.0031999999191612005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12259","display_name":"Environmental Justice and Health Disparities","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-toxicants","display_name":"environmental toxins","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurotoxicity","display_name":"neurotoxicity","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-function","display_name":"cognitive function","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children","display_name":"children","score":0.6150000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adults","display_name":"adults","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lead-exposure","display_name":"lead exposure","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mercury-exposure","display_name":"mercury exposure","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-pollution","display_name":"air pollution","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organic-compounds","display_name":"organic compounds","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-damage","display_name":"brain damage","score":0.4729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociodemographic-disparities","display_name":"sociodemographic disparities","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-rural-differences","display_name":"urban-rural differences","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethnic-minorities","display_name":"ethnic minorities","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-assessment","display_name":"risk assessment","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prevention","display_name":"prevention","score":0.796999990940094}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172467417","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1670397","display_name":"Neurocognitive","level":3,"score":0.8214091062545776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777363581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15098235","display_name":"Harm","level":2,"score":0.6730302572250366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.6405131220817566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.5587260723114014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.5554964542388916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5494461059570312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4233451187610626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.39671075344085693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.3218093514442444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.19749581813812256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.14577892422676086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.11018824577331543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.1087992787361145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000075322","descriptor_name":"Heavy Metal Poisoning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000393","descriptor_name":"Air Pollutants","qualifier_ui":"Q000506","qualifier_name":"poisoning","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000397","descriptor_name":"Air Pollution","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000397","descriptor_name":"Air Pollution","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003071","descriptor_name":"Cognition","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003072","descriptor_name":"Cognition Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000139","qualifier_name":"chemically induced","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004781","descriptor_name":"Environmental Exposure","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004781","descriptor_name":"Environmental Exposure","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009930","descriptor_name":"Organic Chemicals","qualifier_ui":"Q000506","qualifier_name":"poisoning","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011041","descriptor_name":"Poisoning","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:24645424","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24645424","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of environmental health","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4247328","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4247328","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Environ Health","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"mag:61217870","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4247328","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S33960400","display_name":"Journal of environmental health","issn_l":"0022-0892","issn":["0022-0892"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800618","host_organization_name":"National Environmental Health Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800618"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Environmental Health Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of environmental health","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4247328","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4247328","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Environ Health","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.98580002784729,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1989987701","display_name":"Mechanisms that mediate the link between lead exposure and child behavior problem","funder_award_id":"K02ES019878","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337361","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8525742826","display_name":"Lead exposure, externalizing behavior, and neurobiological mediating factors","funder_award_id":"R01ES018858","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337361","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000872793","display_name":"Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology","funder_award_id":"P30ES013508","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337361","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337361","display_name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2219318315"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4293324374","https://openalex.org/W2994995661","https://openalex.org/W4250353209","https://openalex.org/W4417341245","https://openalex.org/W7128586081","https://openalex.org/W3124153779","https://openalex.org/W2483503794","https://openalex.org/W7117572445","https://openalex.org/W2971942882","https://openalex.org/W2109212506"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Extensive":[0],"literature":[1],"has":[2],"already":[3],"documented":[4],"the":[5,13,27,50,81,95,106,151],"deleterious":[6],"effects":[7,108,122,131],"of":[8,26,85,97,105,112,153],"heavy":[9],"metal":[10],"toxins":[11],"on":[12,109,120],"human":[14],"brain":[15,54],"and":[16,40,45,64,68,74,87,150,159,164,170],"nervous":[17],"system.":[18],"These":[19],"toxins,":[20,116],"however,":[21],"represent":[22],"only":[23],"a":[24,103],"fraction":[25],"environmental":[28,115],"hazards":[29],"that":[30],"may":[31],"pose":[32],"harm":[33],"to":[34,52,61,91,147,172],"cognitive":[35,110],"ability":[36,111],"in":[37,94,124],"humans.":[38],"Lead":[39],"mercury":[41],"exposure,":[42],"air":[43],"pollution,":[44],"organic":[46],"compounds":[47],"all":[48],"have":[49],"potential":[51,82],"damage":[53],"functioning":[55],"yet":[56],"remain":[57],"understudied.":[58],"In":[59],"order":[60],"provide":[62],"comprehensive":[63],"effective":[65],"public":[66,157],"health":[67,69,158],"care":[70],"initiatives":[71],"for":[72,168],"prevention":[73,154],"treatment,":[75],"we":[76],"must":[77],"first":[78],"fully":[79],"understand":[80],"risks,":[83],"mechanisms":[84],"action,":[86],"outcomes":[88],"surrounding":[89],"exposure":[90],"these":[92,113],"elements":[93],"context":[96],"neurocognitive":[98],"ability.":[99],"This":[100],"article":[101],"provides":[102],"review":[104],"negative":[107],"lesser-studied":[114],"with":[117],"an":[118],"emphasis":[119],"delineating":[121],"observed":[123],"child":[125],"versus":[126,137],"adult":[127],"populations.":[128],"Possible":[129],"differential":[130],"across":[132],"sociodemographic":[133],"populations":[134],"(e.g.,":[135],"urban":[136],"rural":[138],"residents;":[139],"ethnic":[140],"minorities)":[141],"are":[142,162],"discussed":[143],"as":[144],"important":[145],"contributors":[146],"risk":[148],"assessment":[149],"development":[152],"measures.":[155],"The":[156],"clinical":[160],"implications":[161],"significant":[163],"offer":[165],"ample":[166],"opportunities":[167],"clinicians":[169],"researchers":[171],"help":[173],"combat":[174],"this":[175],"growing":[176],"problem.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}