{"id":"https://openalex.org/W611635648","doi":null,"title":"DARK ADAPTATION AS A FUNCTION OF AGE AND TINTED WINDSHIELD GLASS","display_name":"DARK ADAPTATION AS A FUNCTION OF AGE AND TINTED WINDSHIELD GLASS","publication_year":1960,"publication_date":"1960-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W611635648","mag":"611635648"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:611635648","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://trid.trb.org/view/116263","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764581635","display_name":"Highway Research Record","issn_l":"0073-2206","issn":["0073-2206"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800788","host_organization_name":"National Research Council","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800788"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Research Council"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Highway research record","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024917649","display_name":"Ross A. McFarland","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ross A. McFarland","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032128676","display_name":"Richard G. Domey","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard G. Domey","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003007263","display_name":"Aran Warren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7436-3416","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7436-3416"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aran Warren","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7436-3416","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102984796","display_name":"David C. Ward","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2380-4813","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2380-4813","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2705-408X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David C. Ward","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2380-4813","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.12268041,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"255","issue":"255","first_page":"47","last_page":"56"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.8144999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.8144999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10427","display_name":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","score":0.10360000282526016,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12315","display_name":"Older Adults Driving Studies","score":0.02410000003874302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2717","display_name":"Geriatrics and Gerontology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dark-adaptation","display_name":"dark adaptation","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-effects","display_name":"age effects","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-perception","display_name":"visual perception","score":0.367000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-light-vision","display_name":"low-light vision","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-transmittance","display_name":"optical transmittance","score":0.6169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicle-drivers","display_name":"vehicle drivers","score":0.5929999947547913}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780387288","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13693","display_name":"Windshield","level":2,"score":0.9915392398834229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.43375682830810547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.31555432081222534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17980098724365234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10110017657279968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:611635648","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://trid.trb.org/view/116263","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764581635","display_name":"Highway Research Record","issn_l":"0073-2206","issn":["0073-2206"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800788","host_organization_name":"National Research Council","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800788"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Research Council"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Highway research record","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W591799502","https://openalex.org/W2017378688","https://openalex.org/W2336112895","https://openalex.org/W2605325533"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W334120094","https://openalex.org/W591799502","https://openalex.org/W1990594613","https://openalex.org/W4241505326","https://openalex.org/W582599098","https://openalex.org/W7098750078","https://openalex.org/W1518621978","https://openalex.org/W2563381379","https://openalex.org/W2201132853","https://openalex.org/W2063447382"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,30],"relative":[1],"effects":[2],"are":[3,191],"measured":[4],"of":[5,16,22,58,64,87,108,121,127,164,170,198],"light-absorbing,":[6],"clear,":[7],"and":[8,51,118,144,161,183,187],"tinted":[9,52,70,88,154,188],"windshield":[10,53,71,82,89,112,155,181,189],"glass":[11,54,72,113,156,190],"on":[12],"the":[13,56,62,65,97,116,119,122,141,149,159,162,165],"terminal":[14,125,168],"levels":[15,126,169,197],"dark":[17,43,103,128,150,171],"adaptation":[18,104,129,151,172],"in":[19,28,42,148,203],"a":[20,35,106,133,146,176],"sample":[21],"240":[23],"subjects":[24],"who":[25],"varied":[26],"widely":[27],"age.":[29],"instrument":[31],"used":[32],"throughout":[33],"was":[34,40],"modified":[36],"hecht-schlaer":[37],"adaptometer,":[38],"which":[39],"housed":[41],"rooms.":[44],"CONCLUSIONS":[45],"reached":[46],"are:":[47],"(1)":[48],"both":[49,185],"clear":[50,81,111,180,186],"reduce":[55],"amount":[57],"light":[59,79,92,137],"that":[60],"reaches":[61],"retina":[63],"vehicle":[66],"driver's":[67],"eye,":[68],"(2)":[69],"transmits":[73],"about":[74],"20%":[75],"to":[76,138,193],"35%":[77],"less":[78,91],"than":[80,93],"glass,":[83,182],"(3)":[84],"some":[85],"areas":[86],"transmit":[90],"is":[94,105,130,173],"permitted":[95],"by":[96,132,175,179],"american":[98],"standard":[99],"safety":[100],"code,":[101],"(4)":[102],"function":[107],"age,":[109],"(5)":[110],"interposed":[114,157],"between":[115,158],"testlight":[117,160],"eye":[120,163],"subject":[123,166],"at":[124,167],"followed":[131,174],"greater":[134],"demand":[135,177],"for":[136,200],"just":[139],"see":[140],"test":[142],"stimulus,":[143],"therefore":[145],"rise":[147],"curve,":[152],"(6)":[153],"caused":[178],"(7)":[184],"impediments":[192],"vision":[194],"under":[195],"low":[196],"illumination":[199],"persons":[201],"ranging":[202],"age":[204],"from":[205],"16":[206],"through":[207],"89":[208],"years.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
