{"id":"https://openalex.org/W609024912","doi":null,"title":"The Empirical Nature of Behavior Therapies","display_name":"The Empirical Nature of Behavior Therapies","publication_year":1977,"publication_date":"1977-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W609024912","mag":"609024912"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:609024912","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/27758878.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029663942","display_name":"Anthony Biglan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0820-1195","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0820-1195"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anthony Biglan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016837964","display_name":"David J. Kass","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David J. Kass","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7584,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84568131,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10826","display_name":"Behavioral and Psychological Studies","score":0.7705000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10826","display_name":"Behavioral and Psychological Studies","score":0.7705000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12430","display_name":"Academic and Historical Perspectives in Psychology","score":0.19930000603199005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3200","display_name":"General Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10214","display_name":"Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications","score":0.012000000104308128,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/behavioral-therapy","display_name":"behavior therapy","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/experimental-analysis-of-behavior","display_name":"experimental analysis of behavior","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-events","display_name":"private events","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/independent-variables","display_name":"independent variables","score":0.7080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-evaluation","display_name":"empirical evaluation","score":0.6000000238418579}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6315470337867737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6225061416625977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.46462684869766235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27574286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320723","display_name":"Variables","level":2,"score":0.44263792037963867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.4132886826992035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.41182518005371094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.38453176617622375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.19594919681549072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.05974602699279785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:609024912","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/27758878.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W567052022","https://openalex.org/W580631483","https://openalex.org/W622609157","https://openalex.org/W649501944","https://openalex.org/W1514621373","https://openalex.org/W1526366739","https://openalex.org/W1527935828","https://openalex.org/W1743391270","https://openalex.org/W1861632564","https://openalex.org/W1935167552","https://openalex.org/W1970390207","https://openalex.org/W1972869609","https://openalex.org/W1978041674","https://openalex.org/W1979207101","https://openalex.org/W1985768949","https://openalex.org/W1995863432","https://openalex.org/W2011020426","https://openalex.org/W2021743314","https://openalex.org/W2030729299","https://openalex.org/W2032212310","https://openalex.org/W2035036741","https://openalex.org/W2036528187","https://openalex.org/W2038328248","https://openalex.org/W2043385190","https://openalex.org/W2043681664","https://openalex.org/W2046603490","https://openalex.org/W2060273266","https://openalex.org/W2061131717","https://openalex.org/W2068468618","https://openalex.org/W2069200517","https://openalex.org/W2084392006","https://openalex.org/W2085860947","https://openalex.org/W2091144676","https://openalex.org/W2095880030","https://openalex.org/W2121943716","https://openalex.org/W2133692604","https://openalex.org/W2141466050","https://openalex.org/W2150212046","https://openalex.org/W2155402108","https://openalex.org/W2158473323","https://openalex.org/W2170332928","https://openalex.org/W2413390510","https://openalex.org/W2461094734","https://openalex.org/W2490888045","https://openalex.org/W2759588426"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2752467620","https://openalex.org/W2048283106","https://openalex.org/W1573135555","https://openalex.org/W1979340331","https://openalex.org/W2057044755","https://openalex.org/W123774539","https://openalex.org/W1972787921","https://openalex.org/W2069667200","https://openalex.org/W2981215726","https://openalex.org/W2105374386"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,141],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"an":[3],"analysis":[4,15,50,58,87],"of":[5,11,21,31,38,51,71,88,115],"the":[6,18,29,36,48,69,85,132,137,154],"conceptual":[7,150],"and":[8,26,90,95,128,152],"methodological":[9],"practices":[10,151],"behavior":[12,52,64,89,138,158],"therapies.":[13],"Our":[14],"focuses":[16],"on":[17,35],"common":[19],"practice":[20,42],"identifying":[22],"specific":[23,116],"organismic":[24,117],"events":[25,73],"empirically":[27],"evaluating":[28],"effects":[30],"well-specified":[32],"independent":[33,119,133],"variables":[34,120,134],"probability":[37],"those":[39,126],"events.":[40],"The":[41],"is":[43],"most":[44],"commonly":[45],"identified":[46],"as":[47],"experimental":[49,86],"(Skinner,":[53],"1970).":[54],"We":[55],"present":[56],"this":[57],"because":[59],"it":[60],"appears":[61],"that":[62,106,131],"many":[63],"therapists":[65],"have":[66,81,91],"either":[67],"rejected":[68],"study":[70],"private":[72],"or,":[74],"in":[75,113,139,156],"their":[76],"attempts":[77],"to":[78,104,124],"incorporate":[79],"them,":[80],"abandoned":[82],"or":[83],"ignored":[84],"substituted":[92],"ambiguous":[93],"concepts":[94],"mentalistic":[96],"explana":[97],"tory":[98],"practices.":[99],"It":[100],"therefore":[101],"seems":[102],"appropriate":[103],"demonstrate":[105],"any":[107],"psychological":[108],"problem":[109],"can":[110],"be":[111],"construed":[112],"terms":[114],"events,":[118,127],"which":[121,157],"are":[122],"said":[123],"affect":[125,136],"empirical":[129],"evidence":[130],"do":[135],"question.":[140],"general":[142],"framework":[143],"has":[144],"critical":[145],"implica":[146],"tions":[147],"for":[148,153],"current":[149],"way":[155],"therapy":[159],"achieves":[160],"rapprochement":[161],"with":[162],"other":[163],"orientations.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}