{"id":"https://openalex.org/W6076998","doi":null,"title":"Predynastic & Pharaonic era Rock-Art inEgypt\u2019s Central Eastern Desert:Distribution, Dating & Interpretation","display_name":"Predynastic & Pharaonic era Rock-Art inEgypt\u2019s Central Eastern Desert:Distribution, Dating & Interpretation","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W6076998","mag":"6076998"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:etheses.durham.ac.uk:5909","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://etheses.durham.ac.uk/id/eprint/5909/1/THESIS.pdf","pdf_url":"https://etheses.durham.ac.uk/id/eprint/5909/1/THESIS.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402363","display_name":"Durham e-Theses (Durham University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I190082696","host_organization_name":"Durham University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033612404","display_name":"Francis Lankester","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Francis Lankester","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033612404"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13256","display_name":"Archaeology and Rock Art Studies","score":0.9663000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3302","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13256","display_name":"Archaeology and Rock Art Studies","score":0.9663000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3302","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12555","display_name":"Ancient Egypt and Archaeology","score":0.032999999821186066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13372","display_name":"Archaeology and Historical Studies","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rock-art","display_name":"rock art","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/petroglyphs","display_name":"petroglyphs","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-eastern-desert","display_name":"Central Eastern Desert","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predynastic-egypt","display_name":"Predynastic Egypt","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naqada-culture","display_name":"Naqada culture","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ancient-egypt","display_name":"ancient Egypt","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hunting-scenes","display_name":"hunting scenes","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/funerary-contexts","display_name":"funerary contexts","score":0.6259999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/red-sea","display_name":"Red Sea","score":0.4830000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wadis","display_name":"wadis","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rock-art-dating","display_name":"rock art dating","score":0.5149999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rock-art-interpretation","display_name":"rock art interpretation","score":0.6110000014305115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776381685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1211146","display_name":"Rock art","level":2,"score":0.7624651789665222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200965112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187971","display_name":"Wadi","level":2,"score":0.6836665868759155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776130869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361649","display_name":"Desert (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6052277088165283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.5693102478981018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781291010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178580","display_name":"Period (music)","level":2,"score":0.5399105548858643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.46601465344429016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.4594718813896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527412718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.435889333486557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.16356831789016724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:etheses.durham.ac.uk:5909","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://etheses.durham.ac.uk/id/eprint/5909/1/THESIS.pdf","pdf_url":"https://etheses.durham.ac.uk/id/eprint/5909/1/THESIS.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402363","display_name":"Durham e-Theses (Durham University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I190082696","host_organization_name":"Durham University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:6076998","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5909/","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.8500000238418579,"display_name":"Life below water"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7023947953","https://openalex.org/W623315548","https://openalex.org/W655663407","https://openalex.org/W7049024112","https://openalex.org/W6944376331","https://openalex.org/W1980831667","https://openalex.org/W2985663929","https://openalex.org/W4241764437","https://openalex.org/W4403530217","https://openalex.org/W7166494661"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,39,118,324],"aim":[1],"of":[2,10,46,52,58,63,87,120,127,130,137,141,147,154,218,234,249,270],"this":[3,202],"thesis":[4,261],"is":[5,41,327],"to":[6,17,27,31,95,100,105,168,177,223,226,244,256,267,285,306,318,333],"examine":[7],"the":[8,19,33,44,61,64,69,80,82,85,88,98,101,106,112,128,131,135,142,148,155,161,196,216,219,224,231,245,250,257,268,273,281,309],"rock-art":[9,143,326],"Egypt\u2019s":[11],"Central":[12],"Eastern":[13,107,251],"Desert":[14,108],"in":[15,60,79,160,201,210,215,312,344],"order":[16],"outline":[18],"petroglyphs\u2019":[20],"distribution":[21,129],"and":[22,30,54,71,111,145,180,236,247,272,278,335,338,340],"influences":[23],"on":[24,242],"their":[25,151],"location,":[26],"date":[28,174],"them,":[29],"explore":[32],"reasons":[34,149],"why":[35],"they":[36,290],"were":[37,157],"created.":[38],"area":[40,89],"notable":[42],"for":[43,150],"presence":[45],"boat":[47],"petroglyphs,":[48],"along":[49],"with":[50,186,275,298],"images":[51,238,331],"people":[53],"a":[55,121,138,264,303],"wide":[56],"range":[57],"fauna,":[59],"middle":[62],"desert":[65],"many":[66],"miles":[67],"from":[68,97,175],"Nile":[70],"Red":[72,258],"Sea.":[73,259],"Since":[74],"Hans":[75],"Winkler\u2019s":[76],"pioneering":[77],"work":[78,96,203],"1930\u2019s,":[81],"corpus":[83,123],"covering":[84],"whole":[86],"has":[90],"been":[91,293],"considerably":[92],"increased":[93],"due":[94],"1980\u2019s":[99],"present,":[102],"thanks":[103],"mainly":[104],"Survey":[109,116],"(EDS)":[110],"Rock":[113],"Art":[114],"Topographical":[115],"(RATS).":[117],"construction":[119],"comprehensive":[122],"enables":[124],"an":[125,321],"analysis":[126,198],"approximately":[132],"4000":[133],"images,":[134],"dating":[136],"significant":[139],"majority":[140],"sites":[144],"interpretation":[146,269],"creation.":[152],"Many":[153],"petroglyphs":[156],"probably":[158],"made":[159],"early":[162],"predynastic":[163,310],"period:":[164],"Naqada":[165,313],"I":[166,301],"c":[167],"II":[169],"a/b":[170],"(which":[171],"scholars":[172],"generally":[173],"3750":[176],"3650":[178],"BCE),":[179],"often":[181,208],"show":[182],"hunting":[183,319],"scenes":[184],"associated":[185],"boats,":[187],"or":[188],"even":[189],"have":[190,291],"vessels":[191],"integrated":[192],"within":[193],"them.":[194],"As":[195,283],"spatial":[197],"carried":[199],"out":[200],"demonstrates,":[204],"these":[205],"motifs":[206,311],"are":[207,239],"located":[209],"shaded":[211],"locations":[212],"and,":[213],"especially":[214],"south":[217],"survey":[220],"area,":[221],"near":[222],"entrances":[225],"side":[227],"wadis.":[228],"In":[229],"contrast,":[230],"smaller":[232],"numbers":[233],"dynastic":[235],"Greco-Roman":[237],"usually":[240],"situated":[241],"routes":[243],"mines":[246],"quarries":[248],"Desert,":[252],"as":[253,255,320],"well":[254],"This":[260],"also":[262],"proposes":[263],"new":[265],"approach":[266,305],"boats":[271],"figures":[274],"arms":[276],"raised":[277],"incurved":[279],"above":[280],"head.":[282],"opposed":[284],"common":[286],"scholarly":[287],"practice":[288],"where":[289],"previously":[292],"interpreted":[294],"by":[295],"retrospective":[296],"comparison":[297],"pharaonic":[299,330],"themes,":[300],"pursue":[302],"synchronic":[304],"interpretation,":[307],"placing":[308],"culture":[314],"funerary":[315],"context":[316],"linked":[317],"elite":[322],"activity.":[323],"later":[325],"divided":[328],"between":[329],"related":[332],"mining":[334],"quarrying":[336],"expeditions,":[337],"horse":[339],"camel":[341],"riders":[342],"pictured":[343],"unique":[345],"conflict":[346],"scenes.":[347]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}