{"id":"https://openalex.org/W60580390","doi":null,"title":"Frames or Objects, or Both?","display_name":"Frames or Objects, or Both?","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W60580390","mag":"60580390"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:60580390","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.lassila.org/publications/1990/frames-or-objects.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109208592","display_name":"Ora Lassila","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-9137","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-9137"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ora Lassila","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109208592"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1592,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81328413,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.8125,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.8125,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.03999999910593033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.03720000013709068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame-systems","display_name":"frame systems","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-oriented-programming","display_name":"object-oriented programming","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beef","display_name":"beef","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/common-lisp","display_name":"Common Lisp","score":0.652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expert-systems","display_name":"expert systems","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-representation","display_name":"knowledge representation","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language-design","display_name":"programming language design","score":0.42800000309944153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.7517669200897217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7302902340888977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190883126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132874","display_name":"Lisp","level":2,"score":0.7045301198959351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779353305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849146","display_name":"Common Lisp","level":3,"score":0.6071041822433472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.5778803825378418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.551945686340332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778029271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421931","display_name":"Extension (predicate logic)","level":2,"score":0.5110915303230286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5026390552520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73752529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79872","display_name":"Object-oriented programming","level":2,"score":0.4800366163253784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161301231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3478658","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","level":2,"score":0.45344358682632446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3973984122276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.3604211211204529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:60580390","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.lassila.org/publications/1990/frames-or-objects.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1763974914","https://openalex.org/W2020475839","https://openalex.org/W2068606617","https://openalex.org/W2082514774","https://openalex.org/W2115164315","https://openalex.org/W2161825580","https://openalex.org/W2175268987"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2129126873","https://openalex.org/W2406844644","https://openalex.org/W1973047401","https://openalex.org/W1496379252","https://openalex.org/W2181399144","https://openalex.org/W2012910867","https://openalex.org/W128616808","https://openalex.org/W3009747623","https://openalex.org/W791557053","https://openalex.org/W1888697204"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"discusses":[2],"the":[3,16,39],"differences":[4],"and":[5,11,14,42,65],"similarities":[6],"of":[7,18,22,44,46,50],"object-oriented":[8,48],"programming":[9,64],"systems":[10,59],"frame":[12,25,36],"systems,":[13],"advocates":[15],"amalgamation":[17],"these":[19],"two":[20],"kinds":[21],"systems.":[23],"A":[24],"system":[26,37],"called":[27],"BEEF":[28],"is":[29],"introduced.":[30],"It":[31],"provides,":[32],"in":[33],"addition":[34],"to":[35],"characteristics,":[38],"basic":[40],"functionality":[41],"ease":[43],"use":[45],"an":[47],"extension":[49],"Common":[51],"Lisp,":[52],"making":[53],"it":[54],"well":[55],"suited":[56],"for":[57],"knowledge-based":[58],"development,":[60],"both":[61],"as":[62],"a":[63,66],"knowledge":[67],"representation":[68],"tool.":[69]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}