{"id":"https://openalex.org/W601212136","doi":null,"title":"The First Liberian Civil War: The Crises of Underdevelopment","display_name":"The First Liberian Civil War: The Crises of Underdevelopment","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-12-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W601212136","mag":"601212136"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016453075","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip078/2007000758.html","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024057366","display_name":"George Klay Kieh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"George George Klay Kieh","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024057366"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5728,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90708393,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10070","display_name":"Political Conflict and Governance","score":0.7490000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10070","display_name":"Political Conflict and Governance","score":0.7490000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14395","display_name":"African history and culture studies","score":0.21140000224113464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13162","display_name":"African Studies and Ethnography","score":0.024399999529123306,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underdevelopment","display_name":"underdevelopment","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neocolonialism","display_name":"neocolonialism","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethnic-conflict","display_name":"ethnic conflict","score":0.7409999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-formation","display_name":"state formation","score":0.4819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-economy","display_name":"political economy","score":0.43799999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-crisis","display_name":"cultural crisis","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-crisis","display_name":"social crisis","score":0.753000020980835}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32561294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2476047","display_name":"Underdevelopment","level":2,"score":0.9836151599884033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81631423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10859","display_name":"Spanish Civil War","level":2,"score":0.8071317672729492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.6356408596038818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137403100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41710","display_name":"Ethnic group","level":2,"score":0.6209262609481812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C531593650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7167","display_name":"Colonialism","level":2,"score":0.6168988943099976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.6091262102127075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5519235134124756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.5354934334754944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.4971762001514435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.28855130076408386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.1479792296886444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.13097715377807617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016453075","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip078/2007000758.html","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:601212136","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA86000085","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.8999999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1549102968","https://openalex.org/W6945114719","https://openalex.org/W7100367941","https://openalex.org/W22580283","https://openalex.org/W2989692116","https://openalex.org/W2118155101","https://openalex.org/W4412165286","https://openalex.org/W2254832485","https://openalex.org/W2218672325","https://openalex.org/W7061823003"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"book":[1,27],"challenges":[2],"the":[3,7,20,26,30,33,36,50],"dominant":[4],"view":[5],"that":[6,29],"first":[8],"Liberian":[9,52],"civil":[10],"war":[11,31],"was":[12,32],"caused":[13],"by":[14,49],"ethno-cultural":[15],"antagonisms":[16],"between":[17],"and":[18,45],"among":[19],"country's":[21],"various":[22],"ethnic":[23],"groups.":[24],"Alternatively,":[25],"argues":[28],"consequence":[34],"of":[35,39],"multifaceted":[37],"crises":[38],"underdevelopment":[40],"-":[41,47],"cultural,":[42],"economic,":[43],"political,":[44],"social":[46],"generated":[48],"neo-colonial":[51],"State.":[53]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
