{"id":"https://openalex.org/W597253231","doi":null,"title":"IS DISPERSAL THE ANSWER TO URBAN \"OVERGROWTH\"?","display_name":"IS DISPERSAL THE ANSWER TO URBAN \"OVERGROWTH\"?","publication_year":1970,"publication_date":"1970-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W597253231","mag":"597253231"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:597253231","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://trid.trb.org/view/90426","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306533963","display_name":"Urban Land","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Urban Land","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114258684","display_name":"Jerome P. Pickard","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jerome Pickard","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5114258684"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3546,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89776275,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11014","display_name":"Agglomeration and Urban Systems","score":0.3206000030040741,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11014","display_name":"Agglomeration and Urban Systems","score":0.3206000030040741,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12011","display_name":"Insurance, Mortality, Demography, Risk Management","score":0.2442999929189682,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13618","display_name":"Regional Socio-Economic Development Trends","score":0.1460999995470047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population-growth-projection","display_name":"population growth projection","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urbanization","display_name":"urbanization","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metropolitan-growth","display_name":"metropolitan growth","score":0.5529999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population-distribution","display_name":"population distribution","score":0.5379999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-sprawl","display_name":"urban sprawl","score":0.5059999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/suburbanization","display_name":"suburbanization","score":0.4390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population-doubling-time","display_name":"population doubling time","score":0.3569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-planning","display_name":"urban planning","score":0.32499998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/los-angeles","display_name":"Los Angeles","score":0.42399999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/new-york-city","display_name":"New York City","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chicago","display_name":"Chicago","score":0.5519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/san-francisco-bay-area","display_name":"San Francisco Bay Area","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regional-population-change","display_name":"regional population change","score":0.3499999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/2000-population-estimates","display_name":"2000 population estimates","score":0.6399999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use-planning","display_name":"land use planning","score":0.33399999141693115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.7461024522781372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39853841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161078","display_name":"Urbanization","level":2,"score":0.7208726406097412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77352025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386191","display_name":"Population growth","level":3,"score":0.6852861046791077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.6622284054756165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778680390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2369019","display_name":"Population projection","level":4,"score":0.6091861128807068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158739034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1907114","display_name":"Metropolitan area","level":2,"score":0.5507125854492188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.48921632766723633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49388559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7249459","display_name":"Projections of population growth","level":4,"score":0.47464069724082947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.47153860330581665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21992297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q733683","display_name":"Net migration rate","level":4,"score":0.4559931457042694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.20538398623466492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14209559559822083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.083609938621521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.08137398958206177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.06718632578849792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:597253231","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://trid.trb.org/view/90426","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306533963","display_name":"Urban Land","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Urban Land","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.7250000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1576639250","https://openalex.org/W1503504393","https://openalex.org/W1590034557","https://openalex.org/W2335276452","https://openalex.org/W2575614762","https://openalex.org/W2303800671","https://openalex.org/W2323437568","https://openalex.org/W7171329184","https://openalex.org/W2795711466","https://openalex.org/W2019947253"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,47,285,292,386],"STUDY":[1],"WAS":[2],"CONDUCTED":[3],"TO":[4,13,21,36,43,63,97,150,156,163,174,181,191,201,234,354,359,369,384],"DETERMINE":[5],"THE":[6,25,40,44,52,56,65,70,82,86,116,119,132,141,144,152,159,170,176,194,207,212,216,258,302,315,330,337,341,345,363,373,381,393],"PROBABLE":[7],"COURSE":[8],"OF":[9,28,39,115,135,167,206,215,218,222,260,277,281,291,295,314,340,365,376],"POPULATION":[10,31,42,71,110,117,137,293],"GROWTH":[11,27,59,88,111,217,294,312],"AND":[12,55,85,158,178,183,228,243,250,255,317,333,344,350,357,368,392],"ESTIMATE":[14],"PUBLIC":[15],"RESOURCES":[16],"THAT":[17,69,106],"WILL":[18,72,90,172],"BE":[19,355],"REQUIRED":[20],"MEET":[22],"FUTURE":[23,311],"NEEDS.":[24],"HISTORICAL":[26],"U.":[29],"S.":[30],"IS":[32,49,67,103,138,263,306,323],"EXAMINED":[33],"IN":[34,77,95,99,118,131,211,298,301,308],"ORDER":[35],"MAKE":[37],"PROJECTIONS":[38],"TOTAL":[41],"YEAR":[45,83,120],"2000.":[46],"TABLE":[48],"PRESENTED":[50,139,307],"SHOWING":[51],"DOUBLING":[53],"RATE":[54,60,89],"MEAN":[57],"ANNUAL":[58,87],"FROM":[61,93,148,154],"1805":[62,96],"1967.":[64],"PROJECTION":[66,214],"MADE":[68],"DOUBLE":[73],"(TO":[74],"400":[75],"MILLION)":[76],"69":[78],"YEARS,":[79],"I.E.,":[80],"BY":[81],"2036":[84],"HAVE":[91,235,267,279],"DECREASED":[92,161],"3%":[94],"1%":[98],"2036.":[100],"ALSO":[101,264,336],"THERE":[102,322],"SOME":[104],"EVIDENCE":[105],"WITH":[107,165],"INCREASING":[108],"URBANIZATION,":[109],"RATES":[112],"DIMINISH.":[113],"ESTIMATES":[114],"2000":[121,248,256],"APPROXIMATE":[122],"300":[123],"MILLION":[124,297],"PLUS":[125],"OR":[126,270,283],"MINUS":[127],"12":[128,195],"MILLION.":[129],"CHANGES":[130],"GEOGRAPHICAL":[133],"DISTRIBUTION":[134,290],"U.S.":[136,316],"FOR":[140,203,288,325],"YEARS":[142,305],"1800-1960:":[143],"NORTH":[145,179],"REGION":[146],"INCREASED":[147],"50%":[149],"54%,":[151],"WEST":[153,171],"7%":[155],"15.5%":[157],"SOUTH":[160,177],"43%":[162],"30.5%.":[164],"CONTINUATION":[166],"PAST":[168],"TRENDS,":[169],"ADVANCE":[173],"22%,":[175],"DROPPING":[180],"26%":[182],"52%":[184],"RESPECTIVELY.":[185],"ALL":[186],"URBAN":[187,197,342,366,390],"REGIONS":[188,198,231],"ARE":[189,199,221,232,271,320],"PROJECTED":[190,233],"GAIN":[192],"POPULATION;":[193],"MAJOR":[196],"EXPECTED":[200],"ACCOUNT":[202],"APPROXIMATELY":[204],"85%":[205],"ENTIRE":[208],"NET":[209],"INCREASE":[210],"NATION.":[213],"METROPOLITAN":[219],"AREAS":[220,247,391],"MASSIVE":[223],"DIMENSIONS;":[224],"BOTH":[225],"LOS":[226],"ANGELES":[227],"NEW":[229,261,299,377],"YORK":[230],"URBANIZATION":[236],"APPROACHING":[237],"5000":[238],"SQ.":[239],"MI.":[240],"EACH,":[241,249],"CHICAGO":[242],"SAN":[244],"FRANCISCO":[245],"BAY":[246],"10":[251],"OTHERS":[252],"BETWEEN":[253,389],"1000":[254],"EACH.":[257],"ESTABLISHMENT":[259],"COMMUNITIES":[262,300,378],"DISCUSSED;":[265],"63":[266],"BEEN":[268],"COMPLETED":[269],"UNDER":[272],"CONSTRUCTION":[273],"SINCE":[274],"1947,":[275],"35":[276],"WHICH":[278],"POPULATIONS":[280],"50,000":[282],"MORE.":[284],"POSSIBLE":[286],"MODEL":[287],"GEOGRAPHIC":[289],"30":[296,304],"NEXT":[303],"TABULAR":[309],"FORM.":[310],"PROBLEMS":[313],"THEIR":[318],"IMPLICATIONS":[319],"DISCUSSED,":[321],"NEED":[324,353],"CONCERN":[326],"NOT":[327],"ONLY":[328],"ABOUT":[329],"PHYSICAL":[331],"PLAN":[332],"ENVIRONMENT,":[334],"BUT":[335],"SOCIAL":[338],"ENVIRONMENT":[339],"COMMUNITY":[343],"ECONOMIC":[346],"FACTORS.":[347],"NATIONAL":[348],"POLICIES":[349],"DEVELOPMENT":[351,367,375],"PLANNING":[352],"BROAD":[356],"FAR-REACHING":[358],"IMPROVE":[360],"LAND":[361],"USAGE,":[362],"APPEARANCE":[364],"AVOID":[370],"ENVIRONMENTAL":[371],"POLLUTION.":[372],"PLANNED":[374],"MAY":[379],"OFFER":[380],"BEST":[382],"OPPORTUNITY":[383],"ESTABLISH":[385],"SUPERIOR":[387],"COMPATIBILITY":[388],"NATURAL":[394],"ENVIRONMENT.":[395]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}