{"id":"https://openalex.org/W596759841","doi":null,"title":"The fourth dimension in building : strategies for minimizing obsolescence","display_name":"The fourth dimension in building : strategies for minimizing obsolescence","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W596759841","mag":"596759841"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:596759841","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA36126398","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463641","display_name":"National Academies Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"National Academy Press eBooks","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"book","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058959376","display_name":"Donald G. Iselin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donald G. Iselin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015253587","display_name":"Andrew C. Lemer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew C. Lemer","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.1689008,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14138","display_name":"Life Cycle Costing Analysis","score":0.8109999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14138","display_name":"Life Cycle Costing Analysis","score":0.8109999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13263","display_name":"Building energy efficiency and sustainability","score":0.03530000150203705,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14014","display_name":"Transportation Systems and Infrastructure","score":0.03229999914765358,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/building-design","display_name":"building design","score":0.5600000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-facilities","display_name":"public facilities","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-regulation","display_name":"environmental regulation","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-regulation","display_name":"health regulation","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/building-service-life","display_name":"building service life","score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/building-life-cycle","display_name":"building life cycle","score":0.3499999940395355}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30795975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282744","display_name":"Obsolescence","level":2,"score":0.9895968437194824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780031656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q859161","display_name":"Glossary","level":2,"score":0.8767675161361694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.6800730228424072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.4386391341686249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.38162684440612793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3201780915260315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3121023178100586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19796893000602722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.1620086133480072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.07610103487968445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:596759841","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA36126398","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463641","display_name":"National Academies Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"National Academy Press eBooks","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.761900007724762,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.46000000834465027,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life on land"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2130994990","https://openalex.org/W3116622109","https://openalex.org/W1528639124","https://openalex.org/W3015602881","https://openalex.org/W4416152235","https://openalex.org/W4361200752","https://openalex.org/W4231277655","https://openalex.org/W2994341470","https://openalex.org/W2554539870","https://openalex.org/W7110891976"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"1":[0],"Front":[1],"Matter":[2],"2":[3],"Executive":[4],"Summary":[5],"3":[6],"Introduction":[7],"4":[8],"Obsolescence":[9,18,21,54],"in":[10,22],"Facilities":[11,24],"5":[12],"Actions":[13],"and":[14,33,47,62,67],"Strategies":[15],"for":[16],"Avoiding":[17,20],"6":[19],"Public":[23],"7":[25],"Appendix":[26,36,42,56,71,77],"A:":[27],"Biographical":[28],"Sketches":[29],"of":[30,39,52,65],"Committee":[31],"Members":[32],"Staff":[34],"8":[35],"B:":[37],"Glossary":[38],"Terms":[40],"9":[41],"C:":[43],"Workshop":[44],"on":[45],"Environmental":[46],"Health":[48],"Regulations":[49],"as":[50],"Sources":[51],"Facility":[53],"10":[55],"D:":[57],"Predicting":[58],"Performance,":[59],"Service":[60],"Life,":[61],"Physical":[63],"Life":[64],"Buildings":[66],"Their":[68],"Components":[69],"11":[70],"E:":[72],"Hospital":[73],"Building":[74],"Systems":[75],"12":[76],"F:":[78],"Annotated":[79],"Bibliography":[80]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}