{"id":"https://openalex.org/W59288216","doi":null,"title":"Predicting Consumer Outshopping Activity: A Propensity to Outshop Scale","display_name":"Predicting Consumer Outshopping Activity: A Propensity to Outshop Scale","publication_year":1989,"publication_date":"1989-06-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W59288216","mag":"59288216"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:59288216","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1G1-7690411/predicting-consumer-outshopping-activity-a-propensity","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017591803","display_name":"Jo Anne Stilley Hopper","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jo Anne Stilley Hopper","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110278368","display_name":"Michael Craig Budden","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Budden","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"2","first_page":"40","last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11536","display_name":"Consumer Retail Behavior Studies","score":0.9291999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11536","display_name":"Consumer Retail Behavior Studies","score":0.9291999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11161","display_name":"Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing","score":0.06870000064373016,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14244","display_name":"Consumer Behavior and Marketing Influence","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retail-competition","display_name":"retail competition","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shopping-trips","display_name":"shopping trips","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consumer-behavior","display_name":"consumer behavior","score":0.3580000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale-development","display_name":"scale development","score":0.5899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/small-towns","display_name":"small towns","score":0.3869999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product-choice","display_name":"product selection","score":0.30799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consumer-typology","display_name":"consumer typology","score":0.32600000500679016}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.7412787675857544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6153919696807861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5720439553260803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5691282749176025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5394092798233032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.5304027795791626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23213687","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q301468","display_name":"Consumer behaviour","level":2,"score":0.4521810710430145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.42060911655426025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54750564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26643","display_name":"Commerce","level":1,"score":0.3687235116958618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.24095001816749573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.07327306270599365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:59288216","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1G1-7690411/predicting-consumer-outshopping-activity-a-propensity","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2071054200","https://openalex.org/W649570390","https://openalex.org/W2024183090","https://openalex.org/W109575597","https://openalex.org/W2017033835","https://openalex.org/W1963591076","https://openalex.org/W2082025854","https://openalex.org/W2184921491","https://openalex.org/W7003520885","https://openalex.org/W2470409292"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Predicting":[0],"Consumer":[1,174],"Outshopping":[2,80],"Activity:":[3],"A":[4,471],"Propensity":[5],"to":[6,27,61,67,72,188,195,243,248,279,295,303,316,329,352,399,420,477,485,499,511,524,537,562,574,579],"Outshop":[7],"Scale":[8],"Retailers":[9],"are":[10,39,209,444],"daily":[11],"immersed":[12],"in":[13,41,82,87,220,370,389,447,457,503,517,564],"an":[14,495,520],"environment":[15],"of":[16,23,47,95,101,112,115,123,136,181,254,275,292,307,310,325,335,338,355,377,493,569,594],"intense":[17],"competition.":[18],"The":[19,92,240,273,323,363,381,505],"more":[20,137],"prevalent":[21],"view":[22],"retail":[24,218,223,264],"competition":[25,42],"is":[26,77,106,278,328,345,383],"appraise":[28],"the":[29,33,113,120,221,252,260,290,299,308,332,336,353,366,400,421,448,479,491,529,546,565,570,581,587,592,599],"retailers":[30,38,44],"located":[31,45,445],"within":[32,451,528],"local":[34,64,103,124,222,263],"trading":[35,50,65,104,121,224],"area,":[36,450],"but":[37,85],"often":[40],"with":[43,217,262,466],"outside":[46,100],"their":[48,63,102,584],"primary":[49,210],"area":[51,66,105,122,225],"and":[52,90,166,169,183,207,266,321,358,406,412,427,439,456,515,586],"city":[53,530],"or":[54,597],"town":[55,97,382],"geographic":[56],"limits.":[57,531],"Many":[58],"consumers":[59],"prefer":[60],"leave":[62],"visit":[68],"nearby":[69],"larger":[70,116],"cities":[71,84,117,388],"shop;":[73],"this":[74,276,326],"retailing":[75],"phenomenon":[76],"called":[78],"outshopping.":[79],"occurs":[81],"all":[83],"primarily":[86],"smaller":[88,96,440],"towns":[89],"cities.":[91],"median":[93],"percentage":[94],"residents":[98,405,426,539,559,571],"shopping":[99,339,409,437,454],"approximately":[107,378,403,424,463],"65%,":[108],"while":[109],"about":[110],"20%":[111],"population":[114,309,376],"shop":[118,176],"beyond":[119],"merchants":[125,443],"[8,":[126,235],"13].":[127],"Researchers":[128],"have":[129,142],"examined":[130],"consumer":[131,213,233],"outshopping":[132,154,198,214,234,356],"over":[133,552],"a":[134,178,281,293,304,311,346,375,458,487],"period":[135],"than":[138],"twenty":[139],"years.":[140],"Studies":[141],"investigated":[143],"products":[144,182],"purchased":[145],"by":[146,251,342],"outshoppers":[147,175,284],"[3,4,":[148],"5,":[149,163,172,191],"6,":[150],"13],":[151,159,165],"motivations":[152,196,211],"for":[153,177,197,212,232,365,490],"behavior":[155],"[4,":[156,171],"11,":[157,238],"12,":[158],"demographic":[160],"profiles":[161],"[3,":[162,190],"8,":[164],"outshopper":[167],"orientations":[168],"typologies":[170],"7].":[173],"wide":[179],"range":[180],"services":[184],"varying":[185],"from":[186,557],"appliances":[187],"restaurants":[189],"8].":[192],"In":[193,483],"regard":[194],"behavior,":[199],"previous":[200],"research":[201],"has":[202,226,374,402,407,423,428,462],"indicated":[203],"that":[204,349,461],"selection,":[205],"price,":[206],"quality":[208],"[6].":[215],"Dissatisfaction":[216],"offerings":[219],"been":[227],"cited":[228],"as":[229,257,259,432,434],"another":[230],"motivation":[231],"9,":[236],"10,":[237],"12].":[239],"outshoppers'":[241],"attraction":[242],"out-of-town":[244,255],"merchants'":[245],"facilities":[246,256,265],"appears":[247],"be":[249,286,314],"influenced":[250],"attractiveness":[253],"well":[258,433],"discontentment":[261],"product":[267],"offerings.":[268],"FOCUS":[269],"OF":[270],"THE":[271],"STUDY":[272],"focus":[274,330],"study":[277,327,367,492],"develop":[280],"method":[282],"whereby":[283],"can":[285],"accurately":[287,317],"predicted":[288],"through":[289],"use":[291],"propensity":[294],"outshop":[296],"scale.":[297],"Thus,":[298,519],"scale,":[300],"when":[301],"administered":[302],"representative":[305],"sample":[306],"city,":[312],"could":[313],"used":[315,476,510],"discriminate":[318],"between":[319,385],"inshoppers":[320],"outshoppers.":[322],"approach":[324],"on":[331,598],"macro":[333],"measure":[334,348],"number":[337],"trips":[340],"made":[341,498,523,535],"consumers,":[343],"which":[344],"generalized":[347],"should":[350],"apply":[351],"majority":[354],"environments":[357],"situations.":[359],"METHODOLOGY":[360],"Data":[361],"Collection":[362],"data":[364,548],"were":[368,541,555,577,589],"collected":[369,590],"Hammond,":[371],"Louisiana.":[372],"Hammond":[373,558],"25,000":[379],"residents.":[380],"situated":[384],"two":[386,393,429],"major":[387,468],"Louisiana":[390],"connected":[391],"via":[392],"interstate":[394],"highways.":[395],"New":[396],"Orleans,33":[397],"miles":[398,419],"south,":[401],"1,000,000":[404],"many":[408],"centers,":[410,455],"malls,":[411],"active":[413],"CBD":[414],"retailers.":[415],"Baton":[416],"Rouge,":[417],"45":[418],"west,":[422],"250,000":[425],"regional":[430],"malls":[431],"several":[435,452],"community":[436,453],"centers":[438],"malls.":[441],"Hammond's":[442],"predominantly":[446],"downtown":[449],"multilevel":[459],"mall":[460],"80":[464],"stores":[465],"3":[467],"department":[469],"stores.":[470],"drop-off,":[472],"self-report":[473],"questionnaire":[474],"was":[475,497,509,522,534],"gather":[478],"information":[480],"inthe":[481],"study.":[482],"order":[484],"provide":[486],"comprehensive":[488],"database":[489],"outshopping,":[494],"effort":[496,521],"contact":[500,525,538,596],"each":[501,513],"household":[502,527],"Hammond.":[504,518],"city's":[506],"official":[507],"map":[508],"identify":[512],"street":[514],"road":[516],"every":[526],"An":[532],"attempt":[533],"later":[536],"who":[540,560],"not":[542],"at":[543,583],"home":[544],"during":[545,591],"initial":[547],"collection":[549],"period.":[550],"Slightly":[551],"1,000":[553],"questionnaires":[554,582],"gathered":[556],"agreed":[561,573],"participate":[563],"survey.":[566],"Approximately":[567],"95%":[568],"contacted":[572],"participate.":[575],"Respondents":[576],"asked":[578],"complete":[580],"leisure,":[585],"instruments":[588],"day":[593],"original":[595],"following":[600],"day.":[601],"\u2026":[602]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
