{"id":"https://openalex.org/W591859535","doi":null,"title":"Prophylaxis against nerve agent toxicity: Physiological, behavioral, and neuroprotection of current and novel treatments","display_name":"Prophylaxis against nerve agent toxicity: Physiological, behavioral, and neuroprotection of current and novel treatments","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W591859535","mag":"591859535"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:oai-pmh.tno.nl:20394","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://resolver.tno.nl/uuid:40e34a26-e513-49c1-bba3-8d8359ade036","pdf_url":"https://publications.tno.nl/publication/34610640/23EeCQ/2007-BU4-DT-Proc-016-Philippens-Prophylaxis.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055233","display_name":"TNO Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://publications.tno.nl/publication/34610640/23EeCQ/2007-BU4-DT-Proc-016-Philippens-Prophylaxis.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047769806","display_name":"Ingrid H.C.H.M. Philippens","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9618-0186","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9618-0186"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148297040","display_name":"Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01bnjb948","country_code":"NL","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148297040"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ingrid H.C.H.M. Philippens","raw_affiliation_strings":["Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9618-0186","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148297040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031609252","display_name":"Marjan J. Jongsma","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marjan J. Jongsma","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044394854","display_name":"Marloes J.A. Joosen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0626-6980","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0626-6980"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marloes J.A. Joosen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0626-6980","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040879930","display_name":"G. Bouwman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Bouwman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080747687","display_name":"Raymond A.P. Vanwersch","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raymond A.P. Vanwersch","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.06976744,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10875","display_name":"Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity","score":0.9603999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3005","display_name":"Toxicology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10875","display_name":"Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity","score":0.9603999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3005","display_name":"Toxicology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12023","display_name":"Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases","score":0.0284000001847744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11635","display_name":"Poisoning and overdose treatments","score":0.0052999998442828655,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2711","display_name":"Emergency Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soman","display_name":"soman","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prophylaxis","display_name":"prophylaxis","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pretreatment","display_name":"pretreatment","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physostigmine","display_name":"physostigmine","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/procyclidine","display_name":"procyclidine","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scopolamine","display_name":"scopolamine","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pyridostigmine","display_name":"pyridostigmine","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cholinesterase-inhibitors","display_name":"cholinesterase inhibitors","score":0.6340000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroprotection","display_name":"neuroprotection","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypothermia","display_name":"hypothermia","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seizures","display_name":"seizures","score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"EEG","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marmoset-monkey","display_name":"marmoset monkey","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/guinea-pig","display_name":"guinea pig","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atropine","display_name":"atropine","score":0.48100000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/osmotic-minipump","display_name":"osmotic minipump","score":0.6079999804496765}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780266723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408044","display_name":"Soman","level":4,"score":0.9242163896560669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776663719","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410595","display_name":"Physostigmine","level":3,"score":0.7376008033752441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778706303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2612896","display_name":"Nerve agent","level":4,"score":0.7224354147911072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.6010133028030396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780292010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187695","display_name":"Sarin","level":4,"score":0.5898199677467346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775859210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26272","display_name":"Atropine","level":2,"score":0.5830243825912476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.5565038323402405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29730261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274160","display_name":"Toxicity","level":2,"score":0.5300835371017456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31896038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415635","display_name":"Cholinesterase","level":2,"score":0.5146101713180542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4895373284816742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776453536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19829485","display_name":"Marmoset","level":2,"score":0.43412086367607117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.2916349172592163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778816929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22676679","display_name":"Acetylcholinesterase","level":3,"score":0.28376704454421997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.1751604676246643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.10492214560508728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775910092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180623","display_name":"Acetylcholine","level":2,"score":0.09586867690086365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:oai-pmh.tno.nl:20394","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://resolver.tno.nl/uuid:40e34a26-e513-49c1-bba3-8d8359ade036","pdf_url":"https://publications.tno.nl/publication/34610640/23EeCQ/2007-BU4-DT-Proc-016-Philippens-Prophylaxis.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055233","display_name":"TNO Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:tudelft.nl:uuid:40e34a26-e513-49c1-bba3-8d8359ade036","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:40e34a26-e513-49c1-bba3-8d8359ade036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402238","display_name":"Repository hosted by TU Delft Library (TU Delft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","host_organization_name":"Delft University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"HFM-149 Symposium 'Defense against the Effects of Chemical Hazards: Toxicology, Diagnosis and Medical Countermeasures', Edinburgh, Scotland (GBR), 8-10 October 2007","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:tno:oai:tudelft.nl:uuid:40e34a26-e513-49c1-bba3-8d8359ade036","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:40e34a26-e513-49c1-bba3-8d8359ade036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"mag:591859535","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.tno.nl/islandora/object/uuid%3A40e34a26-e513-49c1-bba3-8d8359ade036","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:oai-pmh.tno.nl:20394","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://resolver.tno.nl/uuid:40e34a26-e513-49c1-bba3-8d8359ade036","pdf_url":"https://publications.tno.nl/publication/34610640/23EeCQ/2007-BU4-DT-Proc-016-Philippens-Prophylaxis.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055233","display_name":"TNO Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.98580002784729,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W591859535.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W591859535.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W6676750","https://openalex.org/W54076119","https://openalex.org/W178598371","https://openalex.org/W649744086","https://openalex.org/W1608640955","https://openalex.org/W1963744423","https://openalex.org/W1973177829","https://openalex.org/W1975104806","https://openalex.org/W1978714737","https://openalex.org/W1982076782","https://openalex.org/W1982121227","https://openalex.org/W1988530810","https://openalex.org/W1992160232","https://openalex.org/W2002196649","https://openalex.org/W2013741061","https://openalex.org/W2015875474","https://openalex.org/W2017078912","https://openalex.org/W2025968591","https://openalex.org/W2029138361","https://openalex.org/W2032095871","https://openalex.org/W2042099683","https://openalex.org/W2044250818","https://openalex.org/W2044882534","https://openalex.org/W2047175770","https://openalex.org/W2048489815","https://openalex.org/W2048700405","https://openalex.org/W2051206377","https://openalex.org/W2052181976","https://openalex.org/W2059623294","https://openalex.org/W2062386711","https://openalex.org/W2063663273","https://openalex.org/W2064433369","https://openalex.org/W2072988210","https://openalex.org/W2079812241","https://openalex.org/W2080559472","https://openalex.org/W2081726204","https://openalex.org/W2098264812","https://openalex.org/W2102430807","https://openalex.org/W2139747640","https://openalex.org/W2141592420","https://openalex.org/W2343064480"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2123441721","https://openalex.org/W2062386711","https://openalex.org/W2132975334","https://openalex.org/W2055122786","https://openalex.org/W2139747640","https://openalex.org/W1976640618","https://openalex.org/W1509050226","https://openalex.org/W348060919","https://openalex.org/W1967134212","https://openalex.org/W7099838435"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Compounds":[0],"with":[1,166,191,219,294],"another":[2],"mechanism":[3],"of":[4,42,60,104,126,214,222,248,310,346,382,400,408],"action":[5],"than":[6],"enzyme":[7],"inhibition":[8],"alone":[9],"were":[10,49,78,92,113,135,144],"tested":[11],"in":[12,35,51,58,74,122,133,201,255,292],"their":[13],"capability":[14],"to":[15,45,97,155,210,241,257,290,332,351,365,374,403,411],"counteract":[16],"or":[17,30,384],"prevent":[18,352,366,375],"incapacitation":[19,353],"and":[20,68,88,173,186,206,216,235,325,354,357,369,415],"lethality":[21],"after":[22,117,163,267],"2xLD50":[23],"soman":[24,98,156,268],"when":[25],"used":[26,395],"as":[27,31,107,264,396],"a":[28,32,108,123,220,265],"pretreatment":[29,131,300,320],"post-intoxication":[33],"therapy":[34,110,266,397],"guinea":[36,76,127,202,261],"pigs.":[37,262],"To":[38,100],"increase":[39],"the":[40,75,102,111,118,140,142,212,229,270,275,297,319,338,344,362,390,406],"validity":[41],"extrapolating":[43],"data":[44],"man,":[46],"crucial":[47],"experiments":[48],"performed":[50],"marmoset":[52,141,317],"monkeys.":[53],"The":[54,71,129,197,237,378],"efficacy":[55,103],"was":[56,273,296],"evaluated":[57],"terms":[59],"survival,":[61],"intoxication":[62,183],"symptomatology,":[63],"hypotermia,":[64],"cortical":[65],"electro-encephalogram":[66],"(EEG)":[67],"behavioral":[69,207],"incapacitation.":[70,187],"treatment":[72,277],"scenarios":[73,132,225],"pigs":[77,128,203],"pyridostigmine":[79],"(PYR),":[80],"physostigmine":[81],"(PHY),":[82],"procyclidine":[83],"(PC),":[84],"PHY/scopolamine":[85],"(SCO),":[86],"PHY/PC,":[87],"(+)-PHY/PC.":[89],"These":[90,224],"treatments":[91,112,143],"given":[93],"30":[94],"minutes":[95],"prior":[96,154],"intoxication.":[99,157],"test":[101],"these":[105,249],"compounds":[106],"postintoxication":[109],"administered":[114,145],"on":[115,302,343,361],"indication":[116],"first":[119],"sign":[120,379],"appeared":[121],"parallell":[124],"group":[125,301],"subacute":[130],"marmosets":[134],"PYR,":[136],"PHY/SCO,":[137],"PHY/PC.":[138],"In":[139,316,336],"by":[146],"using":[147],"Alzet":[148],"osmotic":[149],"mini-pumps":[150],"inserted":[151],"twelve":[152],"days":[153],"All":[158,188],"animals":[159,189,250],"received":[160],"atropine":[161],"sulphate":[162],"soman.":[164],"Pretreatments":[165],"PYR":[167,192,333,391],"(0.05":[168],"mg/kg),":[169,172,285],"PHY":[170,311],"(0.3":[171],"PC":[174],"(3":[175],"mg/kg)":[176,218],"did":[177,226],"not":[178,280,288],"protect":[179],"sufficiently":[180],"against":[181,232],"lethality,":[182],"symptoms,":[184],"EEG":[185,252],"pretreated":[190,260],"deceased":[193],"within":[194],"24":[195],"hrs.":[196],"most":[198],"effective":[199],"pretreatments":[200],"regarding":[204],"survival":[205,221,401],"performance":[208],"showed":[209,240,251,328],"be":[211,242,412,417],"combinations":[213,321,381],"PHY/PC":[215,238,271,383,394,409],"PHY/SCO(0.1":[217],"100%.":[223],"also":[227,274,307],"offer":[228],"best":[230,276,299],"protection":[231],"hypothermia,":[233],"seizures":[234],"convulsions.":[236],"combination":[239,272,293,345,407],"even":[243],"more":[244],"protective,":[245],"since":[246],"none":[247],"seizure":[253,376],"activity,":[254],"contrast":[256],"some":[258],"PHY/SCO":[259,385],"Used":[263],"intoxication,":[269],"option,":[278],"although":[279],"fully":[281],"protective.":[282],"(+)PHY":[283],"(0.36":[284],"which":[286],"does":[287],"bind":[289],"cholinersterase,":[291],"PC,":[295],"second":[298],"survival.":[303,315],"This":[304],"means":[305],"that":[306],"direct":[308,359],"effects":[309,340,360],"is":[312],"responsible":[313],"for":[314,389],"monkeys,":[318],"PHY(0.0125":[322],"mg/kg/hr)/PC(0.125":[323],"mg/kg/hr)":[324,327],"PHY/SCO(0.01":[326],"minor":[329],"improvements":[330],"compared":[331,402],"(0.02":[334],"mg/kg/hr).":[335],"conclusion,":[337],"protective":[339],"are":[341,386],"based":[342],"1)":[347],"temporary":[348],"cholinesterase":[349],"inhibition,":[350],"peripheral":[355],"effects,":[356],"2)":[358],"cholinergic":[363],"receptor,":[364],"convulsive":[367],"behavior,":[368],"3)":[370],"NMDA":[371],"receptor":[372],"antagonism,":[373],"activity.":[377],"free":[380],"promising":[387,414],"alternatives":[388],"pretreatment.":[392],"Furthermore,":[393],"increases":[398],"chances":[399],"PHY/SCO.":[404],"Therefore,":[405],"seems":[410],"very":[413],"should":[416],"further":[418],"investigated.":[419]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
