{"id":"https://openalex.org/W590670524","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.02.041","title":"The Effect of Ethanol Blending on Combustion and Soot Formation in an Optical DISI Engine Using High-speed Imaging","display_name":"The Effect of Ethanol Blending on Combustion and Soot Formation in an Optical DISI Engine Using High-speed Imaging","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W590670524","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.02.041","mag":"590670524"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2015.02.041","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.02.041","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.02.041","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S75069817","display_name":"Energy Procedia","issn_l":"1876-6102","issn":["1876-6102"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energy Procedia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.02.041","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112242479","display_name":"Michael Storch","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Storch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Technische Thermodynamik (LTT) and Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU), Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Technische Thermodynamik (LTT) and Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070088815","display_name":"S. Erdenk\u00e4ufer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Erdenk\u00e4ufer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Technische Thermodynamik (LTT) and Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU), Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Technische Thermodynamik (LTT) and Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047344136","display_name":"Michael Wensing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5505-6456","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5505-6456"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Wensing","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Technische Thermodynamik (LTT) and Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU), Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Technische Thermodynamik (LTT) and Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051038836","display_name":"Stefan Will","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1226-0075","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1226-0075"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Will","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Technische Thermodynamik (LTT) and Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU), Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Technische Thermodynamik (LTT) and Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058837797","display_name":"Lars Zigan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-7653","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-7653"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"L. Zigan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Technische Thermodynamik (LTT) and Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU), Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Technische Thermodynamik (LTT) and Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058837797"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4986,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7568408,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"66","issue":null,"first_page":"77","last_page":"80"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10117","display_name":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1507","display_name":"Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10117","display_name":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1507","display_name":"Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10553","display_name":"Combustion and flame dynamics","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10507","display_name":"Biodiesel Production and Applications","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethanol-blending","display_name":"ethanol blending","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/e20","display_name":"E20","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spark-ignition-direct-injection-engine","display_name":"direct injection spark ignition engine","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soot-formation","display_name":"soot formation","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oh-chemiluminescence","display_name":"OH* chemiluminescence","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soot-radiation","display_name":"soot radiation","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-speed-imaging","display_name":"high-speed imaging","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/isooctane","display_name":"isooctane","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/droplet-combustion","display_name":"droplet combustion","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engine-load","display_name":"engine load","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biofuels","display_name":"biofuels","score":0.5889999866485596}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775925408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13174856","display_name":"Soot","level":3,"score":0.946237325668335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105923489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133235","display_name":"Combustion","level":2,"score":0.7822085618972778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103697071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39558","display_name":"Gasoline","level":2,"score":0.6734775304794312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5139138698577881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39573554","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q502048","display_name":"Petrol engine","level":3,"score":0.46093904972076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106169591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909434","display_name":"Combustion chamber","level":3,"score":0.4421156644821167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780161600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q153","display_name":"Ethanol","level":2,"score":0.42938053607940674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145802702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2931725","display_name":"Chemiluminescence","level":2,"score":0.4136332869529724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.39542508125305176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3273129463195801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.28859826922416687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.1725463569164276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.06465679407119751}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2015.02.041","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.02.041","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.02.041","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S75069817","display_name":"Energy Procedia","issn_l":"1876-6102","issn":["1876-6102"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energy Procedia","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2015.02.041","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.02.041","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.02.041","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S75069817","display_name":"Energy Procedia","issn_l":"1876-6102","issn":["1876-6102"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energy Procedia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8485000133514404,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2001985903","https://openalex.org/W2002108666","https://openalex.org/W2003765788","https://openalex.org/W2045776090","https://openalex.org/W2061133969","https://openalex.org/W2137907186","https://openalex.org/W2208990229","https://openalex.org/W2316200624","https://openalex.org/W4292331831"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1900807169","https://openalex.org/W2560194653","https://openalex.org/W1971589213","https://openalex.org/W2897686648","https://openalex.org/W2887209967","https://openalex.org/W2515682078","https://openalex.org/W2591042587","https://openalex.org/W7106845823","https://openalex.org/W4391597636","https://openalex.org/W4378697120"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Biofuel":[0],"components":[1],"exhibit":[2],"significantly":[3],"different":[4],"fuel":[5],"properties":[6],"as":[7,99],"compared":[8,100],"to":[9,12,48,101],"gasoline":[10],"leading":[11],"a":[13,68],"very":[14],"complex":[15],"chain":[16],"of":[17,25,44,109,123],"effects":[18,24],"in":[19],"engine":[20,63,115],"combustion.":[21],"Therefore,":[22],"the":[23,42,91,106,118],"varying":[26],"composition":[27],"on":[28],"mixture":[29],"formation,":[30],"combustion":[31,111,119],"and":[32,55,93,121],"soot":[33,56,79,94,124],"formation":[34,80,125],"can":[35],"hardly":[36],"be":[37],"predicted.":[38],"In":[39],"this":[40],"study,":[41],"influence":[43],"blending":[45],"20vol%":[46],"ethanol":[47],"isooctane":[49],"is":[50,75,112],"investigated":[51,128],"by":[52,77],"simultaneous":[53],"OH*-chemiluminescence":[54,92],"radiation":[57],"high-speed":[58],"imaging.":[59],"For":[60],"both":[61,127],"fuels":[62],"load":[64,116],"was":[65],"varied":[66],"for":[67,88,104,126],"typical":[69],"catalyst":[70],"heating":[71],"operating":[72],"point,":[73],"which":[74],"characterized":[76],"increased":[78],"probability.":[81],"The":[82],"study":[83],"reveals":[84],"an":[85],"unexpected":[86],"behavior":[87],"E20.":[89],"Both":[90],"luminosity":[95],"intensity":[96],"are":[97],"higher":[98],"isooctane.":[102],"Furthermore,":[103],"E20":[105],"occurrence":[107],"probability":[108,122],"droplet":[110],"increased.":[113],"High":[114],"increases":[117],"intensities":[120],"fuels.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-02T10:15:12.560889","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}