{"id":"https://openalex.org/W58484785","doi":null,"title":"Defensive Attribution: A Re-examination Distinguishing between Behavioral and Characterlogical Blame.","display_name":"Defensive Attribution: A Re-examination Distinguishing between Behavioral and Characterlogical Blame.","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W58484785","mag":"58484785"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:58484785","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED337718.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033201030","display_name":"Catherine Panzarella-Tse","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Catherine Panzarella-Tse","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009203147","display_name":"Pamela M. Mc Mahon","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pamela M. Mc Mahon","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.01255061,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11548","display_name":"Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies","score":0.614300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11548","display_name":"Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies","score":0.614300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12520","display_name":"Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment","score":0.156700000166893,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10314","display_name":"Social and Intergroup Psychology","score":0.1429000049829483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/victim-blaming","display_name":"victim blaming","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rape","display_name":"rape","score":0.4729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-similarity","display_name":"gender similarity","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-protection","display_name":"self-protection","score":0.5519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/victim-gender","display_name":"victim gender","score":0.32600000500679016}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781466463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q621695","display_name":"Blame","level":2,"score":0.9588109254837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143299363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900584","display_name":"Attribution","level":2,"score":0.9402679800987244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9719361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7928967","display_name":"Vignette","level":2,"score":0.8069778680801392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7571575045585632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.6870013475418091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9114305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428317","display_name":"Situational ethics","level":2,"score":0.4497053325176239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777152325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108163","display_name":"Proposition","level":2,"score":0.4293569326400757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.09950974583625793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:58484785","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED337718.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.6207000017166138,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"},{"display_name":"Gender equality","score":0.6025999784469604,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W198045370","https://openalex.org/W577025947","https://openalex.org/W1575789246","https://openalex.org/W2000553474","https://openalex.org/W2012851820","https://openalex.org/W2020021075","https://openalex.org/W2041038189","https://openalex.org/W2063844069","https://openalex.org/W2075222005","https://openalex.org/W2075722098","https://openalex.org/W2111421298","https://openalex.org/W2254978342","https://openalex.org/W3011103541"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7026716874","https://openalex.org/W2069645312","https://openalex.org/W2153351537","https://openalex.org/W2077662824","https://openalex.org/W2044879261","https://openalex.org/W7097898935","https://openalex.org/W2111421298","https://openalex.org/W2071572122","https://openalex.org/W2951589664","https://openalex.org/W2166724454"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Many":[0],"theories":[1],"have":[2],"been":[3,288,302],"proposed":[4],"to":[5,13,19,55,72,118,171,189,199,210],"explain":[6],"the":[7,9,56,78,85,92,125,137,145,153,158,172,177,197,201,228,235,293],"blaming":[8,42],"victim":[10,33,57,130,173],"phenomena":[11],"and":[12,52,97,167,248,255,278],"predict":[14],"who":[15,49,61,116],"is":[16,34,100],"most":[17],"likely":[18],"engage":[20],"in":[21,124,183],"this":[22,39,314],"behavior.":[23],"This":[24],"study":[25],"hypothesized":[26],"that":[27,155,182,230],"since":[28],"behavioral":[29,96,166,188],"blame":[30,75,99,170,191],"of":[31,41,87,147,157,176,262,274],"a":[32,119,122,129,193,206],"self-protective":[35],"for":[36,144,196,212],"an":[37],"observer,":[38],"type":[40],"will":[43],"be":[44],"evidenced":[45],"more":[46,76,165],"by":[47,59,152,225],"those":[48],"are":[50,62,82,227],"personally":[51,66],"situationally":[53,63],"similar":[54,64],"than":[58,77,174,218],"subjects":[60,156,175,186],"but":[65],"dissimilar.":[67],"The":[68,180,203],"latter":[69],"were":[70,106],"expected":[71],"utilize":[73],"characterlogical":[74,98,190,249],"former.":[79],"These":[80],"predictions":[81],"congruent":[83],"with":[84,128],"tenets":[86],"defensive":[88,148],"attribution":[89,149,209],"theory":[90,150],"once":[91],"important":[93],"distinction":[94],"between":[95],"taken":[101],"into":[102],"account.":[103],"Subjects":[104],"(N=30)":[105],"female":[107],"undergraduate":[108],"students":[109],"at":[110],"St.":[111],"Bonaventure":[112],"University":[113,254],"(New":[114],"York)":[115],"responded":[117],"vignette":[120],"describIng":[121],"rape":[123],"local":[126],"area,":[127],"named":[131],"either":[132],"John":[133],"or":[134,295,325],"Sue":[135],"providing":[136],"gender":[138,160],"manipulation.":[139],"Support":[140],"was":[141],"not":[142],"obtained":[143],"refo-mulation":[146],"represented":[151],"proposition":[154],"same":[159],"as":[161],"victims":[162,216],"would":[163],"attribute":[164],"less":[168],"characterlor!ical":[169],"opposite":[178],"gender.":[179],"fact":[181],"all":[184],"conditions":[185],"preferred":[187],"offers":[192],"possible":[194],"explanation":[195],"failure":[198],"support":[200],"hypotheses.":[202],"data":[204],"yielded":[205],"significantly":[207],"greater":[208],"chance":[211],"scenarios":[213],"involving":[214],"male":[215],"rather":[217],"remale":[219],"victims.":[220],"(LLL)":[221],"***********************************************************************":[222],"Reproductions":[223],"supplied":[224],"EDRS":[226],"best":[229],"can":[231],"De":[232],"made":[233,303],"from":[234],"original":[236],"document.":[237],"********t**************************************************************":[238],"Defensive":[239,241],"Attribution":[240],"Attribution:":[242],"A":[243],"Re-examination":[244],"Distinguishing":[245],"Between":[246],"Behavioral":[247],"Blame":[250],"Catherine":[251],"Panzarella-Tse":[252],"Temple":[253],"Pamela":[256],"M.":[257],"Mc":[258],"Mahon":[259],"Southern":[260],"College":[261],"Technology":[263],"Running":[264],"Head:":[265],"DEFENSIVE":[266],"ATTRIBUTION":[267],"U.S":[268],"DEPARTMENT":[269],"OF":[270,322],"EDUCATION":[271],"Cdt.":[272],"e":[273],"E":[275],"ducehonatt":[276],"Research":[277],"fmprevement":[279],"EOUCATIONAL":[280],"RESOURCES":[281],"INFORMATION":[282],"CENTER":[283],"IERICI":[284],"7Tn.s":[285],"document":[286],"has":[287],"reproduced":[289],"IR":[290],"recered":[291],"f.orn":[292],"oerriOn":[294],"organi:atmn":[296],"ortspnaten":[297],"et":[298],"POMO/":[299],"etillegeS":[300],"Mere":[301],"ro":[304],".mProve":[305],"renroctuebbn":[306],"Qv/my":[307],"Fomts":[308],"ot":[309],"weer)?":[310],"Op.monS":[311],"stated":[312],"ift":[313],"(mu-.":[315],"ment":[316],"de":[317],"hot":[318],"rieresaartly":[319],"repreSertt":[320],"orfre.st":[321],"fit":[323],"postlion":[324],"pofic}":[326],"PERMISSION":[327],"TO":[328],"REPRODUCE":[329],"THIS":[330],"MATERIAL.":[331],"HAS":[332],"BEEN":[333],"GRANTED":[334],"BY":[335]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
