{"id":"https://openalex.org/W580121241","doi":null,"title":"THE NEW DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE LAW IN PENNSYLVANIA: FIRST YEAR OBSERVATIONS","display_name":"THE NEW DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE LAW IN PENNSYLVANIA: FIRST YEAR OBSERVATIONS","publication_year":1985,"publication_date":"1985-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W580121241","mag":"580121241"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:580121241","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://trid.trb.org/view.aspx?id=309163","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058261467","display_name":"Dennis E. Hoffman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dennis E. Hoffman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058261467"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.16609413,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.9603999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.9603999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13376","display_name":"Criminal Law and Policy","score":0.02800000086426735,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10043","display_name":"Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes","score":0.0038999998942017555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drunk-driving","display_name":"drunk driving","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/license-suspension","display_name":"license suspension","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alcohol-related-traffic-fatalities","display_name":"alcohol-related traffic fatalities","score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-impaired-driving","display_name":"drug-impaired driving","score":0.9240000247955322}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780593006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5309330","display_name":"Drunk drivers","level":5,"score":0.6663967370986938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910136099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q250062","display_name":"Driving under the influence","level":4,"score":0.6333894729614258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780262971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44554","display_name":"Law enforcement","level":2,"score":0.5873459577560425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780560020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79719","display_name":"License","level":2,"score":0.5842206478118896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993784664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5309330","display_name":"Drunk driving","level":4,"score":0.5614061951637268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778173179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25339289","display_name":"Attendance","level":2,"score":0.5384502410888672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.5042051076889038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102587632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117488","display_name":"Criminal justice","level":2,"score":0.4994795322418213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778466722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q886470","display_name":"Blood alcohol content","level":5,"score":0.43001458048820496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.4293373227119446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.41434818506240845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526869908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3298118","display_name":"Suicide prevention","level":3,"score":0.38853806257247925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.38269463181495667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.34728652238845825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3394573926925659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.19338944554328918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.18172687292099}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:580121241","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://trid.trb.org/view.aspx?id=309163","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.8046000003814697}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W604223752","https://openalex.org/W1575250174","https://openalex.org/W1605235185","https://openalex.org/W572575973","https://openalex.org/W2015242213","https://openalex.org/W2575857100","https://openalex.org/W2018880755","https://openalex.org/W621175876","https://openalex.org/W838313776","https://openalex.org/W643036811"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"During":[0],"the":[1,23,26,31,47,51,68,96,141,170,174,181,193],"past":[2],"two":[3],"years,":[4],"drunken":[5],"driving":[6,71],"arrests":[7],"in":[8,42,67,134,138,179],"Pennsylvania":[9,175],"have":[10,17],"increased":[11],"50%":[12],"and":[13,53,57,117,156,191,198],"alcohol-related":[14,188],"traffic":[15],"deaths":[16],"declined":[18],"24%.":[19],"Many":[20],"observers":[21],"credit":[22],"passage":[24],"of":[25,37,55,65,84,108,120,140,173,195],"new":[27,182],"state":[28],"Driving":[29],"Under":[30],"Influence":[32],"(DUI)":[33],"law":[34,60,77,97],"(Act":[35],"289":[36],"1982),":[38],"which":[39],"became":[40],"effective":[41],"January":[43],"1983,":[44],"with":[45],"changing":[46],"public's":[48],"attitudes":[49],"regarding":[50],"dangers":[52],"consequences":[54],"drinking":[56],"driving.":[58,202],"The":[59],"provides":[61,98],"for":[62,70,99,125],"a":[63,74,80,151,158],"series":[64],"changes":[66],"penalties":[69,101],"drunk,":[72],"including":[73,102],"per":[75],"se":[76],"that":[78,89],"makes":[79],"blood":[81],"alcohol":[82],"level":[83],"at":[85,121],"least":[86,122],"0.10%":[87],"all":[88],"is":[90],"necessary":[91],"to":[92,110],"establish":[93],"guilt.":[94],"Also,":[95],"mandatory":[100],"48":[103],"hour":[104],"jail":[105,143],"sentences,":[106],"fines":[107],"$300":[109],"$5,000,":[111],"Alcohol":[112,146],"Highway":[113,147],"Safety":[114,148],"School":[115],"attendance,":[116],"license":[118,154],"suspensions":[119],"one":[123],"year":[124],"convicted":[126],"first":[127,130],"offenders.":[128],"Some":[129],"offenders":[131],"not":[132],"involved":[133],"serious":[135],"accidents":[136],"may,":[137],"lieu":[139],"two-day":[142],"term,":[144],"attend":[145],"School,":[149],"receive":[150],"minimum":[152],"one-month":[153],"suspension,":[155],"serve":[157],"probation-type":[159],"sentence":[160],"known":[161],"as":[162],"Accelerated":[163],"Rehabilitative":[164],"Disposition":[165],"(ARD).":[166],"This":[167],"report":[168],"analyzes":[169],"preliminary":[171],"experiences":[172],"criminal":[176],"justice":[177],"system":[178],"implementing":[180],"law,":[183],"examines":[184],"available":[185],"data":[186],"on":[187],"highway":[189],"accidents,":[190],"highlights":[192],"problems":[194],"underage":[196],"DUI":[197],"drug":[199],"use":[200],"while":[201]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T04:12:42.849631","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}