{"id":"https://openalex.org/W579794240","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.46-1206","title":"Pockets of crime: broken windows, collective efficacy, and the criminal point of view","display_name":"Pockets of crime: broken windows, collective efficacy, and the criminal point of view","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W579794240","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.46-1206","mag":"579794240"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5860/choice.46-1206","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.46-1206","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.46-1206","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764375719","display_name":"Choice Reviews Online","issn_l":"0009-4978","issn":["0009-4978","1523-8253","1943-5975"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316146","host_organization_name":"Association of College and Research Libraries","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316146","https://openalex.org/P4310315903"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association of College and Research Libraries","American Library Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Choice Reviews Online","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"book-review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":157,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"46","issue":"02","first_page":"46","last_page":"1206"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11645","display_name":"Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12736","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Penology","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/broken-windows-theory","display_name":"broken windows theory","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collective-efficacy","display_name":"collective efficacy","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neighborhood-crime","display_name":"neighborhood crime","score":0.5149999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-space","display_name":"urban space","score":0.5400000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crime-location","display_name":"crime location","score":0.3720000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-sales","display_name":"drug sales","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robbery","display_name":"robbery","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/assault","display_name":"assault","score":0.46700000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neighborhood-disorder","display_name":"neighborhood disorder","score":0.6809999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sense-of-community","display_name":"sense of community","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chicago","display_name":"Chicago","score":0.3970000147819519}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5986877679824829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.5794315338134766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.32020318508148193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.25269365310668945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.06017667055130005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0569782555103302}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5860/choice.46-1206","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.46-1206","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.46-1206","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764375719","display_name":"Choice Reviews Online","issn_l":"0009-4978","issn":["0009-4978","1523-8253","1943-5975"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316146","host_organization_name":"Association of College and Research Libraries","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316146","https://openalex.org/P4310315903"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association of College and Research Libraries","American Library Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Choice Reviews Online","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8046000003814697,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"},{"score":0.7250000238418579,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2476753996","https://openalex.org/W2469241417","https://openalex.org/W2996537601","https://openalex.org/W2148227415","https://openalex.org/W1486402089","https://openalex.org/W4391189503","https://openalex.org/W2185305228","https://openalex.org/W4388041363","https://openalex.org/W2950669241","https://openalex.org/W4249023442"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Why,":[0],"even":[1],"in":[2,62,99,122],"the":[3,78,125,171],"same":[4],"high-crime":[5],"neighborhoods,":[6],"do":[7],"robbery,":[8],"drug":[9,133],"dealing,":[10],"and":[11,42,53,113,120,135,152],"assault":[12],"occur":[13,96],"much":[14],"more":[15,38,59],"frequently":[16],"on":[17,21,108],"some":[18],"blocks":[19],"than":[20],"others?":[22],"One":[23],"popular":[24],"theory":[25],"is":[26,89],"that":[27,45,73,101,132],"a":[28],"weak":[29],"sense":[30],"of":[31,80,94,124,161,176],"community":[32],"among":[33],"neighbors":[34],"can":[35],"create":[36],"conditions":[37],"hospitable":[39],"for":[40,137,157],"criminals,":[41],"another":[43],"proposes":[44],"neighborhood":[46],"disorder":[47],"-":[48,56],"such":[49],"as":[50],"broken":[51],"windows":[52],"boarded-up":[54],"buildings":[55],"makes":[57],"crime":[58,178],"likely.":[60],"But":[61],"his":[63],"innovative":[64],"new":[65],"study,":[66],"Peter":[67],"K.":[68],"B.":[69],"St.":[70,129],"Jean":[71,130],"argues":[72],"we":[74],"cannot":[75],"fully":[76],"understand":[77],"impact":[79],"these":[81,158],"factors":[82,160],"without":[83],"considering":[84],"that,":[85],"because":[86],"urban":[87],"space":[88],"unevenly":[90],"developed,":[91],"different":[92],"kinds":[93],"crimes":[95],"most":[97,172],"often":[98],"locations":[100,143],"offer":[102],"their":[103],"perpetrators":[104],"specific":[105],"advantages.":[106],"Drawing":[107],"Chicago":[109],"Police":[110],"Department":[111],"statistics":[112],"extensive":[114],"interviews":[115],"with":[116,144],"both":[117],"law-abiding":[118],"citizens":[119],"criminals":[121],"one":[123],"city's":[126],"highest-crime":[127],"areas,":[128],"demonstrates":[131],"dealers":[134],"robbers,":[136],"example,":[138],"are":[139],"primarily":[140],"attracted":[141],"to":[142,169],"businesses":[145],"like":[146],"liquor":[147],"stores,":[148],"fast":[149],"food":[150],"restaurants,":[151],"check-cashing":[153],"outlets.":[154],"By":[155],"accounting":[156],"important":[159],"spatial":[162],"positioning,":[163],"he":[164],"expands":[165],"upon":[166],"previous":[167],"research":[168],"provide":[170],"comprehensive":[173],"explanation":[174],"available":[175],"why":[177],"occurs":[179],"where":[180],"it":[181],"does.":[182]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
