{"id":"https://openalex.org/W577293448","doi":null,"title":"Degrees of Guidance: Essays on Twentieth-Century American Photography","display_name":"Degrees of Guidance: Essays on Twentieth-Century American Photography","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W577293448","mag":"577293448"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-005505716","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/cam025/92026464.html","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017584322","display_name":"Peter C. Bunnell","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peter C. Bunnell","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017584322"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.08840244,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13268","display_name":"Photographic and Visual Arts","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1209","display_name":"Museology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13268","display_name":"Photographic and Visual Arts","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1209","display_name":"Museology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12868","display_name":"Photography and Visual Culture","score":0.008999999612569809,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12632","display_name":"Visual Culture and Art Theory","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1213","display_name":"Visual Arts and Performing Arts"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photography-aesthetics","display_name":"photographic aesthetics","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photographic-style","display_name":"photographic style","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/art-photography","display_name":"photography as art","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/portrait-photography","display_name":"portrait photography","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pictorialism","display_name":"pictorialism","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alfred-stieglitz","display_name":"Alfred Stieglitz","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/walker-evans","display_name":"Walker Evans","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diane-arbus","display_name":"Diane Arbus","score":1.0}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119657128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11633","display_name":"Photography","level":2,"score":0.8682543635368347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.6855567097663879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105162683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q271588","display_name":"Printmaking","level":3,"score":0.677920401096344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162462552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134307","display_name":"Portrait","level":2,"score":0.6296929717063904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52119013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50637","display_name":"Art history","level":1,"score":0.6171559691429138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67805463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11634","display_name":"Sculpture","level":2,"score":0.5979002714157104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205783811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11629","display_name":"Painting","level":2,"score":0.5775821208953857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56273599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3122841","display_name":"White (mutation)","level":3,"score":0.5174846649169922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781008207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7318107","display_name":"Reverence","level":2,"score":0.46102625131607056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.45645734667778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0815005898475647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-005505716","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/cam025/92026464.html","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:577293448","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA23279749","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W413318964","https://openalex.org/W1503597942","https://openalex.org/W593824120","https://openalex.org/W4238600578","https://openalex.org/W1544001889","https://openalex.org/W1545082857","https://openalex.org/W2798404764","https://openalex.org/W767242911","https://openalex.org/W7036273984","https://openalex.org/W587951117"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Degrees":[0],"of":[1,11,20,24,41,43,66,86,95,131,137],"Guidance:":[2],"Essays":[3],"on":[4,105],"Twentieth-Century":[5],"Photography":[6],"brings":[7],"together":[8],"a":[9,39],"selection":[10],"essays":[12,36,104],"written":[13],"between":[14],"1969":[15],"and":[16,34,46,48,77,92,115,129],"1987":[17],"by":[18],"one":[19],"the":[21,32,49,63,84,93,125,135,138],"foremost":[22],"historians":[23],"photography":[25,67],"at":[26],"work":[27,136],"today.":[28],"Arranged":[29],"roughly":[30],"chronologically,":[31],"thematic":[33],"monographic":[35],"collectively":[37],"examine":[38],"variety":[40],"trends":[42],"photographic":[44,90,140],"style":[45],"aesthetics,":[47],"artists,":[50],"primarily":[51],"American,":[52],"who":[53],"developed":[54],"them":[55],"over":[56],"an":[57,69],"eighty-year":[58],"period;":[59],"they":[60],"also":[61],"reflect":[62],"growing":[64],"acceptance":[65],"as":[68,89,100,102,108],"art":[70],"medium":[71],"-":[72,79],"among":[73],"critics,":[74],"private":[75],"collectors,":[76],"museums":[78],"in":[80,98,134],"this":[81],"period.":[82],"Through":[83],"study":[85],"such":[87,106],"topics":[88],"portraiture":[91],"nature":[94],"pictorialist":[96],"vision":[97],"photography,":[99],"well":[101],"his":[103],"artists":[107],"Alfred":[109],"Stieglitz,":[110],"Walker":[111],"Evans,":[112],"Diane":[113],"Arbus,":[114],"Jerry":[116],"Uelsmann,":[117],"Peter":[118],"C.":[119],"Bunnell":[120],"effectively":[121],"directs":[122],"attention":[123],"to":[124],"fundamental":[126],"creativity,":[127],"intentionality,":[128],"significance":[130],"personal":[132],"expression":[133],"committed":[139],"artist.":[141]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
