{"id":"https://openalex.org/W573476342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0149.1990.tb00633.x","title":"An Introduction to the Philosophy of Science","display_name":"An Introduction to the Philosophy of Science","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W573476342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0149.1990.tb00633.x","mag":"573476342"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1468-0149.1990.tb00633.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0149.1990.tb00633.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0149.1990.tb00633.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168628147","display_name":"Philosophical Books","issn_l":"0031-8051","issn":["0031-8051","1468-0149"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Philosophical Books","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056089278","display_name":"Keekok Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8400-9990","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8400-9990"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"KEEKOK LEE","raw_affiliation_strings":["VICTORIA UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VICTORIA UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056089278"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.119,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":166,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96647212,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"1","first_page":"59","last_page":"61"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13558","display_name":"Philosophy, Science, and History","score":0.9282000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13558","display_name":"Philosophy, Science, and History","score":0.9282000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10778","display_name":"Philosophy and History of Science","score":0.0689999982714653,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11477","display_name":"Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy-of-science","display_name":"philosophy of science","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scientific-method","display_name":"scientific method","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scientific-knowledge","display_name":"scientific knowledge","score":0.4880000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scientific-epistemology","display_name":"epistemology of science","score":0.8109999895095825}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778805511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1713","display_name":"Citation","level":2,"score":0.6891536116600037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.4287562966346741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3741837441921234}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1468-0149.1990.tb00633.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0149.1990.tb00633.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0149.1990.tb00633.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168628147","display_name":"Philosophical Books","issn_l":"0031-8051","issn":["0031-8051","1468-0149"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Philosophical Books","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.6499999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W632032446","https://openalex.org/W2317259490","https://openalex.org/W4286504274","https://openalex.org/W2318985409","https://openalex.org/W1894782998","https://openalex.org/W4250542352","https://openalex.org/W4213257472","https://openalex.org/W2122492342","https://openalex.org/W2138986135","https://openalex.org/W4240023465"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
