{"id":"https://openalex.org/W569815000","doi":null,"title":"Trade among developing countries : theory, policy issues, and principal trends","display_name":"Trade among developing countries : theory, policy issues, and principal trends","publication_year":1981,"publication_date":"1981-08-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W569815000","mag":"569815000"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:569815000","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA19540222","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306464317","display_name":"World Bank, Washington, DC eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"World Bank eBooks","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"book","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043495062","display_name":"Oli Havrylyshyn","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Oli Havrylyshyn","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043495062"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.0758,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96383363,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12428","display_name":"Global Trade and Competitiveness","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11742","display_name":"Economic Theory and Policy","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manufacturing-exports","display_name":"manufacturing exports","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-commodities","display_name":"primary commodities","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/newly-industrialized-countries","display_name":"newly industrializing countries","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-policy","display_name":"trade policy","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regional-integration","display_name":"regional integration","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capital-goods-exports","display_name":"capital goods exports","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-theory","display_name":"trade theory","score":0.30399999022483826}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.8707453608512878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18547055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47417","display_name":"International economics","level":1,"score":0.6047967672348022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160050368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132453","display_name":"Developed country","level":3,"score":0.550715446472168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5473756790161133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178725364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376860","display_name":"Newly industrialized country","level":3,"score":0.5351024866104126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.533665657043457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775836275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3502310","display_name":"Dynamism","level":2,"score":0.47839081287384033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83646750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193893","display_name":"Capital (architecture)","level":2,"score":0.4181561768054962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.38371413946151733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.13891127705574036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:569815000","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA19540222","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306464317","display_name":"World Bank, Washington, DC eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"World Bank eBooks","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1803893470","https://openalex.org/W1966048064","https://openalex.org/W2016165487","https://openalex.org/W2046957335","https://openalex.org/W2104590413","https://openalex.org/W2149654426","https://openalex.org/W2326167611"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2085864313","https://openalex.org/W3048344486","https://openalex.org/W2032212222","https://openalex.org/W2416927423","https://openalex.org/W2963677843","https://openalex.org/W1567915965","https://openalex.org/W651219219","https://openalex.org/W135088239","https://openalex.org/W4232900465","https://openalex.org/W2117915954"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"main":[1],"conclusion":[2],"is":[3,97,179],"that":[4,49,77,178],"non-fuel":[5,51],"trade":[6,23,84,105],"among":[7,85,106],"developing":[8,42,86,107,135,148,164],"countries,":[9,108,136],"excluding":[10],"capital-surplus":[11],"oil":[12],"exporters,":[13],"accounted":[14],"for":[15,174],"a":[16,102,127],"remarkably":[17],"stable":[18],"share":[19,37,82],"of":[20,38,50,61,64,73,83,101,130,145,147],"their":[21,113,131],"total":[22],"between":[24],"1963":[25],"and":[26,137,160],"1977.":[27],"This":[28],"constancy,":[29],"however,":[30],"conceals":[31],"two":[32],"interesting":[33],"opposing":[34],"trends:":[35],"the":[36,57,62,65,71,93,120,170],"manufactures":[39,74,146],"exported":[40],"to":[41,125,133,157,163],"countries":[43,68,123,149,165],"has":[44,54,75],"been":[45,55],"falling":[46],"sharply":[47],"while":[48],"primary":[52],"commodities":[53],"rising,":[56],"latter":[58],"largely":[59],"because":[60],"demands":[63],"newly":[66],"industrializing":[67],"(NICs).":[69],"Nevertheless,":[70],"dynamism":[72],"meant":[76],"they":[78],"makeup":[79],"an":[80],"increasing":[81],"countries.":[87],"Four":[88],"particular":[89],"points":[90],"emerge":[91],"from":[92],"evidence:":[94],"(a)":[95],"there":[96],"no":[98],"obvious":[99],"sign":[100],"bias":[103],"against":[104],"except":[109],"by":[110],"whatever":[111],"effect":[112],"own":[114],"commercial":[115],"policies":[116],"may":[117,167],"have;":[118],"(b)":[119],"more":[121,152],"inward-looking":[122],"tend":[124],"send":[126],"higher":[128],"proportion":[129],"exports":[132,144,162,177],"other":[134],"regional":[138],"integration":[139],"strengthens":[140],"this":[141],"effect;":[142],"(c)":[143],"are":[150],"much":[151],"capital":[153,175],"intensive":[154],"than":[155],"those":[156],"industrialized":[158],"countries;":[159],"(d)":[161],"markets":[166],"not":[168],"be":[169],"vital":[171],"first":[172],"stage":[173],"goods":[176],"sometimes":[180],"supposed.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
