{"id":"https://openalex.org/W56323455","doi":null,"title":"Individualism and collectivism: Societal-level processes with implications for individual-level and society-level outcomes.","display_name":"Individualism and collectivism: Societal-level processes with implications for individual-level and society-level outcomes.","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W56323455","mag":"56323455"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:kar.kent.ac.uk:32464","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://kar.kent.ac.uk/32464/1/Oyserman_Uskul_final.pdf","pdf_url":"https://kar.kent.ac.uk/32464/1/Oyserman_Uskul_final.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196264","display_name":"Kent Academic Repository (University of Kent)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I20581793","host_organization_name":"University of Kent","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Book section"},"volume":null,"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://kar.kent.ac.uk/32464/1/Oyserman_Uskul_final.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078729414","display_name":"Daphna Oyserman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2727-2167","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2727-2167"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daphna Oyserman","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, US#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2727-2167","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, US#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076088486","display_name":"Ay\u015fe K. \u00dcsk\u00fcl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8013-9931","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8013-9931"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ay\u015fe K. \u00dcsk\u00fcl","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, US#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8013-9931","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, US#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.3333,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98583093,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11454","display_name":"Cultural Differences and Values","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11454","display_name":"Cultural Differences and Values","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10314","display_name":"Social and Intergroup Psychology","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10652","display_name":"Racial and Ethnic Identity Research","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/individualism","display_name":"individualism","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collectivism","display_name":"collectivism","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/individual-level-outcomes","display_name":"individual-level outcomes","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-cultural-psychology","display_name":"cross-cultural psychology","score":0.5870000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-values","display_name":"cultural values","score":0.492000013589859}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96420161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q237789","display_name":"Collectivism","level":3,"score":0.8030155897140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17022365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171995","display_name":"Individualism","level":2,"score":0.6678025722503662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991779303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6841486","display_name":"Middle level","level":3,"score":0.4801218509674072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018162585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254624","display_name":"Micro level","level":3,"score":0.42095476388931274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3987548351287842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.37908250093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.33975574374198914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.305037260055542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.14593228697776794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.06645858287811279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.06585738062858582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5333508","display_name":"Economic impact analysis","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:kar.kent.ac.uk:32464","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://kar.kent.ac.uk/32464/1/Oyserman_Uskul_final.pdf","pdf_url":"https://kar.kent.ac.uk/32464/1/Oyserman_Uskul_final.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196264","display_name":"Kent Academic Repository (University of Kent)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I20581793","host_organization_name":"University of Kent","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Book section"},{"id":"pmh:oai:deepblue.lib.umich.edu:2027.42/89922","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/89922","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400393","display_name":"Deep Blue (University of Michigan)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","host_organization_name":"University of Michigan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Book Chapter"},{"id":"mag:56323455","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.essex.ac.uk/1511/","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:kar.kent.ac.uk:32464","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://kar.kent.ac.uk/32464/1/Oyserman_Uskul_final.pdf","pdf_url":"https://kar.kent.ac.uk/32464/1/Oyserman_Uskul_final.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196264","display_name":"Kent Academic Repository (University of Kent)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I20581793","host_organization_name":"University of Kent","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Book section"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W56323455.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W56323455.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":73,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W62055964","https://openalex.org/W87126367","https://openalex.org/W111178690","https://openalex.org/W414142740","https://openalex.org/W643655157","https://openalex.org/W841084186","https://openalex.org/W1576165815","https://openalex.org/W1636386742","https://openalex.org/W1713937778","https://openalex.org/W1963717688","https://openalex.org/W1967589083","https://openalex.org/W1971334151","https://openalex.org/W1974997056","https://openalex.org/W1978311462","https://openalex.org/W1995173906","https://openalex.org/W2014880816","https://openalex.org/W2021616958","https://openalex.org/W2025616959","https://openalex.org/W2035682765","https://openalex.org/W2044637401","https://openalex.org/W2045826950","https://openalex.org/W2047662493","https://openalex.org/W2050804194","https://openalex.org/W2055684847","https://openalex.org/W2056365180","https://openalex.org/W2056894925","https://openalex.org/W2057324667","https://openalex.org/W2058210894","https://openalex.org/W2064226402","https://openalex.org/W2067763021","https://openalex.org/W2068696202","https://openalex.org/W2072398096","https://openalex.org/W2073244807","https://openalex.org/W2074635824","https://openalex.org/W2075637488","https://openalex.org/W2077348816","https://openalex.org/W2080055695","https://openalex.org/W2081228936","https://openalex.org/W2092699470","https://openalex.org/W2096926178","https://openalex.org/W2097541526","https://openalex.org/W2097780989","https://openalex.org/W2098263357","https://openalex.org/W2101498657","https://openalex.org/W2102836011","https://openalex.org/W2106691128","https://openalex.org/W2107676976","https://openalex.org/W2120373641","https://openalex.org/W2122397415","https://openalex.org/W2128126390","https://openalex.org/W2132907511","https://openalex.org/W2133087357","https://openalex.org/W2140918013","https://openalex.org/W2144372049","https://openalex.org/W2144684423","https://openalex.org/W2147565768","https://openalex.org/W2147882210","https://openalex.org/W2152220697","https://openalex.org/W2159029902","https://openalex.org/W2159586311","https://openalex.org/W2162060678","https://openalex.org/W2162318351","https://openalex.org/W2162867419","https://openalex.org/W2163429658","https://openalex.org/W2165018471","https://openalex.org/W2165104163","https://openalex.org/W2171757047","https://openalex.org/W2327332664","https://openalex.org/W2413324316","https://openalex.org/W2560344271","https://openalex.org/W2781888151","https://openalex.org/W2798304687","https://openalex.org/W2985180201"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7095811156","https://openalex.org/W2277829951","https://openalex.org/W6982433577","https://openalex.org/W3108385150","https://openalex.org/W2184562922","https://openalex.org/W7019850315","https://openalex.org/W4241535240","https://openalex.org/W167056297","https://openalex.org/W3202761630","https://openalex.org/W2910085692"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Oyserman,":[0],"D.":[1],"&":[2],"Uskul,":[3],"A.":[4],"K.":[5],"(2008).":[6],"Individualism":[7],"and":[8,16],"collectivism:":[9],"Societal-level":[10],"processes":[11],"with":[12],"implications":[13],"for":[14],"individual-level":[15],"society-level":[17],"outcomes.In":[18],"F.":[19]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
