{"id":"https://openalex.org/W54926895","doi":null,"title":"Racial Profiling in Toronto: Discourses of Domination, Mediation, and Opposition","display_name":"Racial Profiling in Toronto: Discourses of Domination, Mediation, and Opposition","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W54926895","mag":"54926895"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:54926895","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.crrf-fcrr.ca/images/stories/pdf/critical_readings/ePubRepRacProTor2.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103341895","display_name":"Frances Henry","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Frances Henry","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103341895"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.7233,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94530246,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11076","display_name":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","score":0.5723000168800354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11076","display_name":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","score":0.5723000168800354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12219","display_name":"Canadian Identity and History","score":0.05480000004172325,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12765","display_name":"Race, History, and American Society","score":0.051100000739097595,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-profiling","display_name":"racial profiling","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toronto","display_name":"Toronto","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racism","display_name":"racism","score":0.5189999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domination","display_name":"domination","score":0.47200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mediation-cultural-media-theory","display_name":"mediation (cultural/media theory)","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opposition","display_name":"opposition","score":0.4440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/race-relations","display_name":"race relations","score":0.46799999475479126}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780668109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192852","display_name":"Opposition (politics)","level":3,"score":0.626517653465271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187191949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138496","display_name":"Profiling (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.5687919855117798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.452095091342926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776248220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1850662","display_name":"Racial profiling","level":3,"score":0.4357183873653412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3609834313392639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.31110793352127075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.18352285027503967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.12828561663627625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.11104249954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76509639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918036","display_name":"Race (biology)","level":2,"score":0.07911381125450134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:54926895","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.crrf-fcrr.ca/images/stories/pdf/critical_readings/ePubRepRacProTor2.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"},{"score":0.7578999996185303,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W24493679","https://openalex.org/W99140786","https://openalex.org/W235658014","https://openalex.org/W277486044","https://openalex.org/W414191746","https://openalex.org/W576097862","https://openalex.org/W606554036","https://openalex.org/W612681228","https://openalex.org/W1483567969","https://openalex.org/W1484991187","https://openalex.org/W1499561442","https://openalex.org/W1597750586","https://openalex.org/W1915374382","https://openalex.org/W1963761938","https://openalex.org/W1972489795","https://openalex.org/W1979419289","https://openalex.org/W1987951636","https://openalex.org/W2000541957","https://openalex.org/W2002633860","https://openalex.org/W2014148139","https://openalex.org/W2026222950","https://openalex.org/W2030093585","https://openalex.org/W2032350976","https://openalex.org/W2053200793","https://openalex.org/W2060312752","https://openalex.org/W2076758314","https://openalex.org/W2113780177","https://openalex.org/W2141432205","https://openalex.org/W2161586993","https://openalex.org/W2318305200","https://openalex.org/W2338312135","https://openalex.org/W2529817217","https://openalex.org/W2597002626","https://openalex.org/W2964130102","https://openalex.org/W3142442681","https://openalex.org/W3151729477"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6996076344","https://openalex.org/W4251865850","https://openalex.org/W1589381710","https://openalex.org/W277796166","https://openalex.org/W3210042791","https://openalex.org/W2954751129","https://openalex.org/W2168977661","https://openalex.org/W136253901","https://openalex.org/W6950485413","https://openalex.org/W2284073972"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
