{"id":"https://openalex.org/W53988657","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004109","title":"Effect of Georgetown Lake on the water quality of Clear Creek, Georgetown, Colorado, 1997-98","display_name":"Effect of Georgetown Lake on the water quality of Clear Creek, Georgetown, Colorado, 1997-98","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W53988657","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004109","mag":"53988657"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3133/wri004109","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004109","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004109","pdf_url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri00-4109/pdf/wrir00-4109.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"report"},"volume":null,"type":"report","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri00-4109/pdf/wrir00-4109.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082895443","display_name":"Sally M. Cuffin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sally M. Cuffin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019689971","display_name":"Daniel T. Chafin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel T. Chafin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12773","display_name":"Water Quality and Resources Studies","score":0.4309000074863434,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12773","display_name":"Water Quality and Resources Studies","score":0.4309000074863434,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11923","display_name":"Mine drainage and remediation techniques","score":0.3578999936580658,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2304","display_name":"Environmental Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10139","display_name":"Heavy metals in environment","score":0.08290000259876251,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clear-creek","display_name":"Clear Creek","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reservoir-water-quality","display_name":"reservoir water quality","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metal-transport","display_name":"metal transport","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sediment-metal-concentrations","display_name":"sediment metal concentrations","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sulfate-reducing-bacteria","display_name":"sulfate-reducing bacteria","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ice-cover","display_name":"ice cover","score":0.6259999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-stratification","display_name":"thermal stratification","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemical-stratification","display_name":"chemical stratification","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dissolved-oxygen","display_name":"dissolved oxygen","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ph","display_name":"pH","score":0.49300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-residence-time","display_name":"water residence time","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bathymetric-survey","display_name":"bathymetric survey","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/superfund-sites","display_name":"Superfund sites","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diatoms","display_name":"diatoms","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-temperature-profiles","display_name":"water temperature profiles","score":0.4480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dissolved-oxygen-profiles","display_name":"dissolved oxygen profiles","score":0.39899998903274536}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.637271523475647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.561616837978363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2816523","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180184","display_name":"Sediment","level":2,"score":0.5369067192077637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780797713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625376","display_name":"Water quality","level":2,"score":0.5007519721984863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50477045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1444790","display_name":"Surface runoff","level":2,"score":0.476440966129303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3567405343055725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.17512193322181702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3133/wri004109","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004109","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004109","pdf_url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri00-4109/pdf/wrir00-4109.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"report"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3133/wri004109","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004109","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004109","pdf_url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri00-4109/pdf/wrir00-4109.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"report"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.965499997138977,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W53988657.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W53988657.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W652360615","https://openalex.org/W1004432141","https://openalex.org/W1496688631","https://openalex.org/W1517811736","https://openalex.org/W1856219842","https://openalex.org/W2063579475","https://openalex.org/W2064299399","https://openalex.org/W2491822413","https://openalex.org/W2506844160","https://openalex.org/W2922265354","https://openalex.org/W2922482648"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1839657388","https://openalex.org/W111490168","https://openalex.org/W2597893601","https://openalex.org/W2998107333","https://openalex.org/W2185523840","https://openalex.org/W1981502995","https://openalex.org/W2092605638","https://openalex.org/W122706685","https://openalex.org/W1565076972","https://openalex.org/W2169183179"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Georgetown":[0,138,512],"Lake":[1,139,493,513],"is":[2,99,116,206],"a":[3,13,54,128,476],"recreational":[4],"reservoir":[5,62,78,98,232,241,266,300],"located":[6],"in":[7,22,27,45,68,96,199,230,342,436,459,475,489],"the":[8,23,32,41,48,58,61,64,74,77,90,97,135,231,240,265,299,315,318,350,353,365,372,404,450,465,523,534,548,558,569,596],"upper":[9],"Clear":[10,28,69],"Creek":[11,29],"Basin,":[12],"designated":[14],"Superfund":[15],"site":[16],"because":[17,380,403,600],"of":[18,60,66,76,84,137,143,204,220,253,273,317,352,357,381,416,418,449,526,537,551,561,572,578,586,601],"extensive":[19],"metal":[20],"mining":[21],"past.":[24],"Metals":[25],"concentrations":[26,142,227,309,346,373],"increase":[30],"as":[31,179,214],"stream":[33],"receives":[34],"runoff":[35],"from":[36,134,425,497],"mining-affected":[37],"areas.":[38],"In":[39],"1997,":[40,236,296,401],"U.S.":[42,49],"Geological":[43],"Survey,":[44],"cooperation":[46],"with":[47,127,269,330],"Environmental":[50],"Protection":[51],"Agency,":[52],"began":[53],"study":[55],"to":[56,79,194,208,210,239,362,428,503,509],"determine":[57],"effect":[59],"on":[63,233,260,293,321,368,376,393,398,408],"transport":[65],"metals":[67,496],"Creek.A":[70],"bathymetric":[71],"survey":[72],"determined":[73],"capacity":[75],"be":[80],"about":[81,100,117,124,243,256,270,277,288,389,518,529,543,553,564,591],"440":[82],"acre-feet":[83],"water,":[85],"which":[86],"remained":[87],"constant":[88],"during":[89,103,447,464],"study.":[91],"Average":[92],"water":[93,254,301,332,339,366,422,491,499],"residence":[94,115,251,285,406],"time":[95,252,286,407],"1-3":[101],"days":[102,119,126],"high":[104],"flow.":[105],"During":[106],"low":[107],"flow":[108],"(10":[109],"cubic":[110,245,279],"feet":[111,246,272,280],"per":[112,148,154,159,164,169,177,247,281],"second),":[113],"average":[114,250,284],"22":[118],"without":[120],"ice":[121,130,217],"cover":[122],"and":[123,171,191,225,249,259,283,307,327,340,344,384,420,433,438,443,461,471,484,500,528,563,575],"15":[125,278],"3-foot-thick":[129],"cover.Sediment":[131],"samples":[132,440,463,478],"collected":[133,424],"bottom":[136,316],"contained":[140,183],"substantial":[141],"iron":[144],"(average":[145,151,174],"25,500":[146],"milligrams":[147,153,158,163,168,176],"kilogram),":[149,155,160,165,170],"aluminum":[150],"12,300":[152],"zinc":[156,455],"(2,830":[157],"lead":[161,435,579],"(618":[162],"manganese":[166],"(548":[167],"sulfide":[172],"minerals":[173],"602":[175],"kilogram":[178],"S).":[180],"Sediment":[181],"also":[182],"abundant":[184],"sulfate-reducing":[185],"bacteria,":[186],"indicating":[187],"anoxic":[188],"conditions.":[189],"Algae":[190],"diatoms":[192],"common":[193],"cold-water":[195],"lakes":[196],"were":[197,228,310,360,374,423,473,486,517,542,580],"identified":[198],"sediment":[200],"samples;":[201],"one":[202],"genus":[203],"algae":[205],"known":[207],"adapt":[209],"low-light":[211],"conditions":[212],"such":[213],"exist":[215],"beneath":[216,337],"cover.Vertical":[218],"profiles":[219],"temperature,":[221],"specific":[222],"conductance,":[223],"pH,":[224],"dissolved-oxygen":[226,308,345],"measured":[229],"July":[234,294,399],"28,":[235,295,400],"when":[237,264],"inflow":[238,275,419,437,460,498,524,535,540,597],"was":[242,255,267,276,287,302,388,590],"170":[244],"second":[248],"1.3":[257],"days,":[258],"February":[261,322,377,394,409],"13,":[262,323,378,395,410],"1998,":[263,324,379,396,411,511],"covered":[268],"3":[271],"ice,":[274],"second,":[282],"12":[289],"days.":[290],"The":[291,583],"measurements":[292],"showed":[297],"that":[298],"well":[303],"mixed,":[304],"although":[305,371],"pH":[306,343,387],"increased":[311],"by":[312],"photosynthesis":[313],"near":[314,349],"reservoir.":[319],"Measurements":[320],"indicated":[325],"thermal":[326],"chemical":[328],"stratification":[329],"warmer":[331,354],"(about":[333],"4":[334],"degrees":[335],"Celsius)":[336],"colder":[338,382],"increases":[341],"generally":[347],"occurring":[348],"top":[351],"layer.":[355],"Concentrations":[356],"dissolved":[358,434,454],"oxygen":[359],"saturated":[361],"over-saturated":[363],"throughout":[364],"column":[367],"both":[369,457],"dates,":[370],"greater":[375,413],"temperature":[383],"photosynthesis.":[385],"Median":[386],"0.5":[390],"unit":[391],"higher":[392],"than":[397,522,533,547,557,568,595],"largely":[402],"longer":[405],"allowed":[412],"cumulative":[414],"effects":[415],"photosynthesis.Samples":[417],"outflow":[421,439,462,504,515,549,559,570,576,584],"August":[426,429,507,510],"1997":[427,508],"1998.":[430],"Dissolved":[431],"cadmium":[432,527],"exceeded":[441,456],"acute":[442],"chronic":[444],"water-quality":[445],"standards":[446,458],"some":[448,495],"sampling":[451,467],"period,":[452],"whereas":[453],"entire":[466],"period.":[468],"Chromium,":[469],"nickel,":[470],"silver":[472],"detected":[474],"few":[477],"at":[479],"small":[480],"concentrations.":[481],"Arsenic,":[482],"selenium,":[483],"thallium":[485],"not":[487],"reported":[488],"any":[490],"samples.Georgetown":[492],"removes":[494],"releases":[501],"others":[502],"water.":[505],"From":[506],"estimated":[514],"loads":[516,541,577],"21":[519],"percent":[520,531,545,555,566,593],"less":[521,532,546,556,567,594],"load":[525,536,550,560,571,585],"11":[530],"zinc.":[538],"Estimated":[539],"18":[544],"copper,":[552],"13":[554],"iron,":[562],"27":[565],"manganese.":[573],"Inflow":[574],"essentially":[581],"balanced.":[582],"nitrite":[587],"plus":[588],"nitrate":[589],"14":[592],"load,":[598],"probably":[599],"plant":[602],"uptake.":[603]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}