{"id":"https://openalex.org/W53839248","doi":null,"title":"Startling/Disturbing Research on School Program Effectiveness","display_name":"Startling/Disturbing Research on School Program Effectiveness","publication_year":1977,"publication_date":"1977-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W53839248","mag":"53839248"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:53839248","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ153650","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S156752806","display_name":"Phi Delta Kappan","issn_l":"0031-7217","issn":["0031-7217","1940-6487"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Phi Delta Kappan","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023155960","display_name":"Wayne B. Jennings","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wayne Jennings","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109528561","display_name":"Joe Nathan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joe Nathan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":16.4784,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98499048,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14290","display_name":"Education Methods and Practices","score":0.43650001287460327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14290","display_name":"Education Methods and Practices","score":0.43650001287460327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13570","display_name":"Historical Education Studies Worldwide","score":0.391400009393692,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13780","display_name":"Diverse Education Studies and Reforms","score":0.042100001126527786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/program-effectiveness","display_name":"program effectiveness","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-education","display_name":"history of education","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-in-education","display_name":"women in education","score":0.9399999976158142}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137403100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41710","display_name":"Ethnic group","level":2,"score":0.5831342935562134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36727532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861399","display_name":"Educational research","level":2,"score":0.5638794302940369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778035492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7315176","display_name":"Research program","level":2,"score":0.43910226225852966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.40203922986984253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.39771294593811035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.3752388656139374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3431662917137146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.27371275424957275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.1513015627861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.1449016034603119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:53839248","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ153650","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S156752806","display_name":"Phi Delta Kappan","issn_l":"0031-7217","issn":["0031-7217","1940-6487"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Phi Delta Kappan","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.975600004196167},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7390999794006348}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W194594710","https://openalex.org/W235072924","https://openalex.org/W291338976","https://openalex.org/W293408118","https://openalex.org/W299642378","https://openalex.org/W318093003","https://openalex.org/W330965008","https://openalex.org/W1480020406","https://openalex.org/W2043786540","https://openalex.org/W2057777437","https://openalex.org/W2079872858","https://openalex.org/W2088435459","https://openalex.org/W2092661216","https://openalex.org/W2169230763","https://openalex.org/W2331797066"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2768702580","https://openalex.org/W2205823297","https://openalex.org/W2151730870","https://openalex.org/W33300874","https://openalex.org/W7033393593","https://openalex.org/W7006824932","https://openalex.org/W2910381890","https://openalex.org/W2766225426","https://openalex.org/W612787536","https://openalex.org/W598669213"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"or":[0],"more":[1,66],"than":[2],"50":[3],"years":[4],"now,":[5],"studies":[6,96],"have":[7,93],"been":[8],"documenting":[9],"the":[10,18,46,68,81,95,113],"effective":[11],"ness":[12],"of":[13,29,34,48,53,70,104,115],"nontraditional":[14],"school":[15],"programs":[16],"in":[17,55],"United":[19],"States.":[20],"This":[21],"research":[22,36,85,111],"should":[23],"cause":[24],"us":[25],"to":[26,64,79,89],"question":[27],"95%":[28],"current":[30],"educational":[31],"practice.":[32],"Much":[33],"this":[35],"is":[37],"not":[38],"well":[39],"known.":[40],"Until":[41],"recent":[42],"years,":[43],"neither":[44],"was":[45],"history":[47,59],"certain":[49],"ethnic":[50],"groups":[51],"and":[52],"women":[54],"America.":[56],"Just":[57],"as":[58],"books":[60],"must":[61,74],"be":[62,77],"revised":[63],"reflect":[65],"accurately":[67],"experiences":[69],"different":[71],"groups,":[72],"so":[73],"education":[75],"histories":[76],"changed":[78],"include":[80],"startling,":[82],"dis":[83],"turbing":[84],"which":[86],"we":[87],"propose":[88],"summarize":[90],"here.":[91],"We":[92],"divided":[94],"into":[97],"two":[98],"categories.":[99],"The":[100,107],"first":[101],"describes":[102],"results":[103],"experimental":[105],"programs.":[106],"second":[108],"pre":[109],"sents":[110],"on":[112],"effects":[114],"tradi":[116],"tional":[117],"schools.":[118]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}