{"id":"https://openalex.org/W53290667","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137276285_2","title":"All Middle Class Now? Evolving Representations of the Working Class in the Neoliberal Era: The Case of ELT Textbooks","display_name":"All Middle Class Now? Evolving Representations of the Working Class in the Neoliberal Era: The Case of ELT Textbooks","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W53290667","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137276285_2","mag":"53290667"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1057/9781137276285_2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137276285_2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137276285_2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463716","display_name":"Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319703","host_organization_name":"Palgrave Macmillan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319703","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Palgrave Macmillan","Springer Nature"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"English Language Teaching Textbooks","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2491896509","display_name":"English Language Teaching Textbooks"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1475721/6/Gray_and%20Block%202014.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031043624","display_name":"John Gray","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3373-9453","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3373-9453","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0212-5654","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1153-4924"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124357947","display_name":"University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/04cw6st05","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Gray","raw_affiliation_strings":["Senior Lecturer in TESOL Education,\n        Institute of Education, University of London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Senior Lecturer in TESOL Education,\n        Institute of Education, University of London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124357947"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045835481","display_name":"David Block","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0783-3083","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0783-3083"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11932220","display_name":"Instituci\u00f3 Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avan\u00e7ats","ror":"https://ror.org/0371hy230","country_code":"ES","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11932220"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15766328","display_name":"Universitat de Lleida","ror":"https://ror.org/050c3cw24","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15766328"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Block","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Professor in Sociolinguistics,\n        Instituci\u00f3 Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avan\u00e7ats, Universit\u00e4t de Lleida, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Professor in Sociolinguistics,\n        Instituci\u00f3 Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avan\u00e7ats, Universit\u00e4t de Lleida, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11932220","https://openalex.org/I15766328"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.7171,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":74,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97325482,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"45","last_page":"71"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.358599990606308,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.358599990606308,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11895","display_name":"Social and Cultural Dynamics","score":0.14820000529289246,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13737","display_name":"Critical and Liberation Pedagogy","score":0.09560000151395798,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/working-class","display_name":"working class","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neoliberalism","display_name":"neoliberalism","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/english-language-teaching-textbooks","display_name":"English language teaching textbooks","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-learning-resources","display_name":"language learning materials","score":0.4659999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/working-class-decline","display_name":"decline of the working class","score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class-identity","display_name":"class identity","score":0.4959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-industry","display_name":"language industry","score":0.32899999618530273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158071213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257","display_name":"Ideology","level":3,"score":0.6693466305732727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170950685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191159","display_name":"Working class","level":3,"score":0.4849674701690674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777720223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5255430","display_name":"Demise","level":2,"score":0.4263579845428467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118589477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1417017","display_name":"Neoliberalism (international relations)","level":2,"score":0.41555464267730713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.412003755569458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3904186487197876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.35416561365127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.26181721687316895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.17967429757118225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.13821735978126526}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1057/9781137276285_2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137276285_2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137276285_2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463716","display_name":"Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319703","host_organization_name":"Palgrave Macmillan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319703","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Palgrave Macmillan","Springer Nature"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"English Language Teaching Textbooks","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:1475721","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1475721/","pdf_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1475721/6/Gray_and%20Block%202014.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"In: Harwood, N, (ed.) English Language Teaching Textbooks: Content, Consumption, Production. (pp. 45-71). Palgrave Macmillan: Basingstoke, UK. (2013)","raw_type":"Book chapter"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:1475721","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1475721/","pdf_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1475721/6/Gray_and%20Block%202014.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"In: Harwood, N, (ed.) English Language Teaching Textbooks: Content, Consumption, Production. (pp. 45-71). Palgrave Macmillan: Basingstoke, UK. (2013)","raw_type":"Book chapter"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.6164000034332275},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.4000000059604645}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W53290667.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W53290667.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W33572109","https://openalex.org/W116203901","https://openalex.org/W128852117","https://openalex.org/W153339792","https://openalex.org/W194628092","https://openalex.org/W572140311","https://openalex.org/W576292312","https://openalex.org/W591660125","https://openalex.org/W610005993","https://openalex.org/W633181032","https://openalex.org/W659623469","https://openalex.org/W1480686721","https://openalex.org/W1492379321","https://openalex.org/W1493289095","https://openalex.org/W1567962490","https://openalex.org/W1568483542","https://openalex.org/W1572540247","https://openalex.org/W1585075896","https://openalex.org/W1586550616","https://openalex.org/W1597338049","https://openalex.org/W1600064940","https://openalex.org/W1859466894","https://openalex.org/W1899651705","https://openalex.org/W1969098153","https://openalex.org/W1979518829","https://openalex.org/W1986676569","https://openalex.org/W1988463236","https://openalex.org/W1990624983","https://openalex.org/W1994673105","https://openalex.org/W2002453077","https://openalex.org/W2048999746","https://openalex.org/W2052617474","https://openalex.org/W2053120142","https://openalex.org/W2086474164","https://openalex.org/W2098014996","https://openalex.org/W2127455972","https://openalex.org/W2145481513","https://openalex.org/W2186660143","https://openalex.org/W2322488382","https://openalex.org/W2485338947","https://openalex.org/W2797322357","https://openalex.org/W2903564343","https://openalex.org/W2905423237","https://openalex.org/W2971156319","https://openalex.org/W3135413011","https://openalex.org/W3205323169","https://openalex.org/W4246685110","https://openalex.org/W4290038377","https://openalex.org/W6605242243","https://openalex.org/W6629782706","https://openalex.org/W6632769617","https://openalex.org/W6635096651","https://openalex.org/W6820790647","https://openalex.org/W6852098268","https://openalex.org/W7000845231","https://openalex.org/W7017336765","https://openalex.org/W7029807072"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4313224276","https://openalex.org/W7133543132","https://openalex.org/W4404006059","https://openalex.org/W7024820851","https://openalex.org/W2491594754","https://openalex.org/W3044831258","https://openalex.org/W4385953593","https://openalex.org/W2905458684","https://openalex.org/W7047439676","https://openalex.org/W1979518829"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"UK-produced":[0,133],"English":[1,17],"language":[2,28,261,292],"teaching":[3,29],"textbooks":[4,134,202],"aimed":[5],"at":[6],"the":[7,56,59,67,81,86,92,153,164,168,182,205,208,211,215,257,283],"global":[8],"market":[9],"are":[10,295],"core":[11],"products":[12],"in":[13,120,142,181,188,227],"a":[14,72,160,175,199,221,230,269,278,286],"multi-million-pound":[15],"Teaching":[16],"to":[18,150,174,207,241,271],"Speakers":[19],"of":[20,45,50,58,83,88,94,152,163,167,177,198,201,210,214,225,234,256,282,289],"Other":[21],"Languages":[22],"(TE":[23],"SOL)":[24],"industry":[25,52],"that":[26,107,132,252],"includes":[27],"and":[30,36,40,91,109,114,137,141,195,229,238,285],"testing,":[31],"teacher":[32],"education,":[33],"academic":[34],"publishing,":[35],"educational":[37],"consultancy":[38],"work":[39,122],"quality":[41],"assurance":[42],"for":[43],"ministries":[44],"education":[46],"globally.":[47],"The":[48,156,218],"growth":[49],"this":[51,143,253],"coincides":[53],"largely":[54,222],"with":[55,159,277],"birth":[57],"neoliberal":[60,139],"era,":[61],"dating":[62,203],"more":[63],"or":[64],"less":[65],"from":[66,204,245,260],"late":[68],"1970s.":[69],"This":[70,190],"is":[71,191],"period":[73],"which":[74],"has":[75],"been":[76],"characterized":[77],"not":[78],"only":[79],"by":[80,104,193,250],"deregulation":[82],"financial":[84],"markets,":[85],"abolition":[87],"trade":[89],"barriers,":[90],"imposition":[93],"structural":[95],"readjustment":[96],"programmes":[97],"on":[98,173],"developing":[99],"world":[100,185],"countries,":[101],"but":[102],"also":[103],"an":[105],"ideology":[106],"promotes":[108],"celebrates":[110],"individualism":[111],"over":[112],"class-based":[113],"other":[115],"collective":[116],"identity":[117],"inscriptions.":[118],"Elsewhere":[119],"our":[121,147],"(Block,":[123],"2010;":[124],"Gray,":[125],"2010a,":[126],"2010b,":[127],"2012),":[128],"we":[129,145,186],"have":[130],"argued":[131],"frequently":[135],"reproduce":[136],"legitimize":[138],"ideology,":[140],"chapter":[144,157],"turn":[146],"attention":[148],"specifically":[149],"representations":[151],"working":[154,169,235,242,258,290],"class.":[155],"begins":[158],"short":[161],"discussion":[162,176],"supposed":[165],"demise":[166],"class":[170,179,226,236,243,259,291],"before":[171],"moving":[172],"what":[178],"means":[180],"highly":[183],"complex":[184],"live":[187],"today.":[189],"followed":[192],"quantitative":[194],"qualitative":[196],"analysis":[197,219],"set":[200],"1970s":[206],"end":[209],"first":[212],"decade":[213],"21st":[216],"century.":[217],"reveals":[220],"superficial":[223],"treatment":[224],"general":[228],"progressive":[231],"editing":[232],"out":[233,255],"characters":[237],"issues":[239],"relating":[240],"life":[244],"these":[246],"textbooks.":[247],"We":[248],"conclude":[249],"arguing":[251],"writing":[254],"learning":[262],"materials":[263],"can":[264],"be":[265],"seen":[266],"as":[267],"both":[268],"failure":[270],"educate":[272],"students":[273],"(by":[274],"providing":[275],"them":[276],"very":[279],"skewed":[280],"view":[281],"world)":[284],"simultaneous":[287],"betrayal":[288],"learners,":[293],"who":[294],"denied":[296],"recognition.":[297]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
