{"id":"https://openalex.org/W5321989","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1121763","title":"Constitutionality of the Eckhardt Open Beaches Bill","display_name":"Constitutionality of the Eckhardt Open Beaches Bill","publication_year":1974,"publication_date":"1974-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W5321989","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1121763","mag":"5321989"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/1121763","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1121763","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1121763","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183770981","display_name":"Columbia Law Review","issn_l":"0010-1958","issn":["0010-1958","1945-2268"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-3","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316727","host_organization_name":"Columbia Law School","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316727","https://openalex.org/P4310316010"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Columbia Law School","Columbia University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Columbia Law Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://openyls.law.yale.edu/bitstream/20.500.13051/1929/2/Eckhart_Beaches.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106717112","display_name":"Charles L. Black","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Charles L. Black","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yale University  ;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yale University  ;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5106717112"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00042955,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":"3","first_page":"439","last_page":"439"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13138","display_name":"Legal and Constitutional Studies","score":0.5175999999046326,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13138","display_name":"Legal and Constitutional Studies","score":0.5175999999046326,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13445","display_name":"American Constitutional Law and Politics","score":0.30979999899864197,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13357","display_name":"Property Rights and Legal Doctrine","score":0.07249999791383743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constitutionality","display_name":"constitutionality","score":0.47600001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beach-access","display_name":"beach access","score":0.5490000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/house-judiciary-committee","display_name":"House Judiciary Committee","score":0.5979999899864197}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776512386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2515622","display_name":"Constitutionality","level":3,"score":0.9410986304283142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3504020571708679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.3385143578052521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776154427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7755","display_name":"Constitution","level":2,"score":0.0767751932144165}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/1121763","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1121763","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1121763","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183770981","display_name":"Columbia Law Review","issn_l":"0010-1958","issn":["0010-1958","1945-2268"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-3","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316727","host_organization_name":"Columbia Law School","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316727","https://openalex.org/P4310316010"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Columbia Law School","Columbia University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Columbia Law Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.law.yale.edu:fss_papers-3577","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/fss_papers/2599","pdf_url":"https://openyls.law.yale.edu/bitstream/20.500.13051/1929/2/Eckhart_Beaches.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064349","display_name":"bepress Legal Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Scholarship Series","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.law.yale.edu:fss_papers-3577","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/fss_papers/2599","pdf_url":"https://openyls.law.yale.edu/bitstream/20.500.13051/1929/2/Eckhart_Beaches.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064349","display_name":"bepress Legal Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Scholarship Series","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W5321989.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W5321989.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4211211308","https://openalex.org/W852896958","https://openalex.org/W7067341702","https://openalex.org/W2148539900","https://openalex.org/W141847500","https://openalex.org/W7070241719","https://openalex.org/W2800274692","https://openalex.org/W1607242155","https://openalex.org/W207411720","https://openalex.org/W2408199022"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"One":[0],"of":[1,10,43,46,58,69,86],"the":[2,8,25,37,44,47,67,72,84,90],"persisting":[3],"and":[4,19,62,78],"pervasive":[5],"themes":[6],"in":[7],"life":[9],"Mr.":[11],"JusticeDouglas":[12],"has":[13,64],"been":[14,66],"his":[15],"concern":[16],"with":[17],"preserving":[18],"holding":[20],"open":[21],"to":[22],"public":[23],"enjoyment":[24],"natural":[26],"world":[27],"around":[28],"us.":[29],"It":[30],"is":[31,51],"fitting,":[32],"therefore,":[33],"that":[34],"this":[35],"issueof":[36],"Review":[38],"should":[39],"contain":[40],"a":[41],"discussion":[42],"constitutionality":[45],"OpenBeaches":[48],"bill,":[49],"which":[50,63],"now":[52],"being":[53],"pressed":[54],"by":[55,71],"Congressman":[56],"Eckhardt":[57],"Texas,with":[59],"numerous":[60],"co-sponsors,":[61],"recently":[65],"subject":[68],"hearings":[70],"House":[73,91],"Committee":[74,92],"on":[75,93],"Merchant":[76],"Marine":[77],"Fisheries.":[79],"ThisArticle":[80],"follows":[81],"closely":[82],"along":[83],"lines":[85],"my":[87],"testimony":[88],"before":[89],"October":[94],"26,":[95],"1973.":[96]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-02T07:38:04.252551","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}