{"id":"https://openalex.org/W531999","doi":null,"title":"Rhodopsin chromophore exchanges among opsin molecules in the dark.","display_name":"Rhodopsin chromophore exchanges among opsin molecules in the dark.","publication_year":1983,"publication_date":"1983-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W531999","mag":"531999","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6224755"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:6224755","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6224755","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028161897","display_name":"Dennis M. Defoe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5896-4430","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5896-4430"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D M Defoe","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110140323","display_name":"Dean Bok","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D Bok","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3352,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":44,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76074872,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"9","first_page":"1211","last_page":"26"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12236","display_name":"Photoreceptor and optogenetics research","score":0.7631999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12236","display_name":"Photoreceptor and optogenetics research","score":0.7631999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10691","display_name":"Retinal Development and Disorders","score":0.18960000574588776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11559","display_name":"Retinoids in leukemia and cellular processes","score":0.03700000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rhodopsin","display_name":"rhodopsin","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinol-binding-protein","display_name":"retinol-binding protein","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinol","display_name":"retinol","score":0.5049999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rod-outer-segments","display_name":"rod outer segments","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opsin","display_name":"opsin","score":0.6439999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vitamin-a-aldehyde","display_name":"vitamin A aldehyde","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dark-adaptation","display_name":"dark adaptation","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rod-photoreceptors","display_name":"rod photoreceptors","score":0.6639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/membrane-assembly","display_name":"membrane assembly","score":0.4169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frog-retina","display_name":"frog retina","score":0.4790000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mouse-retina","display_name":"mouse retina","score":0.8960000276565552}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202033177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423107","display_name":"Rhodopsin","level":3,"score":0.9589390158653259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30028475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24785022","display_name":"Opsin","level":4,"score":0.5233922600746155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192468462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q533543","display_name":"Chromophore","level":2,"score":0.5162191390991211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4877389371395111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.4690319299697876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779573558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424976","display_name":"Retinol","level":3,"score":0.46558892726898193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.44288474321365356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97749175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q904727","display_name":"Retinol binding protein","level":4,"score":0.43261319398880005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168240541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45948","display_name":"Organelle","level":2,"score":0.41727033257484436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780827179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422001","display_name":"Retinal","level":2,"score":0.41547638177871704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12554922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100","display_name":"Biophysics","level":1,"score":0.3719688057899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776940978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34956","display_name":"Vitamin","level":2,"score":0.28330403566360474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75473681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188651","display_name":"Photochemistry","level":1,"score":0.09222564101219177}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001345","descriptor_name":"Autoradiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003624","descriptor_name":"Darkness","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004591","descriptor_name":"Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005136","descriptor_name":"Eye Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007700","descriptor_name":"Kinetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008810","descriptor_name":"Mice, Inbred C57BL","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011894","descriptor_name":"Rana pipiens","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012168","descriptor_name":"Retinal Pigments","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012243","descriptor_name":"Rhodopsin","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012243","descriptor_name":"Rhodopsin","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012374","descriptor_name":"Rod Cell Outer Segment","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014801","descriptor_name":"Vitamin A","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017299","descriptor_name":"Rod Opsins","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051379","descriptor_name":"Mice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:6224755","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6224755","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:531999","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6224755","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1501626822","https://openalex.org/W1533781040","https://openalex.org/W1534020842","https://openalex.org/W1546846595","https://openalex.org/W1963591622","https://openalex.org/W1965142956","https://openalex.org/W1968534986","https://openalex.org/W1976424232","https://openalex.org/W1981182299","https://openalex.org/W1981532703","https://openalex.org/W1992010968","https://openalex.org/W1992632065","https://openalex.org/W1996509843","https://openalex.org/W2001677240","https://openalex.org/W2002926677","https://openalex.org/W2010358621","https://openalex.org/W2016129119","https://openalex.org/W2016345312","https://openalex.org/W2027708975","https://openalex.org/W2029711851","https://openalex.org/W2032782442","https://openalex.org/W2038579088","https://openalex.org/W2045249133","https://openalex.org/W2048680198","https://openalex.org/W2049943093","https://openalex.org/W2058705902","https://openalex.org/W2064960805","https://openalex.org/W2066069526","https://openalex.org/W2069380128","https://openalex.org/W2070185763","https://openalex.org/W2078053605","https://openalex.org/W2083750873","https://openalex.org/W2086790354","https://openalex.org/W2089559975","https://openalex.org/W2093575987","https://openalex.org/W2095961621","https://openalex.org/W2100837269","https://openalex.org/W2104313455","https://openalex.org/W2106835595","https://openalex.org/W2116882219","https://openalex.org/W2133576178","https://openalex.org/W2149789690","https://openalex.org/W2164579477","https://openalex.org/W2331585727","https://openalex.org/W2411368169"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2050392347","https://openalex.org/W2155293313","https://openalex.org/W1979683780","https://openalex.org/W1981483953","https://openalex.org/W2045249133","https://openalex.org/W26712785","https://openalex.org/W2069380128","https://openalex.org/W2019132545","https://openalex.org/W1965142956","https://openalex.org/W2029517748"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Turnover":[0],"of":[1,82,86,129,146,168,178,183,198,208,233,243,254,264,278],"rhodopsin":[2,87,212],"chromophore":[3,279],"in":[4,55,79,158,163,192,201,240,268],"vertebrate":[5],"visual":[6],"cells":[7],"has":[8],"been":[9],"explored":[10],"by":[11,116],"light":[12],"microscope":[13],"autoradiography":[14],"(LMARG)":[15],"and":[16,31,43,61,71,77,106,123],"radiobiochemical":[17],"techniques.":[18],"Retinol-binding":[19],"protein":[20,45],"(RBP)":[21],"was":[22,38,110,135,153,171,213],"isolated":[23],"from":[24,69,112,237],"human":[25],"serum,":[26],"its":[27],"native":[28],"ligand":[29],"removed":[30],"replaced":[32],"with":[33,40,88,103],"[3H]-retinol.":[34],"After":[35,52],"reconstitution,":[36],"[3H]-retinol-RBP":[37],"reassociated":[39],"prealbumin":[41],"(PA),":[42],"the":[44,56,83,144,147,156,175,179,181,196,230,241,252,261,269,274,276],"complex":[46],"injected":[47],"intravenously":[48],"into":[49,210],"dark-adapted":[50],"animals.":[51],"selected":[53],"intervals":[54],"dark,":[57],"animals":[58],"were":[59,73,190],"killed,":[60],"ocular":[62],"tissues":[63],"dissected":[64],"under":[65],"infrared":[66],"illumination.":[67],"Eyecups":[68],"frogs":[70],"mice":[72],"fixed":[74],"(4":[75],"C)":[76],"after":[78],"situ":[80],"reduction":[81],"chromophore-protein":[84],"linkage":[85],"borane":[89],"dimethyl":[90],"amine":[91],"(BDMA),":[92],"processed":[93],"histologically":[94],"to":[95,100,215,235,273],"retain":[96],"lipids,":[97],"or":[98],"alternatively":[99],"extract":[101],"them":[102],"chloroform-methanol":[104],"(C-M),":[105],"LMARG":[107],"performed.":[108],"Rhodopsin":[109],"purified":[111],"detergent-solubilized":[113],"mouse":[114,193,211],"retinas":[115],"Concanavalin":[117],"A":[118,245],"(Con":[119],"A)":[120],"affinity":[121],"chromatography":[122],"analyzed":[124],"for":[125,247,284],"radioactivity.":[126],"Autoradiographic":[127],"labeling":[128,199,232],"frog":[130],"rod":[131],"outer":[132],"segments":[133],"(ROS)":[134],"first":[136],"detectable":[137],"at":[138,174],"1":[139],"day":[140],"postinjection,":[141],"increasing":[142],"over":[143],"duration":[145],"experiment.":[148],"At":[149],"all":[150],"times,":[151],"label":[152],"distributed":[154],"throughout":[155],"organelle":[157],"a":[159,166,255],"diffuse":[160,231],"pattern,":[161],"although":[162,195],"certain":[164,202],"cases":[165],"band":[167,257],"silver":[169],"grains":[170],"also":[172],"evident":[173],"proximal":[176],"end":[177],"ROS,":[180],"site":[182],"new":[184],"membrane":[185,266,285],"assembly.":[186],"Similar":[187],"autoradiographic":[188],"patterns":[189],"noted":[191],"rods,":[194],"kinetics":[197],"differed":[200],"respects.":[203],"In":[204],"biochemical":[205],"experiments,":[206],"incorporation":[207],"[3H]-retinol":[209],"seen":[214],"occur":[216],"very":[217],"rapidly":[218],"(less":[219],"than":[220],"30":[221],"min),":[222],"without":[223],"an":[224,238],"appreciable":[225],"lag":[226],"period.":[227],"We":[228],"interpret":[229],"ROS":[234,265],"result":[236],"exchange":[239],"dark":[242],"[3H]-vitamin":[244],"aldehyde":[246],"unlabeled":[248],"opsin-bound":[249],"chromophore,":[250],"whereas":[251],"formation":[253],"reaction":[256],"no":[258],"doubt":[259],"reflects":[260],"continual":[262],"renewal":[263],"occurring":[267],"dark.":[270],"With":[271],"respect":[272],"former,":[275],"turnover":[277],"qualitatively":[280],"resembles":[281],"that":[282],"found":[283],"fatty":[286],"acids.":[287]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}