{"id":"https://openalex.org/W52820283","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.48.7.936","title":"Housing status among formerly homeless dually diagnosed adults","display_name":"Housing status among formerly homeless dually diagnosed adults","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W52820283","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.48.7.936","mag":"52820283","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9219303"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1176/ps.48.7.936","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.48.7.936","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.48.7.936","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171176648","display_name":"Psychiatric Services","issn_l":"0022-1597","issn":["0022-1597","1075-2730","1557-9700"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316602","host_organization_name":"American Psychiatric Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Psychiatric Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychiatric Services","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070019196","display_name":"Richard R. Bebout","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086895","display_name":"Community Connections","ror":"https://ror.org/00109m582","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086895"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R R Bebout","raw_affiliation_strings":["Community Connections, Washington, D.C. 20003, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Community Connections, Washington, D.C. 20003, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030439577","display_name":"Robert E. Drake","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5180-547X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5180-547X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R E Drake","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046699090","display_name":"Haiyi Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4549-879X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4549-879X","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9463-3252"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073744926","display_name":"Gregory J. McHugo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9198-1224","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9198-1224"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G J McHugo","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010892521","display_name":"Maxine Harris","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M Harris","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.4236,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":84,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97507099,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"48","issue":"7","first_page":"936","last_page":"941"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11464","display_name":"Homelessness and Social Issues","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11464","display_name":"Homelessness and Social Issues","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10043","display_name":"Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11860","display_name":"HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual-diagnosis","display_name":"dual diagnosis","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/severe-mental-illness","display_name":"severe mental illness","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/substance-use-disorders","display_name":"substance use disorders","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/housing-stability","display_name":"housing stability","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuum-of-care","display_name":"continuum of care","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supervised-housing","display_name":"supervised housing","score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/substance-use-disorder-recovery","display_name":"substance use disorder recovery","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-life","display_name":"quality of life","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/illicit-drug-use","display_name":"illicit drug use","score":0.7739999890327454}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779341259","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1631460","display_name":"Housing First","level":4,"score":0.7552770376205444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780084376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7644625","display_name":"Supportive housing","level":2,"score":0.7534141540527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40010229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3184856","display_name":"Substance abuse","level":2,"score":0.6991801857948303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.5518428683280945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779951463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268788","display_name":"Quality of life (healthcare)","level":2,"score":0.5421115159988403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776674806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12135","display_name":"Mental illness","level":3,"score":0.49358808994293213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777955769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2914812","display_name":"Dual diagnosis","level":3,"score":0.4651672840118408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4358755052089691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4218592941761017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991912374","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q400711","display_name":"Substance use","level":2,"score":0.4216364622116089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134362201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317309","display_name":"Mental health","level":2,"score":0.34991490840911865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.3471672236919403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001523","descriptor_name":"Mental Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000534","qualifier_name":"rehabilitation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004219","descriptor_name":"District of Columbia","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006703","descriptor_name":"Ill-Housed Persons","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006798","descriptor_name":"Housing","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006798","descriptor_name":"Housing","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008137","descriptor_name":"Longitudinal Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011788","descriptor_name":"Quality of Life","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012114","descriptor_name":"Residential Treatment","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012720","descriptor_name":"Severity of Illness Index","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012917","descriptor_name":"Social Adjustment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014504","descriptor_name":"Urban Health","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015397","descriptor_name":"Program Evaluation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017831","descriptor_name":"Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry)","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019966","descriptor_name":"Substance-Related Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000534","qualifier_name":"rehabilitation","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1176/ps.48.7.936","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.48.7.936","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.48.7.936","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171176648","display_name":"Psychiatric Services","issn_l":"0022-1597","issn":["0022-1597","1075-2730","1557-9700"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316602","host_organization_name":"American Psychiatric Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Psychiatric Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychiatric Services","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:9219303","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9219303","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:2407514436","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ps.psychiatryonline.org/doi/pdfplus/10.1176/ps.48.7.936","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.98580002784729,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1051634247","display_name":"RSDA LEVEL 2 IN MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES","funder_award_id":"5k02mh000839-10","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3615954621","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AA-08840","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337330","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G442568633","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MH-00839","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G514631665","display_name":"WASHINGTON DC HOMELESS DUAL DIAGNOSIS PROJECT","funder_award_id":"5u01aa008840-02","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337330","display_name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","ror":"https://ror.org/02jzrsm59"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3107970","https://openalex.org/W1491269787","https://openalex.org/W1972773572","https://openalex.org/W1985410086","https://openalex.org/W2018881781","https://openalex.org/W2024374498","https://openalex.org/W2026396749","https://openalex.org/W2035844030","https://openalex.org/W2047598177","https://openalex.org/W2088316440","https://openalex.org/W2094913896","https://openalex.org/W2129942844","https://openalex.org/W2144393454","https://openalex.org/W2174368950","https://openalex.org/W2289395675","https://openalex.org/W2334565982","https://openalex.org/W2463612487"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2147089798","https://openalex.org/W2018881781","https://openalex.org/W2601652402","https://openalex.org/W2174368950","https://openalex.org/W1976773616","https://openalex.org/W1978795400","https://openalex.org/W2082648251","https://openalex.org/W2088316440","https://openalex.org/W2132295262","https://openalex.org/W2148678460"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"Residential":[1],"outcomes":[2],"of":[3,65,87,94,142,167],"homeless":[4,248],"adults":[5],"with":[6,38,81,154,250],"severe":[7,197],"mental":[8],"illness":[9],"and":[10,28,43,47,57,63,130,133,164,190,194,241],"a":[11,33],"substance":[12,55,156,161,239],"use":[13,199],"disorder":[14],"were":[15,69,98,113,216],"studied":[16],"over":[17],"18":[18],"months":[19,93,186,201,212],"during":[20,89,147,185,200,211],"which":[21],"participants":[22,40,75,108,122],"received":[23],"integrated":[24,255],"dual":[25,251,256],"diagnosis":[26,257],"services":[27],"housing":[29,51,80,83,126,132,146,170,225],"supports":[30],"based":[31],"on":[32],"continuum":[34],"model.":[35],"METHODS:":[36],"Interviews":[37],"158":[39],"at":[41,44],"baseline":[42,176],"six-,":[45],"12-,":[46],"18-month":[48],"follow-ups":[49],"assessed":[50],"status,":[52],"residential":[53],"history,":[54],"abuse":[56,162,240],"progress":[58,159,182,242],"toward":[59,160,183,243],"recovery,":[60,163],"psychiatric":[61],"symptoms,":[62],"quality":[64,166],"life.":[66,168],"Complete":[67],"data":[68,112],"available":[70],"for":[71,109],"122":[72,107],"participants.":[73],"If":[74],"lived":[76],"continuously":[77],"in":[78],"high-quality":[79],"no":[82,208],"loss":[84],"or":[85],"nights":[86],"homelessness":[88],"the":[90,95,106,140,143,148],"final":[91,149],"six":[92],"study,":[96],"they":[97,259],"classified":[99],"as":[100,220,226],"having":[101],"stable":[102,119,125,224,263],"housing.":[103,120,264],"RESULTS:":[104],"Of":[105],"whom":[110],"complete":[111],"available,":[114],"64":[115],"(52":[116],"percent)":[117],"achieved":[118,124],"Most":[121],"who":[123,206,228],"first":[127],"entered":[128],"staffed":[129],"supervised":[131],"then":[134],"moved":[135],"to":[136,188,192,203,214,222],"independent":[137],"arrangements":[138],"by":[139,175,181,195,238],"end":[141],"study.":[144],"Stable":[145],"evaluation":[150],"period":[151],"was":[152,172,179],"associated":[153],"lower":[155],"use,":[157],"greater":[158],"higher":[165],"Final":[169],"status":[171],"not":[173],"predicted":[174,180],"variables":[177],"but":[178],"recovery":[184],"0":[187],"6":[189,191,202,213],"12":[193,215],"less":[196],"drug":[198],"12.":[204],"Participants":[205],"abused":[207,229],"illicit":[209,230],"drugs":[210],"almost":[217],"three":[218],"times":[219],"likely":[221],"achieve":[223,262],"those":[227],"drugs.":[231],"CONCLUSIONS:":[232],"Housing":[233],"stability":[234],"is":[235],"strongly":[236],"mediated":[237],"recovery.":[244],"Nevertheless,":[245],"when":[246],"formerly":[247],"persons":[249],"diagnoses":[252],"are":[253],"provided":[254],"treatment,":[258],"can":[260],"gradually":[261]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
