{"id":"https://openalex.org/W52812453","doi":null,"title":"Quality Assurance and Accreditation: A Glossary of Basic Terms and Definitions","display_name":"Quality Assurance and Accreditation: A Glossary of Basic Terms and Definitions","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W52812453","mag":"52812453"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:52812453","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://proiecte.aracis.ro/fileadmin/ARACIS/Publicatii_Aracis/Publicatii_ARACIS/Engleza/Glossary_07_05_2007.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006231838","display_name":"Melanie Seto","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Melanie Seto","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023472731","display_name":"Peter Wells","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5200-4279","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5200-4279"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Wells","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5200-4279","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":68.3138,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":358,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99841466,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10546","display_name":"Higher Education Governance and Development","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10546","display_name":"Higher Education Governance and Development","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13564","display_name":"Education and Public Policy","score":0.012799999676644802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13844","display_name":"Higher Education Learning Practices","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-assurance","display_name":"quality assurance","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accreditation","display_name":"accreditation","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/higher-education","display_name":"higher education","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-assessment","display_name":"quality assessment","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-management","display_name":"quality management","score":0.6069999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutional-accreditation","display_name":"institutional accreditation","score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/program-accreditation","display_name":"program accreditation","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accreditation-indicators","display_name":"accreditation indicators","score":0.5569999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bologna-process","display_name":"Bologna Process","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strategic-indicators","display_name":"strategic indicators","score":0.5170000195503235}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61521584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q705899","display_name":"Accreditation","level":2,"score":0.9194996356964111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780031656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q859161","display_name":"Glossary","level":2,"score":0.7815897464752197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106436119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836575","display_name":"Quality assurance","level":3,"score":0.7514722347259521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120912362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822","display_name":"Higher education","level":2,"score":0.5920416116714478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5028874278068542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.48287299275398254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4775077700614929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.3580104112625122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.33161818981170654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2933408319950104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.2747918963432312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.12443694472312927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.09145864844322205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:52812453","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://proiecte.aracis.ro/fileadmin/ARACIS/Publicatii_Aracis/Publicatii_ARACIS/Engleza/Glossary_07_05_2007.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.6164000034332275,"display_name":"Quality education"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W39017449","https://openalex.org/W56338597","https://openalex.org/W64625263","https://openalex.org/W148611028","https://openalex.org/W197905565","https://openalex.org/W216235815","https://openalex.org/W268049179","https://openalex.org/W327462885","https://openalex.org/W561861898","https://openalex.org/W562880297","https://openalex.org/W591810722","https://openalex.org/W613093663","https://openalex.org/W1557268802","https://openalex.org/W1567060415","https://openalex.org/W1997084439","https://openalex.org/W2018426426","https://openalex.org/W2031965974","https://openalex.org/W2042948459","https://openalex.org/W2043456948","https://openalex.org/W2044950274","https://openalex.org/W2046311417","https://openalex.org/W2056355945","https://openalex.org/W2058855523","https://openalex.org/W2074417042","https://openalex.org/W2080788789","https://openalex.org/W2082374708","https://openalex.org/W2083342281","https://openalex.org/W2108935572","https://openalex.org/W2116240749","https://openalex.org/W2123538157","https://openalex.org/W2130274025","https://openalex.org/W2148714289","https://openalex.org/W2157215459","https://openalex.org/W2344270854","https://openalex.org/W2410078552","https://openalex.org/W2476468977","https://openalex.org/W2497464232","https://openalex.org/W2503385313","https://openalex.org/W2564697621","https://openalex.org/W2593569175","https://openalex.org/W2603648323","https://openalex.org/W2729583998","https://openalex.org/W2753020447","https://openalex.org/W2970977790"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7223299379","https://openalex.org/W3035191594","https://openalex.org/W2033131849","https://openalex.org/W7104266016","https://openalex.org/W2444483664","https://openalex.org/W7054670761","https://openalex.org/W6945226528","https://openalex.org/W32230799","https://openalex.org/W2810303204","https://openalex.org/W2348306701"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Preface":[0],"The":[1,67,537],"present":[2,472],"publication,":[3],"Quality":[4],"Assurance":[5],"and":[6,12,34,79,96,101,112,142,162,170,201,237,253,271,296,324,363,399,409,414,451,454,510,548,560,572,588,594],"Accreditation:":[7],"Glossary":[8],"of":[9,17,26,53,74,85,104,109,125,128,139,157,167,180,214,259,268,276,280,287,303,305,310,317,333,344,365,368,371,380,422,448,503,522,535,541],"Basic":[10],"Terms":[11],"Definitions,":[13],"is":[14,241,274,387,434,495],"the":[15,23,27,51,54,64,71,82,86,99,102,107,132,137,155,158,192,212,222,277,281,301,308,331,348,351,360,366,382,419,436,442,467,471,523,578,581,597],"result":[16,213],"a":[18,121,123,126,149,206,256,260,485,492,499,508,530,533],"UNESCO-CEPES":[19,55,193,223,288,440],"initiative":[20,443],"undertaken":[21],"for":[22,32,60,176,435,470],"particular":[24],"occasion":[25],"Invitational":[28],"Roundtable":[29],"on":[30,57,191,205,347,516],"\u201cIndicators":[31],"Institutional":[33],"Programme":[35],"Accreditation":[36],"in":[37,50,63,114,120,136,160,552,563,596],"Higher":[38,61],"Education/":[39],"Tertiary":[40],"Education\u201d":[41],"(Bucharest,":[42],"Romania,":[43],"3-8":[44],"April":[45],"2003),":[46],"that":[47,244,267,439,540,567],"was":[48,539],"organized":[49,318],"framework":[52],"project":[56,210],"Strategic":[58],"Indicators":[59],"Education":[62],"Twenty-First":[65],"Century1.":[66],"need":[68,298,524],"to":[69,94,97,152,163,198,219,229,250,299,359,390,396,444,462,497,525,577,584],"improve":[70,300],"quantitative":[72],"assessment":[73],"higher":[75,115,334,372],"education":[76,335,373],"at":[77],"system":[78],"institutional":[80],"levels,":[81],"main":[83],"objective":[84],"project,":[87],"has":[88,291,505],"been":[89,293,460,507],"complemented":[90],"by":[91],"this":[92,245,446,565],"effort":[93],"gather":[95],"organize":[98],"information":[100],"mixtures":[103],"meanings":[105,504,545],"surrounding":[106],"field":[108],"quality":[110,140,168,269,302,309,332,367,397,449],"assurance":[111,141,169,270,398,450],"accreditation":[113,452],"education.":[116],"This":[117,184,209],"glossary":[118,447,473,493,566],"is,":[119],"way,":[122],"compilation":[124],"set":[127,502],"definitions":[129],"associated":[130,574],"with":[131,203,483],"various":[133,353],"terms":[134,159,453,571,575],"applied":[135],"fields":[138],"accreditation.":[143],"It":[144,240,433],"may":[145],"be":[146,188,199,248,251,585],"used":[147,416],"as":[148,404,466,589],"reference":[150],"tool":[151],"better":[153,257],"understand":[154],"connotations":[156],"circulation":[161],"compare":[164],"existing":[165],"models":[166],"accreditation,":[171,272],"while":[172],"also":[173,187,337,430],"offering":[174],"opportunities":[175],"an":[177,294,341,518],"increased":[178],"consistency":[179],"their":[181],"conceptual":[182],"framework.":[183],"publication":[185,246],"will":[186,247,254],"made":[189,461],"available":[190],"Webpage,":[194],"allowing":[195],"it":[196],"thus":[197,506],"updated":[200],"supplemented":[202],"information,":[204],"regular":[207],"basis.":[208],"being":[211,340,520],"teamwork,":[215],"I":[216],"would":[217],"like":[218],"thank":[220],"all":[221],"staff":[224],"members":[225],"who":[226],"have":[227,355,459,556],"contributed":[228],"its":[230,376,378,400],"realization,":[231],"particularly,":[232],"Lazar":[233],"Vlasceanu,":[234],"Laura":[235],"Grunberg,":[236],"Dan":[238],"P\u00e2rlea.":[239],"our":[242],"expectation":[243],"found":[249],"useful":[252],"facilitate":[255],"understanding":[258],"very":[261],"complex,":[262],"but":[263,532],"increasingly":[264],"pertinent":[265],"problem,":[266],"which":[273,393,494],"one":[275],"underlying":[278],"principles":[279],"Bologna":[282],"Process2.":[283],"Jan":[284],"Sadlak":[285],"Director":[286],"Introduction":[289],"There":[290],"always":[292],"individual":[295],"social":[297],"life":[304],"people,":[306],"including":[307],"what":[311],"they":[312,321,326,550],"learn":[313,322,327],"over":[314],"many":[315,558,592],"years":[316],"schooling,":[319],"how":[320,543,549],"it,":[323],"why":[325],"it.":[328],"Concerns":[329],"about":[330],"are":[336,394,412,429,478,546],"not":[338,527],"recent,":[339],"intrinsic":[342],"part":[343],"any":[345],"discussion":[346],"subject.":[349],"Over":[350],"years,":[352],"developments":[354,392],"taken":[356],"place":[357],"relative":[358],"assessment,":[361],"monitoring,":[362],"improvement":[364],"different":[369,553],"components":[370],"(its":[374],"governance,":[375],"contents,":[377],"forms":[379],"pedagogy,":[381],"services":[383],"offered,":[384],"etc.).":[385],"What":[386],"new":[388],"refers":[389],"those":[391],"related":[395,576],"management.":[401],"Such":[402],"concepts":[403,428],"\u201cquality":[405,407,410],"assessment\u201d,":[406],"evaluation\u201d,":[408],"assurance\u201d":[411],"widely":[413],"regularly":[415],"nowadays":[417],"within":[418],"wider":[420],"processes":[421],"managing":[423],"quality.":[424],"Frequently":[425],"used,":[426],"these":[427],"frequently":[431],"misused.":[432],"latter":[437],"reason":[438],"took":[441],"produce":[445],"definitions.":[455],"Many":[456],"other":[457],"attempts":[458],"prepare":[463],"such":[464,517],"glossaries,":[465],"references":[468],"listed":[469],"indicate.":[474],"Among":[475],"these,":[476],"most":[477],"national,":[479],"sub-national,":[480],"or":[481],"regional,":[482],"only":[484],"few":[486],"having":[487],"worldwide":[488],"relevance.":[489],"To":[490],"propose":[491],"meant":[496],"include":[498],"more":[500],"universal":[501],"challenging":[509],"risky":[511],"task.":[512],"We,":[513],"nevertheless,":[514],"embarked":[515],"endeavour":[519],"convinced":[521],"assemble":[526],"so":[528],"much":[529],"diversity":[531],"commonality":[534],"meanings.":[536],"implication":[538],"observing":[542],"specific":[544],"shared":[547],"operate":[551],"contexts.":[554],"We":[555],"encountered":[557],"expected":[559],"unexpected":[561],"difficulties":[562],"producing":[564],"contains":[568],"thirty":[569],"key":[570],"fifty-two":[573],"latter.":[579],"As":[580],"attempt":[582],"proved":[583],"quite":[586],"tricky":[587],"we":[590],"discovered":[591],"contradictions":[593],"paradoxes":[595],"literature":[598],"surveyed":[599]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}