{"id":"https://openalex.org/W52015112","doi":null,"title":"Some Difficulties with Collaborative Learning.","display_name":"Some Difficulties with Collaborative Learning.","publication_year":1989,"publication_date":"1989-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W52015112","mag":"52015112"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:52015112","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ404964","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764771997","display_name":"The Journal of Advanced Composition","issn_l":"0731-6755","issn":["0731-6755"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Advanced Composition","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036692869","display_name":"David W. Smit","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David Smit","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036692869"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8565,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90284471,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"45","last_page":"58"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11526","display_name":"Innovative Teaching Methods","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12184","display_name":"Linguistics and Education Research","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collaborative-learning","display_name":"cooperative learning","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/writing-instruction","display_name":"writing instruction","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peer-feedback","display_name":"peer feedback","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peer-tutoring","display_name":"peer tutoring","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group-work","display_name":"group work","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integration-of-theory-and-practice","display_name":"theory-practice integration","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-construction-of-knowledge","display_name":"social construction of knowledge","score":0.6579999923706055}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40231798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1333743","display_name":"Composition (language)","level":2,"score":0.6942538619041443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1370556","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81009","display_name":"Rhetoric","level":2,"score":0.6563974022865295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777200299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52943","display_name":"Conversation","level":2,"score":0.6502664089202881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21190884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1076131","display_name":"Presupposition","level":2,"score":0.6438977718353271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.5582453608512878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780588134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2791145","display_name":"Composition studies","level":3,"score":0.5031713843345642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777855551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12310021","display_name":"Subject (documents)","level":2,"score":0.4846854507923126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780608745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367293","display_name":"Convention","level":2,"score":0.47942203283309937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.47179073095321655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.4296574592590332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3859094977378845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.34466636180877686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.26137271523475647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.204469233751297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.1933433711528778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.15718799829483032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.10724487900733948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:52015112","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ404964","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764771997","display_name":"The Journal of Advanced Composition","issn_l":"0731-6755","issn":["0731-6755"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Advanced Composition","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9235000014305115,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W48414006","https://openalex.org/W74264882","https://openalex.org/W224418318","https://openalex.org/W228877961","https://openalex.org/W262868800","https://openalex.org/W1596945089","https://openalex.org/W1703903670","https://openalex.org/W1973725490","https://openalex.org/W2094418204","https://openalex.org/W2159479604","https://openalex.org/W2589302729","https://openalex.org/W2753533763","https://openalex.org/W2795406963","https://openalex.org/W2796874953"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6948110738","https://openalex.org/W1586606631","https://openalex.org/W291134500","https://openalex.org/W6930847876","https://openalex.org/W4403617136","https://openalex.org/W3119274640","https://openalex.org/W1583876049","https://openalex.org/W1570067399","https://openalex.org/W2127491908","https://openalex.org/W4242286171"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Theories":[0],"of":[1,27,65,71,81,93,105,110,125,134,166,184,190,206,246,296,318,331,336,354],"collaborative":[158,257],"learning":[159],"and":[4,18,25,98,100,122,127,131,144,169,176,187,220,224,325,339],"writing":[6],"are":[7,48,321,341],"finally":[8],"gaining":[9],"recognition.":[10],"Sessions":[11],"at":[12,197],"the":[13,23,46,52,63,69,123,132,156,207,217,231,243,247,314,352],"Conference":[14],"on":[15,45,179],"College":[16,61],"Composition":[17],"Communication":[19],"convention":[20],"devoted":[21],"to":[22,36,40,161,195,262,279,283,285,306,349,359],"research":[24],"practice":[26],"collabo":[28],"rative":[29,87],"methods":[30,177],"jumped":[31],"from":[32,275],"six":[33],"in":[34,38,42,50,58,68,214,230,242,304],"1987":[35],"eleven":[37],"1988":[39],"twenty-two":[41],"1989.":[43],"Articles":[44],"subject":[47],"appearing":[49],"all":[51],"major":[53,208],"journals":[54],"with":[55,252],"an":[56],"interest":[57],"composition,":[59,215,313],"including":[60],"English,":[62,72],"Journal":[64],"Advanced":[66],"Composition,Research":[67],"Teaching":[70],"m&Rhetoric":[73],"Review.":[74],"The":[75,91,103,171,249,259],"field":[76],"even":[77],"recognizes":[78],"a":[79,163,180],"list":[80],"semicanonical":[82],"texts:":[83],"Edwin":[84],"Mason's":[85],"Collabo":[86],"Learning,":[88],"M.L.J.":[89],"Abercrombie's":[90],"Anatomy":[92],"Judgment,":[94],"John":[95],"Dewey's":[96],"Experience":[97],"Education,":[99],"Thomas":[101],"Kuhn's":[102],"Structure":[104],"Scientific":[106],"Revolutions.":[107],"Also,":[108],"proponents":[109],"often":[113,345],"cite":[114],"Kenneth":[115],"Bruffee's":[116],"groundbreaking":[117],"articles,":[118],"*":[119],"'Collaborative":[120],"Learning":[121],"'Conversation":[124],"Mankind'":[126],"Social":[128],"Construction,":[129],"Language,":[130],"Authority":[133],"Knowledge:":[135],"A":[136],"Bibliographical":[137],"Essay.":[138],"Perhaps,":[139],"then,":[140],"we":[141,254],"should":[142],"stop":[143],"critically":[145],"survey":[146],"this":[147,200],"phenomenon,":[148],"if":[149],"for":[150,173,289,309],"no":[151],"other":[152],"reason":[153],"than":[154,239],"that":[155,210,268],"term":[157,260],"applies":[160,261],"such":[162,174],"wide":[164],"range":[165],"pedagogical":[167,244,264],"theories":[168,175,209,232],"methods.":[170],"support":[172,211],"depends":[178],"truly":[181],"eclectic":[182],"body":[183],"theory,":[185],"presupposition,":[186],"evidence,":[188,219],"much":[189],"it":[191,347],"not":[192],"directly":[193],"related":[194],"composition":[196],"all.":[198],"In":[199,312],"essay,":[201],"I":[202,226,240,344],"will":[203],"examine":[204],"some":[205],"especially":[216],"assumptions,":[218],"relationships":[221],"between":[222],"theory":[223,265],"practice.":[225],"am":[227,241],"less":[228],"interested":[229],"themselves,":[233],"which":[234],"have":[235,299],"received":[236],"comment":[237],"elsewhere,":[238],"application":[245],"theories.1":[248],"problem":[250],"begins":[251],"what":[253],"mean":[255],"by":[256],"learning.":[258],"any":[263],"or":[266,270],"method":[267],"advocates":[269],"involves":[271],"using":[272,334],"groups,":[273],"everything":[274],"free":[276],"group":[277,332],"discussions":[278],"teach":[280],"close":[281],"observation":[282],"adults":[284],"highly":[286],"structured":[287],"systems":[288],"organizing":[290],"lower":[291],"elementary":[292],"classrooms":[293],"into":[294],"teams":[295,335],"students":[297],"who":[298],"their":[300,310],"progress":[301],"regularly":[302],"charted":[303],"order":[305],"earn":[307],"rewards":[308],"achievements.":[311],"most":[315],"common":[316],"forms":[317],"peer":[322,326],"response":[323],"groups":[324],"tutoring,":[327],"although":[328],"various":[329],"kinds":[330],"projects":[333],"researchers,":[337],"drafters,":[338],"editors":[340],"also":[342],"used.":[343],"find":[346],"difficult":[348],"sort":[350],"out":[351],"claims":[353],"theorists":[356],"so":[357],"as":[358],"discover":[360],"just":[361]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}