{"id":"https://openalex.org/W51155549","doi":null,"title":"Part A \u2013 Bacteria","display_name":"Part A \u2013 Bacteria","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W51155549","mag":"51155549"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:51155549","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780121072582500111","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"book-chapter","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030919684","display_name":"B. Brett Finlay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5303-6128","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5303-6128"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"B. Brett Finlay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5303-6128","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030919684"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"129","last_page":"138"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10943","display_name":"Escherichia coli research studies","score":0.5175999999046326,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2404","display_name":"Microbiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10943","display_name":"Escherichia coli research studies","score":0.5175999999046326,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2404","display_name":"Microbiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12477","display_name":"Toxin Mechanisms and Immunotoxins","score":0.07890000194311142,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11515","display_name":"Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research","score":0.0731000006198883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacterial-virulence-factors","display_name":"bacterial virulence factors","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacterial-toxins","display_name":"bacterial toxins","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exotoxins","display_name":"exotoxins","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endotoxin","display_name":"endotoxin","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lipopolysaccharide","display_name":"lipopolysaccharide","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toxoid-vaccine","display_name":"toxoid vaccine","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vaccine-adjuvants","display_name":"vaccine adjuvants","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/host-cell-receptor-binding","display_name":"host cell receptor binding","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microbial-pathogenesis","display_name":"microbial pathogenesis","score":0.7929999828338623}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60987743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1460232","display_name":"Virulence","level":3,"score":0.8908008933067322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.75226891040802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6967868804931641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.6826720833778381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778754761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421804","display_name":"Lipopolysaccharide","level":2,"score":0.543212354183197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781090273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1623405","display_name":"Virulence factor","level":4,"score":0.5267564654350281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778883795","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q804517","display_name":"Pathogenic bacteria","level":3,"score":0.4987781047821045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126831891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221673","display_name":"Host (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4574538767337799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.23279473185539246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.17566508054733276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.15728327631950378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.08916071057319641}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:51155549","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780121072582500111","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1507485526","https://openalex.org/W1562203176","https://openalex.org/W1570116817","https://openalex.org/W2049398103","https://openalex.org/W2066135800","https://openalex.org/W2067287813","https://openalex.org/W2073831807","https://openalex.org/W2150006179","https://openalex.org/W2157116022","https://openalex.org/W2170107782"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1945574140","https://openalex.org/W4233774878","https://openalex.org/W4283392337","https://openalex.org/W2788587873","https://openalex.org/W3174016986","https://openalex.org/W132201625","https://openalex.org/W2040356716","https://openalex.org/W3021958162","https://openalex.org/W6888993","https://openalex.org/W4251412922"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Publisher":[0],"Summary\r\nMicrobial":[1],"pathogenesis":[2],"is":[3,100,105,110],"a":[4,11,25,132],"complex":[5],"phenomenon,":[6],"with":[7],"the":[8,35,44,97,127],"pathogens":[9,23],"utilizing":[10],"variety":[12,27],"of":[13,28],"virulence":[14,38,68],"factors":[15],"that":[16,91],"contribute":[17],"to":[18,30,46,129,131],"their":[19],"pathogenic":[20],"profile.":[21],"Bacterial":[22],"utilize":[24],"wide":[26],"molecules":[29],"cause":[31],"infection..":[32],"Toxins":[33],"are":[34,42,88,92],"best":[36],"characterized":[37],"factors,":[39,69],"because":[40],"they":[41,70],"often":[43,71,78],"easiest":[45],"purify,":[47],"and":[48,58,77,109,119,136],"have":[49,53,72,123],"distinct":[50],"phenotypes.":[51],"They":[52,121],"also":[54],"been":[55],"used":[56],"extensively":[57],"successfully":[59],"in":[60,75,116],"toxoidvaccines,":[61],"as":[62,64,67],"well":[63],"adjuvants.":[65],"However,":[66],"essential":[73],"roles":[74],"altering":[76],"killing":[79],"host":[80,133],"cells,":[81],"usually":[82,89,122],"by":[83,94],"an":[84],"enzymatic":[85,137],"process.":[86],"Exotoxins":[87,114],"proteins":[90],"secreted":[93],"bacteria":[95],"into":[96],"supernatant.":[98],"Endotoxin":[99],"bacterial":[101],"lipopolysaccharide":[102],"(LPS),":[103],"which":[104],"principally":[106],"carbohydrate,":[107],"nonenzymatic":[108],"not":[111],"normally":[112],"secreted.":[113],"come":[115],"several":[117],"types":[118],"specificities.":[120],"two":[124],"general":[125],"functions:":[126],"ability":[128],"bind":[130],"cell":[134],"receptor":[135],"activity.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T04:12:42.849631","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}