{"id":"https://openalex.org/W49762702","doi":null,"title":"Infection & neoplastic growth 101: the required reading for microbial pathogens aspiring to cause cancer.","display_name":"Infection & neoplastic growth 101: the required reading for microbial pathogens aspiring to cause cancer.","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W49762702","mag":"49762702","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16610708"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:16610708","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16610708","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancer treatment and research","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062917416","display_name":"Jessica A. Bertout","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jessica Bertout","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pennsylvania, 3800 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6051, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pennsylvania, 3800 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6051, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082539381","display_name":"Andrei Thomas\u2010Tikhonenko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2739-2206","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2739-2206"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrei Thomas-Tikhonenko","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3741,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64237916,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"130","issue":null,"first_page":"167","last_page":"97"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10685","display_name":"Viral-associated cancers and disorders","score":0.9282000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10685","display_name":"Viral-associated cancers and disorders","score":0.9282000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10583","display_name":"Cancer-related Molecular Pathways","score":0.013000000268220901,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11591","display_name":"NF-\u03baB Signaling Pathways","score":0.00860000029206276,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-inflammation","display_name":"chronic inflammation","score":0.5619999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nf-kappab-signaling","display_name":"NF-\u03baB signaling","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-oncoproteins","display_name":"viral oncoproteins","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neovascularization","display_name":"neovascularization","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-immune-evasion","display_name":"tumor immune evasion","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/host-pathogen-interaction","display_name":"host-pathogen interaction","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carcinogenesis","display_name":"carcinogenesis","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pre-neoplastic-lesions","display_name":"pre-neoplastic lesions","score":0.6240000128746033}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555283112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637543","display_name":"Carcinogenesis","level":3,"score":0.7332508563995361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6978425979614258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018593856","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1216998","display_name":"Neoplastic cell","level":3,"score":0.6249971985816956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.6213250756263733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.5319666266441345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.5009646415710449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.48905453085899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62112901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189159","display_name":"Cell growth","level":2,"score":0.4723473787307739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96232424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4118072","display_name":"Cancer cell","level":3,"score":0.44012635946273804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780394083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q539568","display_name":"Angiogenesis","level":2,"score":0.4252224564552307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1491633281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7868","display_name":"Cell","level":2,"score":0.42474377155303955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.411583811044693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.16593611240386963}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001424","descriptor_name":"Bacterial Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002470","descriptor_name":"Cell Survival","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002908","descriptor_name":"Chronic Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007157","descriptor_name":"Immunologic Surveillance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007249","descriptor_name":"Inflammation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007372","descriptor_name":"Interferons","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009369","descriptor_name":"Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009369","descriptor_name":"Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009369","descriptor_name":"Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009389","descriptor_name":"Neovascularization, Pathologic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009857","descriptor_name":"Oncogenes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009858","descriptor_name":"Oncogenic Viruses","qualifier_ui":"Q000472","qualifier_name":"pathogenicity","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014777","descriptor_name":"Virus Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015536","descriptor_name":"Down-Regulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016328","descriptor_name":"NF-kappa B","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016923","descriptor_name":"Cell Death","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019139","descriptor_name":"Tumor Escape","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049109","descriptor_name":"Cell Proliferation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:16610708","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16610708","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancer treatment and research","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:49762702","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16610708","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9537000060081482,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":192,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W714337","https://openalex.org/W22289436","https://openalex.org/W55293628","https://openalex.org/W85394751","https://openalex.org/W87652383","https://openalex.org/W136309404","https://openalex.org/W146766802","https://openalex.org/W184065906","https://openalex.org/W203004974","https://openalex.org/W616479322","https://openalex.org/W777730927","https://openalex.org/W1482804511","https://openalex.org/W1482968628","https://openalex.org/W1484592346","https://openalex.org/W1486674927","https://openalex.org/W1488389671","https://openalex.org/W1493243104","https://openalex.org/W1493297369","https://openalex.org/W1500013333","https://openalex.org/W1512972301","https://openalex.org/W1525077036","https://openalex.org/W1545398558","https://openalex.org/W1547303537","https://openalex.org/W1559586482","https://openalex.org/W1560344048","https://openalex.org/W1561960945","https://openalex.org/W1562585824","https://openalex.org/W1569095844","https://openalex.org/W1578954095","https://openalex.org/W1581524975","https://openalex.org/W1592064949","https://openalex.org/W1593177203","https://openalex.org/W1602356478","https://openalex.org/W1607278719","https://openalex.org/W1642873092","https://openalex.org/W1814410326","https://openalex.org/W1821790954","https://openalex.org/W1835750525","https://openalex.org/W1850326393","https://openalex.org/W1897423088","https://openalex.org/W1903239102","https://openalex.org/W1937185223","https://openalex.org/W1945598588","https://openalex.org/W1949052814","https://openalex.org/W1951553828","https://openalex.org/W1963751449","https://openalex.org/W1964700098","https://openalex.org/W1967526789","https://openalex.org/W1968075576","https://openalex.org/W1971212979","https://openalex.org/W1972992388","https://openalex.org/W1973807310","https://openalex.org/W1974342849","https://openalex.org/W1976572431","https://openalex.org/W1977100019","https://openalex.org/W1979188601","https://openalex.org/W1980713739","https://openalex.org/W1981306890","https://openalex.org/W1981744882","https://openalex.org/W1982440683","https://openalex.org/W1983060585","https://openalex.org/W1983486536","https://openalex.org/W1985600345","https://openalex.org/W1987536971","https://openalex.org/W1990769261","https://openalex.org/W1991148746","https://openalex.org/W1992214979","https://openalex.org/W1994212588","https://openalex.org/W1994231991","https://openalex.org/W1994321967","https://openalex.org/W1994723579","https://openalex.org/W1995987937","https://openalex.org/W1996551804","https://openalex.org/W1996672697","https://openalex.org/W1997537478","https://openalex.org/W1997827395","https://openalex.org/W2000425457","https://openalex.org/W2004771750","https://openalex.org/W2005634497","https://openalex.org/W2006924771","https://openalex.org/W2009267633","https://openalex.org/W2010870294","https://openalex.org/W2013092976","https://openalex.org/W2014624348","https://openalex.org/W2016332596","https://openalex.org/W2017270092","https://openalex.org/W2019813857","https://openalex.org/W2021992999","https://openalex.org/W2022075225","https://openalex.org/W2023813169","https://openalex.org/W2025139016","https://openalex.org/W2026318599","https://openalex.org/W2027569621","https://openalex.org/W2028802255","https://openalex.org/W2031531345","https://openalex.org/W2031585104","https://openalex.org/W2031841357","https://openalex.org/W2034043967","https://openalex.org/W2035377036","https://openalex.org/W2036042116","https://openalex.org/W2036069120","https://openalex.org/W2036500213","https://openalex.org/W2036667886","https://openalex.org/W2036999053","https://openalex.org/W2037932608","https://openalex.org/W2039027300","https://openalex.org/W2039360725","https://openalex.org/W2040335036","https://openalex.org/W2040473792","https://openalex.org/W2041104977","https://openalex.org/W2042845484","https://openalex.org/W2042878187","https://openalex.org/W2044192395","https://openalex.org/W2046454404","https://openalex.org/W2046972425","https://openalex.org/W2047814166","https://openalex.org/W2048518879","https://openalex.org/W2051260092","https://openalex.org/W2056509223","https://openalex.org/W2056687480","https://openalex.org/W2059756989","https://openalex.org/W2059851697","https://openalex.org/W2063448523","https://openalex.org/W2064706357","https://openalex.org/W2065447462","https://openalex.org/W2065945819","https://openalex.org/W2068145387","https://openalex.org/W2069271823","https://openalex.org/W2069378448","https://openalex.org/W2074134609","https://openalex.org/W2074678795","https://openalex.org/W2074940071","https://openalex.org/W2076685716","https://openalex.org/W2081237630","https://openalex.org/W2082634729","https://openalex.org/W2083331777","https://openalex.org/W2084391519","https://openalex.org/W2085191451","https://openalex.org/W2086018316","https://openalex.org/W2086517030","https://openalex.org/W2086770363","https://openalex.org/W2087242915","https://openalex.org/W2090681869","https://openalex.org/W2092021793","https://openalex.org/W2093915058","https://openalex.org/W2094985098","https://openalex.org/W2095572685","https://openalex.org/W2095864883","https://openalex.org/W2096069362","https://openalex.org/W2102916120","https://openalex.org/W2103565638","https://openalex.org/W2107899546","https://openalex.org/W2109721791","https://openalex.org/W2112963437","https://openalex.org/W2115743823","https://openalex.org/W2117936592","https://openalex.org/W2118506874","https://openalex.org/W2121338893","https://openalex.org/W2123239648","https://openalex.org/W2128179579","https://openalex.org/W2128350634","https://openalex.org/W2128969791","https://openalex.org/W2129727010","https://openalex.org/W2134310257","https://openalex.org/W2137074525","https://openalex.org/W2137695731","https://openalex.org/W2138310782","https://openalex.org/W2141704910","https://openalex.org/W2147090502","https://openalex.org/W2150492554","https://openalex.org/W2152175101","https://openalex.org/W2154666567","https://openalex.org/W2156956292","https://openalex.org/W2159133324","https://openalex.org/W2160791327","https://openalex.org/W2161074777","https://openalex.org/W2164559478","https://openalex.org/W2166127280","https://openalex.org/W2171095250","https://openalex.org/W2186258915","https://openalex.org/W2285494180","https://openalex.org/W2311972351","https://openalex.org/W2323593510","https://openalex.org/W2327827282","https://openalex.org/W2340893063","https://openalex.org/W2343956642","https://openalex.org/W2409498455","https://openalex.org/W2412644915","https://openalex.org/W2413923527","https://openalex.org/W2414286130","https://openalex.org/W4250385376","https://openalex.org/W4300381508"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4317923752","https://openalex.org/W2040335036","https://openalex.org/W4403381266","https://openalex.org/W2342874801","https://openalex.org/W2591256837","https://openalex.org/W7067686842","https://openalex.org/W4311161234","https://openalex.org/W4416509880","https://openalex.org/W2135447760","https://openalex.org/W2761096948"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"role":[1],"of":[2,8,49,76,120],"infectious":[3],"agents":[4],"in":[5,28,35,62,167,178],"the":[6,54,87,92,101,118,135,155,175,179],"development":[7,119],"cancer":[9],"is":[10,126,157,186],"well-established.":[11],"For":[12],"example,":[13],"numerous":[14],"RNA":[15],"and":[16,30,100,142,170],"DNA":[17],"viruses":[18,41],"express":[19],"dedicated":[20],"oncoproteins":[21],"that":[22,57,185],"are":[23,42,58,172,183],"able":[24],"to":[25,60,73,95,147,161],"transform":[26],"cells":[27,112],"vitro":[29],"induce":[31],"rapid":[32],"tumor":[33,111],"formation":[34],"experimental":[36],"animals.":[37,52],"Curiously,":[38],"these":[39],"acutely-transforming":[40],"seldom":[43],"associated":[44],"with":[45],"naturally":[46],"occurring":[47],"neoplasms":[48],"humans":[50],"or":[51],"Conversely,":[53],"microbial":[55,151],"pathogens":[56,152],"linked":[59],"cancers":[61],"natural":[63],"hosts":[64],"rarely":[65],"encode":[66],"acutely":[67],"transforming":[68],"proteins.":[69],"Moreover,":[70],"they":[71,182],"tend":[72],"down-regulate":[74],"most":[75],"their":[77],"genes":[78,81],"except":[79],"for":[80,129,188],"affecting":[82],"cell":[83,94,140,168],"survival,":[84],"often":[85],"via":[86],"NF-kappaB":[88],"pathway.":[89],"This":[90],"allows":[91],"pre-neoplastic":[93],"avoid":[96],"triggering":[97],"cytotoxic":[98],"immunity":[99],"ensuing":[102],"acute":[103],"inflammation.":[104],"These":[105],"host":[106],"responses":[107],"not":[108],"only":[109,164],"kill":[110],"directly,":[113],"but":[114,177],"also":[115],"strongly":[116],"suppress":[117],"new":[121],"blood":[122],"vessels":[123],"(neovascularization),":[124],"which":[125],"absolutely":[127],"essential":[128],"neoplastic":[130,139],"growth.":[131],"Chronic":[132],"inflammation,":[133],"on":[134],"other":[136],"hand,":[137],"promotes":[138],"growth":[141],"may":[143],"even":[144],"be":[145],"conducive":[146],"neovascularization.":[148],"Thus,":[149],"cancer-associated":[150],"must":[153],"follow":[154],"\"less":[156],"more\"":[158],"principle.":[159],"According":[160],"this":[162],"principle,":[163],"minor":[165],"perturbations":[166],"proliferation":[169],"death":[171],"tolerated":[173],"by":[174],"host,":[176],"long":[180],"run,":[181],"all":[184],"necessary":[187],"tumorigenesis.":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}