{"id":"https://openalex.org/W49457134","doi":null,"title":"Living wills and advance directives in South African Law.","display_name":"Living wills and advance directives in South African Law.","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W49457134","mag":"49457134","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15685928"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:15685928","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15685928","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medicine and law","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091489951","display_name":"Andrew Skeen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192619145","display_name":"University of the Witwatersrand","ror":"https://ror.org/03rp50x72","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192619145"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Skeen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192619145"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091489951"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192619145"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.02306381,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"4","first_page":"937","last_page":"43"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13275","display_name":"Medical and Health Sciences Research","score":0.6327999830245972,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13275","display_name":"Medical and Health Sciences Research","score":0.6327999830245972,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10177","display_name":"Palliative Care and End-of-Life Issues","score":0.24609999358654022,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13147","display_name":"Ethics and bioethics in healthcare","score":0.08969999849796295,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/living-wills","display_name":"living wills","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advance-directives","display_name":"advance directives","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/south-african-law","display_name":"South African law","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/euthanasia","display_name":"euthanasia","score":0.5870000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/withdrawal-of-life-sustaining-treatment","display_name":"withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-feeding","display_name":"artificial feeding","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/right-to-refuse-treatment","display_name":"right to refuse treatment","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-status-of-advance-directives","display_name":"legal status of advance directives","score":0.6959999799728394}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908857224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q555118","display_name":"Living Wills","level":3,"score":0.9477545022964478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.8019877672195435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779547435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1121492","display_name":"Directive","level":2,"score":0.6214249134063721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780608745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367293","display_name":"Convention","level":2,"score":0.5275363922119141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68365596","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2632182","display_name":"Medical law","level":2,"score":0.4681083858013153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.39671003818511963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.13329029083251953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001293","descriptor_name":"Attitude to Death","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005065","descriptor_name":"Euthanasia","qualifier_ui":"Q000331","qualifier_name":"legislation & jurisprudence","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012297","descriptor_name":"Right to Die","qualifier_ui":"Q000331","qualifier_name":"legislation & jurisprudence","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013019","descriptor_name":"South Africa","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013405","descriptor_name":"Suicide","qualifier_ui":"Q000331","qualifier_name":"legislation & jurisprudence","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016223","descriptor_name":"Advance Directives","qualifier_ui":"Q000331","qualifier_name":"legislation & jurisprudence","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016224","descriptor_name":"Living Wills","qualifier_ui":"Q000331","qualifier_name":"legislation & jurisprudence","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016312","descriptor_name":"Treatment Refusal","qualifier_ui":"Q000331","qualifier_name":"legislation & jurisprudence","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019452","descriptor_name":"Terminally Ill","qualifier_ui":"Q000331","qualifier_name":"legislation & jurisprudence","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D028761","descriptor_name":"Withholding Treatment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:15685928","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15685928","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medicine and law","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.library.georgetown.edu:10822/994991","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10822/994991","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402467","display_name":"DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210145449","host_organization_name":"Center for Security and Emerging Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"eweb:267059","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.7246000170707703,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7128767448","https://openalex.org/W3207212480","https://openalex.org/W2971333364","https://openalex.org/W3086641730","https://openalex.org/W26307162","https://openalex.org/W7220814551","https://openalex.org/W2994975444","https://openalex.org/W70175289","https://openalex.org/W2414621644","https://openalex.org/W2990279694"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,85,145],"legal":[1,64],"status":[2],"of":[3,22,35,66,72,82,100,166],"living":[4,40,92],"wills":[5],"and":[6,68,162,174],"advance":[7,37],"directives":[8],"in":[9,25,46,70,97,116,155,168],"South":[10,26,124,146],"African":[11,125,147],"Law":[12,148],"will":[13],"be":[14,76,120,141],"considered.":[15],"Presently":[16],"there":[17],"is":[18,129],"no":[19],"reported":[20],"judgment":[21],"a":[23,43,91,175],"court":[24],"Africa":[27],"which":[28],"has":[29,94,150],"directly":[30],"ruled":[31],"on":[32,160],"the":[33,48,63,83,98,108,138,153,163],"validity":[34],"an":[36,95],"directive":[38],"or":[39],"will.":[41],"In":[42,123],"case":[44],"decided":[45,59],"1992":[47],"issue":[49,154],"as":[50,90,111],"to":[51,53,62,78,132,142],"whether":[52],"discontinue":[54,79],"life":[55],"supporting":[56],"treatment":[57,135],"was":[58,115,178],"with":[60],"reference":[61],"persuasions":[65],"society":[67],"whether,":[69],"light":[71],"these,":[73],"it":[74],"would":[75],"reasonable":[77],"artificial":[80],"feeding":[81],"patient.":[84],"judge":[86],"indicated":[87],"that":[88,107],"just":[89],"person":[93,128],"interest":[96],"disposal":[99],"his":[101],"body":[102],"so":[103],"did":[104],"he":[105,114],"think":[106],"patient's":[109],"wishes":[110],"expressed":[112],"when":[113],"good":[117],"health":[118],"should":[119],"given":[121],"effect.":[122],"law":[126],"every":[127],"legally":[130],"entitled":[131,158],"refuse":[133],"medical":[134],"even":[136],"if":[137],"consequences":[139],"may":[140],"hasten":[143],"death.":[144],"Convention":[149],"extensively":[151],"investigated":[152],"its":[156],"report":[157],"Report":[159],"Euthanasia":[161],"Artificial":[164],"Preservation":[165],"Life":[167],"1998.":[169],"Certain":[170],"problems":[171],"were":[172],"identified":[173],"draft":[176],"bill":[177],"suggested.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}