{"id":"https://openalex.org/W47733060","doi":null,"title":"CD4+ T cells control measles virus infection of the central nervous system.","display_name":"CD4+ T cells control measles virus infection of the central nervous system.","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W47733060","mag":"47733060","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1353061","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1421536"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1421536","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1421536","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Immunology","raw_type":"Text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1421536","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085669238","display_name":"Anna Reich","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25974101","display_name":"University of W\u00fcrzburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00fbnyb24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25974101"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A Reich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Virologie und Immunbiologie, Universit\u00e4t W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Virologie und Immunbiologie, Universit\u00e4t W\u00fcrzburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25974101"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090242001","display_name":"Otto W Erlwein","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"O Erlwein","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075056794","display_name":"Stefan Niewiesk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4487-073X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4487-073X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S Niewiesk","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109212038","display_name":"Volker ter Meulen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V ter Meulen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088343134","display_name":"Uwe G. Liebert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5129-0875","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5129-0875"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"U G Liebert","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9541,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":39,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89735584,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"76","issue":"2","first_page":"185","last_page":"91"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11135","display_name":"Virology and Viral Diseases","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11135","display_name":"Virology and Viral Diseases","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10137","display_name":"Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measles-virus","display_name":"measles virus","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measles-encephalitis","display_name":"measles encephalitis","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cd4-t-cells","display_name":"CD4+ T cells","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virus-specific-t-cells","display_name":"virus-specific T cells","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adoptive-transfer","display_name":"adoptive transfer","score":0.5870000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferon-gamma","display_name":"interferon-gamma","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interleukin-2","display_name":"interleukin-2","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t-cell-mediated-cytotoxicity","display_name":"T cell cytotoxicity","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-clearance","display_name":"viral clearance","score":0.6000000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-nervous-system-infection","display_name":"central nervous system infection","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lewis-rat-model","display_name":"Lewis rat model","score":0.5220000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-structural-proteins","display_name":"viral structural proteins","score":0.40299999713897705}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778199166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q573943","display_name":"Measles virus","level":4,"score":0.7630612850189209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154317977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376266","display_name":"Cytotoxic T cell","level":3,"score":0.6998839974403381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90375314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3537484","display_name":"Adoptive cell transfer","level":4,"score":0.6455374956130981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6218546628952026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167672396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q417800","display_name":"CD8","level":3,"score":0.5904978513717651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.5820157527923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.5367388129234314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.5278636813163757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776090121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193529","display_name":"T cell","level":3,"score":0.5201190710067749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147483822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103537","display_name":"Antigen","level":2,"score":0.47828301787376404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.4660212993621826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779734145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3053951","display_name":"Viral encephalitis","level":4,"score":0.4486350417137146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83455156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199615","display_name":"Encephalitis","level":3,"score":0.35003596544265747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.26180174946784973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.25710350275039673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776438120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79793","display_name":"Measles","level":3,"score":0.21861186623573303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22070199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192995","display_name":"Vaccination","level":2,"score":0.1430422067642212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000914","descriptor_name":"Antibodies, Viral","qualifier_ui":"Q000096","qualifier_name":"biosynthesis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002460","descriptor_name":"Cell Line","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004660","descriptor_name":"Encephalitis","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008457","descriptor_name":"Measles","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008459","descriptor_name":"Measles virus","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011917","descriptor_name":"Rats, Inbred Lew","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013601","descriptor_name":"T-Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014764","descriptor_name":"Viral Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015153","descriptor_name":"Blotting, Western","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015496","descriptor_name":"CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016827","descriptor_name":"CD8 Antigens","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1421536","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1421536","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Immunology","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:1353061","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1353061","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Immunology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:47733060","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1353061","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1421536","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1421536","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Immunology","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9763000011444092}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1533153884","https://openalex.org/W1548755772","https://openalex.org/W1571756317","https://openalex.org/W1584650312","https://openalex.org/W1666250310","https://openalex.org/W1897038524","https://openalex.org/W1972752089","https://openalex.org/W2008116011","https://openalex.org/W2017605183","https://openalex.org/W2048638799","https://openalex.org/W2051110761","https://openalex.org/W2070180624","https://openalex.org/W2088378846","https://openalex.org/W2112923458","https://openalex.org/W2114688664","https://openalex.org/W2115570300","https://openalex.org/W2122014109","https://openalex.org/W2140279098","https://openalex.org/W2401335431"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2410993601","https://openalex.org/W2064505316","https://openalex.org/W2161846725","https://openalex.org/W1666250310","https://openalex.org/W4400180152","https://openalex.org/W1511694450","https://openalex.org/W1975265567","https://openalex.org/W2076266991","https://openalex.org/W2067352440","https://openalex.org/W2033718952"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"CD4+":[0,173,189],"T-cell":[1,78,174],"lines":[2,38,79],"with":[3,57],"specificity":[4,118],"for":[5,32],"individual":[6],"measles":[7],"virus":[8],"(MV)":[9],"structural":[10],"proteins":[11],"were":[12,28,46],"obtained":[13],"from":[14,23,132],"immunized":[15],"Lewis":[16,88],"rats.":[17],"Isolated":[18],"viral":[19,130,180],"proteins,":[20],"either":[21,104],"purified":[22],"virions":[24],"or":[25,106],"bacterially":[26],"expressed":[27],"used":[29],"as":[30],"antigens":[31],"immunological":[33],"assays.":[34],"All":[35],"the":[36,77,87,108,116,120,133,139,150,153,163,169,178],"cell":[37,121],"secreted":[39],"interferon-gamma":[40],"(IFN-gamma)":[41],"and":[42,111,128,145,152],"interleukin-2":[43],"(IL-2),":[44],"but":[45],"only":[47],"weakly":[48],"cytotoxic":[49],"to":[50],"autologous":[51],"MV-infected":[52],"astrocytes.":[53],"When":[54],"cultured":[55],"together":[56],"memory":[58],"splenic":[59],"B":[60],"lymphocytes":[61,161],"these":[62],"T":[63,102,160,190],"cells":[64,103],"did":[65,166],"not":[66,167],"induce":[67],"secretion":[68],"of":[69,76,93,98,119,143,149,158],"MV-specific":[70],"antibodies.":[71],"The":[72],"in":[73,82,86,138,162],"vivo":[74],"function":[75],"was":[80,125],"investigated":[81],"our":[83],"MV-encephalitis":[84],"model":[85],"rat.":[89],"Within":[90],"24":[91],"hr":[92],"intracerebral":[94],"infection,":[95],"adoptive":[96],"transfer":[97],"single":[99],"MV":[100],"protein-specific":[101],"decreased":[105],"prevented":[107],"subsequent":[109],"clinical":[110],"histological":[112],"disease":[113,182],"depending":[114],"on":[115],"MV-protein":[117],"lines.":[122],"Furthermore,":[123],"there":[124],"an":[126],"earlier":[127],"enhanced":[129],"clearance":[131],"CNS,":[134],"without":[135],"a":[136],"change":[137],"anti-MV":[140],"antibody":[141],"titres":[142],"serum":[144],"cerebrospinal":[146],"fluid":[147],"(CSF)":[148],"recipients":[151],"control-infected":[154],"animals.":[155],"Prior":[156],"depletion":[157],"CD8+":[159],"recipient":[164],"animals":[165],"abrogate":[168],"protection":[170],"conferred":[171],"by":[172,187],"lines,":[175],"indicating":[176],"that":[177],"acute":[179],"CNS":[181],"is":[183],"being":[184],"efficiently":[185],"controlled":[186],"virus-specific":[188],"cells.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}