{"id":"https://openalex.org/W46482996","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-93253-3_6","title":"Energy Selective Digital Radiography","display_name":"Energy Selective Digital Radiography","publication_year":1984,"publication_date":"1984-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W46482996","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-93253-3_6","mag":"46482996"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-642-93253-3_6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-93253-3_6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-93253-3_6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170122","display_name":"Lecture notes in medical informatics","issn_l":"0172-7788","issn":["0172-7788"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Medical Informatics","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1535582620","display_name":"Selected Topics in Image Science"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109962844","display_name":"Robert E. Alvarez","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Robert E. Alvarez","raw_affiliation_strings":["DigiRad Corporation, Palo Alto, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DigiRad Corporation, Palo Alto, California, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109962844"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.05392732,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"156","last_page":"170"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12386","display_name":"Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging","score":0.7929999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12386","display_name":"Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging","score":0.7929999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11361","display_name":"Digital Radiography and Breast Imaging","score":0.19300000369548798,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10844","display_name":"Radiation Dose and Imaging","score":0.0034000000450760126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/x-ray-attenuation-coefficient","display_name":"X-ray attenuation coefficient","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tissue-attenuation","display_name":"tissue attenuation","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/x-ray-energy-dependence","display_name":"X-ray energy dependence","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tissues","display_name":"tissues","score":0.4569999873638153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184652730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357982","display_name":"Attenuation","level":2,"score":0.7724037170410156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5291412472724915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36454342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245341","display_name":"Radiography","level":2,"score":0.4738001227378845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45235069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278425","display_name":"Table (database)","level":2,"score":0.4530654549598694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3758738040924072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3295324742794037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3258177638053894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.17329245805740356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.16423848271369934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-642-93253-3_6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-93253-3_6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-93253-3_6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170122","display_name":"Lecture notes in medical informatics","issn_l":"0172-7788","issn":["0172-7788"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Medical Informatics","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972037630","https://openalex.org/W1998088861","https://openalex.org/W1999631318","https://openalex.org/W2023269507","https://openalex.org/W2026154529","https://openalex.org/W2061517793","https://openalex.org/W2063567835"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2076653690","https://openalex.org/W2972243835","https://openalex.org/W4231748330","https://openalex.org/W2100970141","https://openalex.org/W6884911448","https://openalex.org/W4229524507","https://openalex.org/W1978095889","https://openalex.org/W1987436592","https://openalex.org/W1963684220","https://openalex.org/W2460627805"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-10T09:11:00.788812","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
