{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4628391","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt1973145773","title":"Introduction of new therapeutic drugs in the United States and Great Britain: An international comparison","display_name":"Introduction of new therapeutic drugs in the United States and Great Britain: An international comparison","publication_year":1973,"publication_date":"1973-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4628391","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt1973145773","mag":"4628391","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4147119"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/cpt1973145773","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt1973145773","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt1973145773","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S159852663","display_name":"Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics","issn_l":"0009-9236","issn":["0009-9236","1085-8733","1532-6535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Pharmacology &amp; Therapeutics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083500044","display_name":"William M. Wardell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1990-2708","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1990-2708"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28792581","display_name":"University of Rochester Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/00trqv719","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28792581","https://openalex.org/I5388228"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5388228","display_name":"University of Rochester","ror":"https://ror.org/022kthw22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"William M. Wardell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, N. Y"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, N. Y","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28792581","https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083500044"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28792581","https://openalex.org/I5388228"],"apc_list":{"value":4410,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4410},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":15.8211,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":99,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98551014,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"5","first_page":"773","last_page":"790"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11792","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11792","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11649","display_name":"Pharmaceutical industry and healthcare","score":0.004399999976158142,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14108","display_name":"Medical and Pharmaceutic Studies","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/new-drug-launches","display_name":"new drug introduction","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine-availability","display_name":"drug availability","score":0.5440000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-lag","display_name":"drug lag","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-national-comparison","display_name":"cross-national comparison","score":0.5989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/united-states","display_name":"United States","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/britain","display_name":"Great Britain","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/therapeutic-categories","display_name":"therapeutic categories","score":0.6790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-drugs","display_name":"cardiovascular drugs","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gastrointestinal-drugs","display_name":"gastrointestinal drugs","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/respiratory-drugs","display_name":"respiratory drugs","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diuretics","display_name":"diuretics","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibacterial-agents","display_name":"antibacterial agents","score":0.9959999918937683}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.48926612734794617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8386","display_name":"Drug","level":2,"score":0.4652918577194214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.3456018269062042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.34174060821533203}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000319","descriptor_name":"Adrenergic beta-Antagonists","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000700","descriptor_name":"Analgesics","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000777","descriptor_name":"Anesthetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000890","descriptor_name":"Anti-Infective Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000970","descriptor_name":"Antineoplastic Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002318","descriptor_name":"Cardiovascular Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004232","descriptor_name":"Diuretics","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004358","descriptor_name":"Drug Therapy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005765","descriptor_name":"Gastrointestinal Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006113","descriptor_name":"United Kingdom","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007166","descriptor_name":"Immunosuppressive Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009626","descriptor_name":"Terminology as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011188","descriptor_name":"Potassium","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011600","descriptor_name":"Psychopharmacology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012140","descriptor_name":"Respiratory Tract Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014944","descriptor_name":"World Health Organization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D064420","descriptor_name":"Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/cpt1973145773","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt1973145773","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt1973145773","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S159852663","display_name":"Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics","issn_l":"0009-9236","issn":["0009-9236","1085-8733","1532-6535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Pharmacology &amp; Therapeutics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:4147119","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4147119","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9476000070571899,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2110813871","https://openalex.org/W2472730578","https://openalex.org/W2060207975","https://openalex.org/W2471288323","https://openalex.org/W2415959193","https://openalex.org/W2462019527","https://openalex.org/W1986580698","https://openalex.org/W1601321756","https://openalex.org/W2039731139","https://openalex.org/W2114136779"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"pattern":[1],"of":[2,4,51],"introduction":[3,49],"new":[5,31],"therapeutic":[6,75],"drugs":[7,32],"in":[8,23,36,40,47,62,68,86],"the":[9,13,41,48,69,77],"United":[10,42,70],"States":[11],"during":[12],"decade":[14],"1962":[15],"to":[16,82],"1971":[17],"has":[18],"been":[19],"compared":[20],"with":[21],"that":[22],"Great":[24,37,63],"Britain.":[25],"Nearly":[26],"four":[27],"times":[28],"as":[29,39,57,65],"many":[30,58],"became":[33],"exclusively":[34],"available":[35],"Britain":[38,64],"States.":[43,71],"Where":[44],"differences":[45],"occurred":[46],"dates":[50],"mutually":[52],"introduced":[53,60,66],"drugs,":[54],"about":[55],"twice":[56],"were":[59],"first":[61,67],"When":[72],"examined":[73],"by":[74],"category,":[76],"drug":[78],"lag":[79],"was":[80],"found":[81],"be":[83],"most":[84],"marked":[85],"cardiovascular,":[87],"gastrointestinal,":[88],"respiratory,":[89],"diuretic,":[90],"and":[91],"antibacterial":[92],"drugs.":[93]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
