{"id":"https://openalex.org/W46257858","doi":null,"title":"Use of the balanced scorecard in health care.","display_name":"Use of the balanced scorecard in health care.","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W46257858","mag":"46257858","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12908650"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:12908650","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12908650","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of health care finance","raw_type":"Comparative Study"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021808084","display_name":"William N. \u017belman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William N Zelman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073098255","display_name":"George H. Pink","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5622-472X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5622-472X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George H Pink","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060347798","display_name":"Catherine Matthias","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Catherine B Matthias","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":28.5774,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":224,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99243643,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"4","first_page":"1","last_page":"16"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10797","display_name":"Accounting and Organizational Management","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10797","display_name":"Accounting and Organizational Management","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12871","display_name":"Healthcare Quality and Management","score":0.006099999882280827,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13896","display_name":"Health Services Management and Policy","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/balanced-scorecard","display_name":"balanced scorecard","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-organization","display_name":"health care organization","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strategic-management","display_name":"strategic management","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-care","display_name":"quality of care","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/healthcare-outcomes","display_name":"health care outcomes","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-access","display_name":"health care access","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/performance-measurement","display_name":"performance measurement","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/healthcare-management","display_name":"health management","score":0.5320000052452087}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199004533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210127","display_name":"Balanced scorecard","level":2,"score":0.9783803224563599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.7352950572967529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5897553563117981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.46289482712745667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.3690963387489319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.32468295097351074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.16339978575706482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003659","descriptor_name":"Decision Making, Organizational","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004059","descriptor_name":"Diffusion of Innovation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005246","descriptor_name":"Feedback","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006298","descriptor_name":"Health Services Administration","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008330","descriptor_name":"Management Audit","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009936","descriptor_name":"Organizational Innovation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009937","descriptor_name":"Organizational Objectives","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010934","descriptor_name":"Planning Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017749","descriptor_name":"Total Quality Management","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019984","descriptor_name":"Quality Indicators, Health Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019985","descriptor_name":"Benchmarking","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:12908650","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12908650","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of health care finance","raw_type":"Comparative Study"},{"id":"mag:46257858","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12908650","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6240000128746033,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W46214699","https://openalex.org/W89125409","https://openalex.org/W149645669","https://openalex.org/W2021117601","https://openalex.org/W2040406821","https://openalex.org/W2141825420","https://openalex.org/W2190313079","https://openalex.org/W3151727758"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2461026568","https://openalex.org/W1968019595","https://openalex.org/W2336253604","https://openalex.org/W2160563522","https://openalex.org/W3038866023","https://openalex.org/W2171678855","https://openalex.org/W1505126241","https://openalex.org/W46214699","https://openalex.org/W2148222938","https://openalex.org/W4406535771"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Since":[0],"Kaplan":[1],"and":[2,19,36,53,93,102,105,136],"Norton":[3],"published":[4],"their":[5],"article":[6,25],"proposing":[7],"a":[8,62,120],"balanced":[9,31,40],"scorecard,":[10],"the":[11,27,30,39,97,128],"concept":[12],"has":[13,70,81,107],"been":[14,71,82,108],"widely":[15],"adopted":[16],"by":[17,61,110],"industry":[18,52],"health":[20,34,46,66,116,121],"care":[21,35,67,117,122],"provider":[22],"organizations.":[23],"This":[24],"reviews":[26],"use":[28],"of":[29,65,77,90,130],"scorecard":[32],"in":[33,119,127],"concludes":[37],"that":[38,76],"scorecard:":[41],"(1)":[42],"is":[43,56,59],"relevant":[44],"to":[45,50,73,84],"care,":[47,91],"but":[48],"modification":[49],"reflect":[51],"organizational":[54],"realities":[55],"necessary;":[57],"(2)":[58],"used":[60,109],"wide":[63],"range":[64],"organizations;":[68],"(3)":[69],"extended":[72],"applications":[74],"beyond":[75],"strategic":[78],"management;":[79],"(4)":[80],"modified":[83],"include":[85],"perspectives,":[86],"such":[87],"as":[88],"quality":[89],"outcomes,":[92],"access;":[94],"(5)":[95],"increases":[96],"need":[98],"for":[99],"valid,":[100],"comprehensive,":[101],"timely":[103],"information;":[104],"(6)":[106],"two":[111],"large-scale":[112],"efforts":[113],"across":[114],"many":[115],"organizations":[118],"sector,":[123],"which":[124],"differ,":[125],"namely":[126],"units":[129],"analysis,":[131],"purposes,":[132],"audiences,":[133],"methods,":[134],"data,":[135],"results.":[137]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":22}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}