{"id":"https://openalex.org/W44892693","doi":null,"title":"Summary of research issues in personal, interpersonal, and group dynamics.","display_name":"Summary of research issues in personal, interpersonal, and group dynamics.","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W44892693","mag":"44892693","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10993305"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:10993305","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10993305","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Aviation, space, and environmental medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032670872","display_name":"Nick Kanas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0327-5312","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0327-5312"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1315708478","display_name":"San Francisco VA Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/049peqw80","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315708478","https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210125474","https://openalex.org/I4210143381"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110664","display_name":"University of California San Francisco Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01t8svj65","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110664"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N Kanas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry, University of California and VA Medical Center, San Francisco 94121, USA. nick21@itsa.ucsf.edu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, University of California and VA Medical Center, San Francisco 94121, USA. nick21@itsa.ucsf.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1315708478","https://openalex.org/I180670191","https://openalex.org/I4210110664"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111451516","display_name":"B Caldwell","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B Caldwell","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00491817,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"9 Suppl","first_page":"A26","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12005","display_name":"Spaceflight effects on biology","score":0.5942000150680542,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12005","display_name":"Spaceflight effects on biology","score":0.5942000150680542,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10970","display_name":"Team Dynamics and Performance","score":0.3668999969959259,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14214","display_name":"Space Exploration and Technology","score":0.0348999984562397,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space-crews","display_name":"space crews","score":0.5830000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mission-control","display_name":"mission control","score":0.5059999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpersonal-dynamics","display_name":"interpersonal dynamics","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group-dynamics","display_name":"group dynamics","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leadership-positions","display_name":"leadership roles","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group-cohesion","display_name":"group cohesion","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group-tension","display_name":"group tension","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scapegoating","display_name":"scapegoating","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/miscommunication","display_name":"miscommunication","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voice-analysis","display_name":"voice analysis","score":0.7080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/countermeasures","display_name":"countermeasures","score":0.6439999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crew-size","display_name":"crew size","score":0.4779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-duration-spaceflight","display_name":"long-duration spaceflight","score":0.7879999876022339}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780179797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q345844","display_name":"Crew","level":2,"score":0.8387076258659363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164850336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3685487","display_name":"Interpersonal communication","level":2,"score":0.7696586847305298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14641543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q553270","display_name":"Group cohesiveness","level":2,"score":0.6795241832733154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6126444339752197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.530958354473114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25761169","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1757070","display_name":"Mission control center","level":2,"score":0.4813062250614166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781201115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912143","display_name":"Scapegoating","level":3,"score":0.44277462363243103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104054115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216828","display_name":"Cohesion (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.42185068130493164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781140086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557945","display_name":"Confusion","level":2,"score":0.42008721828460693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.3291699290275574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.27843230962753296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178802073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8421","display_name":"Aeronautics","level":1,"score":0.21052619814872742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.13334542512893677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003142","descriptor_name":"Communication","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003466","descriptor_name":"Cultural Characteristics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004644","descriptor_name":"Emotions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007398","descriptor_name":"Interpersonal Relations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007802","descriptor_name":"Language","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013026","descriptor_name":"Space Flight","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:10993305","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10993305","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Aviation, space, and environmental medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:44892693","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10993305","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2417185797","https://openalex.org/W70887551","https://openalex.org/W87612773","https://openalex.org/W4318944273","https://openalex.org/W2105749815","https://openalex.org/W2314368212","https://openalex.org/W2010599932","https://openalex.org/W1964394716","https://openalex.org/W2039008173","https://openalex.org/W2006383135"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"People":[0],"working":[1],"on":[2,37,228,244],"space":[3,43,125,143],"missions,":[4],"whether":[5],"they":[6],"are":[7,33,100],"crewmembers":[8],"or":[9],"Mission":[10,128],"Control":[11,129],"personnel,":[12],"must":[13],"interact":[14],"in":[15,102,157],"groups.":[16],"Consequently,":[17],"it":[18],"is":[19],"important":[20,181],"to":[21,28,88,160,172,179,200,210],"consider":[22],"interpersonal":[23,136,203,217],"and":[24,39,56,61,79,83,97,127,135,145,152,168,184,207,216,225,232,234,242,248],"group":[25,70,87,112],"dynamic":[26],"issues":[27,50,109],"assure":[29],"that":[30,51,65,99,187],"mission":[31],"goals":[32],"accomplished.":[34],"Simulation":[35],"studies":[36],"Earth":[38],"anecdotal":[40],"reports":[41],"from":[42,85],"have":[44],"described":[45],"a":[46],"number":[47],"of":[48,81,107,142,150,196,223,239],"such":[49],"include":[52,68],"crew":[53,229,240,245],"heterogeneity,":[54],"culture":[55,151],"language":[57,153,226],"variations,":[58],"leadership":[59],"roles,":[60],"personality":[62],"differences.":[63,154],"Problems":[64],"can":[66],"result":[67],"increased":[69],"tension,":[71,230,246],"decreased":[72],"cohesion,":[73,231,247],"subgrouping,":[74],"scapegoating,":[75],"miscommunication,":[76],"role":[77],"confusion,":[78],"displacement":[80],"tension":[82],"dysphoria":[84],"one":[86],"another.":[89],"The":[90],"three":[91,116],"papers":[92],"by":[93],"Drs.":[94],"Caldwell,":[95],"Kanas,":[96],"Stuster":[98],"presented":[101],"this":[103],"session":[104],"address":[105],"some":[106],"these":[108],"at":[110],"the":[111,139,148,185,194,221,237],"level.":[113],"They":[114],"suggest":[115],"critical":[117],"questions":[118,156],"related":[119,164],"to:":[120,165],"1)":[121,166],"improving":[122],"communication":[123,182],"between":[124],"crews":[126],"personnel;":[130],"2)":[131,176],"dealing":[132],"with":[133,212],"emotional":[134,215],"decrements":[137],"during":[138],"second":[140,213],"half":[141,214],"missions;":[144],"3)":[146,192],"minimizing":[147],"effects":[149,222,238],"These":[155],"turn":[158],"lead":[159],"six":[161],"research":[162],"strategies":[163],"developing":[167,177,206],"testing":[169,208],"new":[170],"technologies":[171],"enhance":[173],"crew-ground":[174],"communication;":[175],"tools":[178],"recognize":[180],"themes":[183],"factors":[186],"affect":[188],"them":[189],"over":[190],"time;":[191],"studying":[193,220,236],"ability":[195],"voice":[197],"analysis":[198],"technology":[199],"detect":[201],"on-board":[202],"stress;":[204],"4)":[205],"countermeasures":[209],"deal":[211],"decrements;":[218],"5)":[219],"cultural":[224],"differences":[227],"performance;":[233],"6)":[235],"heterogeneity":[241],"size":[243],"performance.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}