{"id":"https://openalex.org/W44284924","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ilr.12079","title":"The scars of youth: Effects of early\u2010career unemployment on future unemployment experience","display_name":"The scars of youth: Effects of early\u2010career unemployment on future unemployment experience","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W44284924","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ilr.12079","mag":"44284924"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/ilr.12079","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ilr.12079","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ilr.12079","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S50174339","display_name":"International Labour Review","issn_l":"0020-7780","issn":["0020-7780","1564-913X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","ddh","doaj","fnege-3","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Labour Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029607402","display_name":"Achim Daniel Schmillen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334329717","display_name":"World Bank","ror":"https://ror.org/00ae7jd04","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1334329717","https://openalex.org/I55633929"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Achim SCHMILLEN","raw_affiliation_strings":["World Bank, Washington, DC"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"World Bank, Washington, DC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334329717"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085152832","display_name":"Matthias Umkehrer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2607685603","display_name":"Institut f\u00fcr Arbeitsmarkt und Berufsforschung","ror":"https://ror.org/02qcqwf93","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2607685603"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Matthias UMKEHRER","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Employment Research (IAB) Nuremberg"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Employment Research (IAB) Nuremberg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2607685603"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029607402","https://openalex.org/A5085152832"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334329717","https://openalex.org/I2607685603"],"apc_list":{"value":3090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3090},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":54.7509,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":332,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99893715,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"156","issue":"3-4","first_page":"465","last_page":"494"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10208","display_name":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","score":0.8246999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10208","display_name":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","score":0.8246999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13762","display_name":"Education and Labor Relations","score":0.08910000324249268,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11959","display_name":"Employment and Welfare Studies","score":0.060100000351667404,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scarring-effects","display_name":"scarring effects","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labor-market-experience","display_name":"labor market experience","score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unemployment-duration","display_name":"unemployment duration","score":0.5569999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linked-employer-employee-data","display_name":"employer-employee data","score":0.5540000200271606}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778126366","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41171","display_name":"Unemployment","level":2,"score":0.9352302551269531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.6703094840049744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135335626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5281746","display_name":"Discouraged worker","level":4,"score":0.6491512656211853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.6334813237190247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154775046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188","display_name":"German","level":2,"score":0.597912609577179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780438764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4261734","display_name":"Youth unemployment","level":3,"score":0.5097607970237732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.42565232515335083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994488168","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41171","display_name":"Unemployment rate","level":3,"score":0.1321212351322174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.11032643914222717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/ilr.12079","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ilr.12079","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ilr.12079","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S50174339","display_name":"International Labour Review","issn_l":"0020-7780","issn":["0020-7780","1564-913X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","ddh","doaj","fnege-3","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Labour Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":91,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W113285337","https://openalex.org/W1489162372","https://openalex.org/W1499786153","https://openalex.org/W1502210375","https://openalex.org/W1532822229","https://openalex.org/W1567879020","https://openalex.org/W1576324128","https://openalex.org/W1585672624","https://openalex.org/W1589612416","https://openalex.org/W1600766559","https://openalex.org/W1775910570","https://openalex.org/W1793223149","https://openalex.org/W1953626533","https://openalex.org/W1967337118","https://openalex.org/W1973731779","https://openalex.org/W1974606514","https://openalex.org/W1994135567","https://openalex.org/W2007856058","https://openalex.org/W2010777522","https://openalex.org/W2013750717","https://openalex.org/W2017074113","https://openalex.org/W2024676754","https://openalex.org/W2024810644","https://openalex.org/W2026405711","https://openalex.org/W2032536532","https://openalex.org/W2041630208","https://openalex.org/W2048482810","https://openalex.org/W2053229861","https://openalex.org/W2054412195","https://openalex.org/W2059053591","https://openalex.org/W2067117805","https://openalex.org/W2069634547","https://openalex.org/W2072132385","https://openalex.org/W2073545875","https://openalex.org/W2075427517","https://openalex.org/W2083082567","https://openalex.org/W2083485815","https://openalex.org/W2083847737","https://openalex.org/W2089583970","https://openalex.org/W2089895814","https://openalex.org/W2092107418","https://openalex.org/W2101856657","https://openalex.org/W2102236934","https://openalex.org/W2112352537","https://openalex.org/W2117323684","https://openalex.org/W2120937813","https://openalex.org/W2122153309","https://openalex.org/W2123750251","https://openalex.org/W2124400200","https://openalex.org/W2124758339","https://openalex.org/W2127503409","https://openalex.org/W2131275242","https://openalex.org/W2136915936","https://openalex.org/W2138290169","https://openalex.org/W2141338891","https://openalex.org/W2143499562","https://openalex.org/W2143582155","https://openalex.org/W2143856073","https://openalex.org/W2144277844","https://openalex.org/W2148897567","https://openalex.org/W2155453909","https://openalex.org/W2157369980","https://openalex.org/W2159427618","https://openalex.org/W2162625153","https://openalex.org/W2170007391","https://openalex.org/W2170545497","https://openalex.org/W2233290443","https://openalex.org/W2567786126","https://openalex.org/W2790706800","https://openalex.org/W2889575791","https://openalex.org/W2889772781","https://openalex.org/W2890683413","https://openalex.org/W3121162534","https://openalex.org/W3121258962","https://openalex.org/W3121492916","https://openalex.org/W3121773996","https://openalex.org/W3122451905","https://openalex.org/W3122531453","https://openalex.org/W3122822979","https://openalex.org/W3123058307","https://openalex.org/W3123563672","https://openalex.org/W3124271479","https://openalex.org/W3125031979","https://openalex.org/W3125133038","https://openalex.org/W3125601827","https://openalex.org/W3125759170","https://openalex.org/W4205305095","https://openalex.org/W4241653265","https://openalex.org/W4246607039","https://openalex.org/W4249635551","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7095398721","https://openalex.org/W2338311783","https://openalex.org/W7113568352","https://openalex.org/W2106272592","https://openalex.org/W1981580537","https://openalex.org/W2790706800","https://openalex.org/W2523483605","https://openalex.org/W6939984468","https://openalex.org/W2551902666","https://openalex.org/W3125133038"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Does":[1],"early\u2010career":[2,27],"unemployment":[3,28,48,59],"cause":[4],"future":[5],"unemployment?":[6],"The":[7],"authors":[8],"approach":[9],"this":[10],"question":[11],"using":[12],"German":[13],"administrative":[14],"matched":[15],"employer\u2013employee":[16],"data":[17],"that":[18,73],"track":[19],"almost":[20],"700,000":[21],"individuals":[22,81],"over":[23],"24":[24],"years.":[25],"Instrumenting":[26],"with":[29],"firm\u2010specific":[30],"labour":[31,56],"demand":[32],"shocks,":[33],"they":[34],"find":[35],"significant":[36],"and":[37,87],"long\u2010lasting":[38],"\u201cscarring":[39],"effects\u201d.":[40],"In":[41],"the":[42,50,55,61,74],"mean,":[43],"each":[44],"additional":[45],"day":[46],"of":[47,90],"during":[49],"first":[51],"eight":[52],"years":[53,64],"on":[54],"market":[57],"increases":[58],"in":[60],"following":[62],"16":[63],"by":[65],"half":[66],"a":[67],"day.":[68],"However,":[69],"quantile":[70],"regressions":[71],"show":[72],"scarring":[75],"effects":[76],"are":[77],"much":[78],"stronger":[79],"for":[80],"who":[82],"already":[83],"suffer":[84],"from":[85],"lengthy":[86],"repeated":[88],"spells":[89],"unemployment.":[91]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":88},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":75},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
