{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4417469476","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1329878x251406315","title":"Digital policy as problem space: policy formation, public opinion, and Australia's Online Safety Amendment (Social Media Minimum Age) Act 2024","display_name":"Digital policy as problem space: policy formation, public opinion, and Australia's Online Safety Amendment (Social Media Minimum Age) Act 2024","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4417469476","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1329878x251406315"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/1329878x251406315","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1329878x251406315","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1329878x251406315","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394736938","display_name":"Media International Australia","issn_l":"1324-5325","issn":["1324-5325","1329-878X","2200-467X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Media International Australia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1329878x251406315","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016132882","display_name":"Terry Flew","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4485-9338","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4485-9338"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Terry Flew","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Sydney, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4485-9338","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090975561","display_name":"Timothy Koskie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4352-1115","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4352-1115"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timothy Koskie","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Sydney, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4352-1115","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036035772","display_name":"Agata Stepnik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1172-789X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1172-789X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Agata Stepnik","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Sydney, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1172-789X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016132882"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"fwci":19.6357,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99161074,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14432","display_name":"Freedom of Expression and Defamation","score":0.447299987077713,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14432","display_name":"Freedom of Expression and Defamation","score":0.447299987077713,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10557","display_name":"Social Media and Politics","score":0.2240999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13364","display_name":"Digitalization, Law, and Regulation","score":0.03970000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/problem-space","display_name":"problem space","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-harms","display_name":"online harms","score":0.6029999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/youth-online-safety","display_name":"youth online safety","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-opinion","display_name":"public opinion","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/e-governance","display_name":"digital governance","score":0.48899999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/media-literacy","display_name":"media literacy","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/platform-accountability","display_name":"platform accountability","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legislative-responsiveness","display_name":"legislative responsiveness","score":0.49900001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/australia","display_name":"Australia","score":0.531000018119812}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169087156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2131593","display_name":"Framing (construction)","level":2,"score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5461999773979187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.5440000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17632256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1076968","display_name":"Digital media","level":2,"score":0.4993000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83009810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11204","display_name":"Legislature","level":2,"score":0.48159998655319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.47859999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109986646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546113","display_name":"Public policy","level":2,"score":0.4758000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133979268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1682108","display_name":"Vision","level":2,"score":0.460999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.44839999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201305675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852998","display_name":"Stakeholder","level":2,"score":0.41119998693466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776889888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135789","display_name":"Unintended consequences","level":2,"score":0.4000000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992086703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1916409","display_name":"Media policy","level":3,"score":0.3693999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.3693000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134698397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17946","display_name":"Public opinion","level":3,"score":0.35370001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.35339999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777351106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49371","display_name":"Legislation","level":2,"score":0.35030001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.34049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184356942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830382","display_name":"Best practice","level":2,"score":0.31690001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994536602","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12616","display_name":"First amendment","level":3,"score":0.29339998960494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777646416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242069","display_name":"Digital literacy","level":2,"score":0.29179999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776475305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29627","display_name":"Public interest","level":2,"score":0.2718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99574664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q683794","display_name":"New media","level":2,"score":0.2712000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162222271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92779871","display_name":"Public good","level":2,"score":0.262800008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780631258","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1633452","display_name":"Internet governance","level":3,"score":0.26010000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C536601067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192855","display_name":"Alternative media","level":2,"score":0.2572999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777976496","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q541936","display_name":"Public participation","level":2,"score":0.25600001215934753}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/1329878x251406315","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1329878x251406315","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1329878x251406315","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394736938","display_name":"Media International Australia","issn_l":"1324-5325","issn":["1324-5325","1329-878X","2200-467X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Media International Australia","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.5310865","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5310865","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5310865","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ses.library.usyd.edu.au:2123/34025","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ssrn.com/abstract=5310865","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402414","display_name":"The Sydney eScholarship Repository (The University of Sydney)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","host_organization_name":"The University of Sydney","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/1329878x251406315","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1329878x251406315","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1329878x251406315","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394736938","display_name":"Media International Australia","issn_l":"1324-5325","issn":["1324-5325","1329-878X","2200-467X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Media International Australia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8046000003814697,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7441888199","display_name":"Mediated Trust: Ideas, Interests, Institutions, Futures","funder_award_id":"FL230100075","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976371016","https://openalex.org/W2081417527","https://openalex.org/W2486175580","https://openalex.org/W2505736406","https://openalex.org/W2771364323","https://openalex.org/W2938133123","https://openalex.org/W2958431678","https://openalex.org/W4200583603","https://openalex.org/W4211048498","https://openalex.org/W4236413281","https://openalex.org/W4386593126","https://openalex.org/W4407073388"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1,41,78],"examines":[2],"Australia's":[3],"Online":[4],"Safety":[5],"Amendment":[6],"(Social":[7],"Media":[8],"Minimum":[9],"Age)":[10],"Act":[11],"2024":[12],"as":[13],"a":[14,74,109],"case":[15,129],"study":[16],"in":[17,133],"digital":[18,134,148],"policy":[19],"formation,":[20],"focusing":[21],"on":[22,66],"the":[23,31,40,44,77,98,106],"socio-political":[24],"processes":[25],"that":[26],"shaped":[27],"its":[28],"development.":[29],"Framing":[30],"debate":[32],"through":[33,54],"Celia":[34],"Lury's":[35],"concept":[36],"of":[37,46,111,115,146],"\u2018problem":[38],"spaces\u2019,":[39],"explores":[42],"how":[43,92],"issue":[45],"youth":[47,147],"and":[48,60,70,108,118,125,143],"social":[49],"media":[50,123],"use":[51],"is":[52],"constructed":[53],"\u2018givens\u2019":[55],"(perceived":[56],"risks),":[57],"\u2018goals\u2019":[58],"(protection),":[59],"contested":[61],"\u2018operators\u2019":[62],"(policy":[63],"solutions).":[64],"Drawing":[65],"public":[67,81,107,137],"opinion":[68],"surveys":[69],"stakeholder":[71],"submissions":[72],"to":[73,94],"parliamentary":[75],"inquiry,":[76],"finds":[79],"widespread":[80],"concern":[82],"about":[83,91],"online":[84],"harms,":[85],"especially":[86],"for":[87,139],"minors,":[88],"but":[89],"disagreement":[90],"best":[93],"address":[95],"them.":[96],"While":[97],"Act's":[99],"age":[100],"restriction":[101],"was":[102],"broadly":[103],"supported":[104],"by":[105],"majority":[110],"stakeholders,":[112],"critics":[113],"warn":[114],"unintended":[116],"consequences":[117],"advocate":[119],"alternative":[120],"measures":[121],"including":[122],"literacy":[124],"platform":[126],"accountability.":[127],"The":[128],"reveals":[130],"broader":[131],"tensions":[132],"governance":[135],"between":[136],"demand":[138],"action,":[140],"legislative":[141],"responsiveness,":[142],"competing":[144],"visions":[145],"rights.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2025-12-18T00:00:00"}
