{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4417469401","doi":"https://doi.org/10.34067/kid.0000001002","title":"Tubular Biomarkers and Retinal Microvasculature","display_name":"Tubular Biomarkers and Retinal Microvasculature","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4417469401","doi":"https://doi.org/10.34067/kid.0000001002","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41411113"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.34067/kid.0000001002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.34067/kid.0000001002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.34067/kid.0000001002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210217782","display_name":"Kidney360","issn_l":"2641-7650","issn":["2641-7650"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Kidney360","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.34067/kid.0000001002","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055634897","display_name":"Keren Cohen\u2010Hagai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1894-6956","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1894-6956"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16391192","display_name":"Tel Aviv University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16391192"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801839060","display_name":"Meir Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04pc7j325","country_code":"IL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801839060"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Keren Cohen-Hagai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel and Gray Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1894-6956","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel and Gray Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16391192","https://openalex.org/I2801839060"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055634897"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16391192","https://openalex.org/I2801839060"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.4400059,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"12","first_page":"2054","last_page":"2056"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10408","display_name":"Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes","score":0.9452999830245972,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10408","display_name":"Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes","score":0.9452999830245972,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.01269999984651804,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10684","display_name":"Acute Kidney Injury Research","score":0.011699999682605267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tubular-biomarkers","display_name":"tubular biomarkers","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinal-microvasculature","display_name":"retinal microvasculature","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic-syndrome","display_name":"cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renal-tubular-injury","display_name":"renal tubular injury","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inter-organ-communication","display_name":"inter-organ communication","score":0.7490000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kim-1","display_name":"KIM-1","score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supar","display_name":"suPAR","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mcp-1","display_name":"MCP-1","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-necrosis-factor-receptor","display_name":"TNF receptor","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epidermal-growth-factor","display_name":"epidermal growth factor","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alpha-1-microglobulin","display_name":"alpha1-microglobulin","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uromodulin","display_name":"uromodulin","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinal-microvascular-dysfunction","display_name":"retinal microvascular dysfunction","score":0.5649999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subclinical-kidney-injury","display_name":"subclinical kidney injury","score":0.3409999907016754}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7581999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778653478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054718","display_name":"Kidney disease","level":2,"score":0.6657000184059143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113280763","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2326546","display_name":"Subclinical infection","level":2,"score":0.5999000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780473172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5572518","display_name":"Glycemic","level":3,"score":0.5472999811172485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.5170999765396118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.5157999992370605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780578515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657193","display_name":"Metabolic syndrome","level":3,"score":0.5049999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.48339998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778198053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181754","display_name":"Heart failure","level":2,"score":0.4381999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.43700000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780091579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9377","display_name":"Kidney","level":2,"score":0.4000000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.3840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780472472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424337","display_name":"Acute kidney injury","level":2,"score":0.3668000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909478654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844935","display_name":"Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease","level":3,"score":0.36070001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778426790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1649580","display_name":"Organ dysfunction","level":3,"score":0.3440999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777180221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 diabetes","level":3,"score":0.335099995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.32829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.32010000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197934379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2047938","display_name":"Adverse effect","level":2,"score":0.31709998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780972559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q550061","display_name":"Endothelial dysfunction","level":2,"score":0.30730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.3068999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779161974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815819","display_name":"Atrial fibrillation","level":2,"score":0.29179999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018799218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188193","display_name":"Organ system","level":3,"score":0.2849999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.27129998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778402494","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599756","display_name":"National Cholesterol Education Program","level":4,"score":0.2614000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159641895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108377937","display_name":"Renal function","level":2,"score":0.25360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778213512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844935","display_name":"Coronary artery disease","level":2,"score":0.2502000033855438}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.34067/kid.0000001002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.34067/kid.0000001002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.34067/kid.0000001002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210217782","display_name":"Kidney360","issn_l":"2641-7650","issn":["2641-7650"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Kidney360","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41411113","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41411113","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Kidney360","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12708365","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12708365/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Kidney360","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.34067/kid.0000001002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.34067/kid.0000001002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.34067/kid.0000001002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210217782","display_name":"Kidney360","issn_l":"2641-7650","issn":["2641-7650"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Kidney360","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2012911679","https://openalex.org/W4286002018","https://openalex.org/W4366608423","https://openalex.org/W4380264534","https://openalex.org/W4387435427","https://openalex.org/W4392561648","https://openalex.org/W4396926081","https://openalex.org/W4402066452","https://openalex.org/W4411687848","https://openalex.org/W4414012674"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,54,549,736,876,1225],"American":[1],"Heart":[2],"Association":[3],"recently":[4],"introduced":[5],"the":[6,13,26,46,50,91,115,176,216,385,419,444,476,518,565,593,655,726,799,839,846,860,868,873,890,1054,1140,1153,1158,1187,1231,1255,1267,1280],"cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic":[7],"(CKM)":[8],"syndrome":[9,96],"framework1":[10],"to":[11,250,439,475,488,563,591,612,660,732,758,851,1018,1254,1285],"emphasize":[12],"interconnected":[14],"risks":[15],"of":[16,32,45,82,94,117,169,199,218,296,402,421,435,446,469,478,511,520,546,552,571,631,654,657,672,801,841,862,872,878,892,906,981,1034,1056,1116,1123,1134,1152,1175,1257,1282],"cardiovascular":[17,84,193,224,466,791,950],"disease":[18,34,228,448,717],"(CVD),":[19],"CKD,":[20,108,470,677,1121],"and":[21,35,57,64,85,99,112,128,147,173,181,194,230,260,266,279,291,302,325,330,379,387,418,424,433,449,464,471,497,507,513,525,533,536,568,574,578,600,635,684,697,725,742,760,773,821,881,895,904,919,927,951,989,1009,1070,1091,1094,1113,1137,1167,1178,1196,1206,1228,1240,1271,1278,1289],"metabolic":[22,58,65,170,303,523,579,716,822,952,1062],"disorders.":[23],"CKM":[24,47,95,104,139,165,354,856,874,893,913,1000,1039,1276],"highlights":[25,175,933,1279],"urgent":[27],"need":[28,177],"for":[29,36,178,965,998,1048,1142],"earlier":[30,901,973],"recognition":[31],"subclinical":[33,358,572,729,912,1287],"integrated":[37,182],"management":[38,183],"strategies":[39,184],"across":[40,452],"specialties.":[41],"A":[42,131],"key":[43],"feature":[44,545],"concept":[48],"is":[49,202,428,555,1016],"cross-talk":[51],"between":[52,530,595],"organs.":[53],"heart,":[55],"kidneys,":[56],"tissues":[59],"communicate":[60],"through":[61],"hemodynamic,":[62],"inflammatory,":[63],"pathways,":[66,375],"creating":[67],"a":[68,153,244,391,429,485,556,588,605,628,651,670,885,896,958,1031,1215],"network":[69],"where":[70],"dysfunction":[71,817,1027],"in":[72,78,156,215,270,287,292,334,340,366,415,443,494,604,665,709,767,782,798,813,830,844,859,867,946,961,975,1037,1075,1083,1118,1131,1235],"one":[73],"organ":[74,211,236,907,1147],"can":[75,363,780,948],"exacerbate":[76,941],"injury":[77,240,290,310,345,451,599,731,849,926,937,1022,1136],"others,":[79],"amplifying":[80,114,855],"risk":[81,116,144,171,510,569,857,902,962,980],"adverse":[83,118],"kidney":[86,129,227,238,309,447,450,597,771,808,847],"outcomes.":[87,953],"Risks":[88],"associated":[89,409,461,502,747,1098],"with":[90,101,152,161,410,462,503,641,748,769,916,977,987,1061,1099,1120,1243],"different":[92],"stages":[93],"are":[97,267,332,1081,1127,1169,1172],"cumulative":[98],"synergistic,":[100],"each":[102,137],"additional":[103,138],"component":[105,140],"(hypertension,":[106],"diabetes,":[107,676],"dysfunctional":[109],"adipose":[110],"tissue,":[111],"hyperlipidemia)":[113],"outcomes":[119],"such":[120,257,1064],"as":[121,243,258,294,337,339,1065],"microvascular":[122,252,491,526,541,602,662,667,734,784,820,929,1026,1176,1262],"dysfunction,":[123,944],"atherosclerotic":[124],"CVD,":[125,679],"heart":[126,386],"failure,":[127],"failure.":[130],"large":[132],"cohort":[133,560,630],"study":[134,551,561,1154,1268],"demonstrated":[135,738,1106],"that":[136,185,222,739,777,807,824,1107,1230,1251],"increases":[141],"all-cause":[142,232],"mortality":[143,149],"by":[145,150,888,899,1001,1129],"22%":[146],"CVD":[148,512,644,827],"37%,":[151],"marked":[154],"increase":[155,825],"incident":[157],"ESKD":[158],"risk,":[159,225,828],"compared":[160],"individuals":[162,201,640,710,768,831,976],"without":[163,675,711,832],"any":[164],"components.2":[166],"This":[167,803,837],"convergence":[168],"factors":[172,570],"CKD":[174,423,834,864],"early":[179,353,544,596,722,870,928,1038,1049,1143,1275],"detection":[180,903],"address":[186],"not":[187,1180,1209,1221],"only":[188],"glycemic":[189],"issues,":[190],"but":[191],"also":[192,348,583],"renal":[195,416,789,1290],"health.":[196,253],"Early":[197],"identification":[198],"high-risk":[200,1003],"clinically":[203,642],"important":[204,1272],"because":[205],"it":[206,910,932],"allows":[207],"intervention":[208,974,1144],"before":[209,787,1005,1145],"irreversible":[210,1146],"damage":[212,1148],"occurs,":[213],"particularly":[214],"era":[217],"novel":[219,1046,1270],"disease-modifying":[220],"therapies":[221],"reduce":[223],"slow":[226],"progression,":[229,567],"lower":[231],"mortality.3":[233],"Within":[234],"this":[235],"cross-talk,":[237,843],"tubular":[239,273,289,306,342,359,397,537,585,598,658,687,707,730,778,816,879,925,936,966,985,1021,1086,1135,1283],"has":[241,407],"emerged":[242],"sensitive":[245],"yet":[246],"often":[247],"underrecognized":[248],"contributor":[249],"systemic":[251,300,335,373,490,601,661,733,783,942,991,1025,1035],"Although":[254],"glomerular":[255],"markers,":[256],"eGFR":[259,918],"albuminuria,":[261,775],"have":[262,459,500,1105],"been":[263,408,460,501],"studied":[264],"extensively":[265],"commonly":[268],"used":[269],"clinical":[271,454,795,1006,1183],"practice,4":[272],"biomarkers":[274,346,362,538,659,708,880,967,986,1284],"remain":[275],"comparatively":[276],"less":[277,280],"explored":[278],"frequently":[281],"applied,":[282],"despite":[283],"their":[284,1236],"critical":[285,719],"roles":[286],"reflecting":[288],"serving":[293],"indicators":[295],"interorgan":[297,367],"communication,":[298],"influencing":[299],"inflammation":[301,1036,1093],"homeostasis.":[304],"Key":[305],"biomarkers,":[307,586,688],"including":[308,627,1201],"molecule-1":[311],"(KIM-1),":[312],"soluble":[313],"urokinase":[314],"plasminogen":[315],"activator":[316],"receptor":[317,1073],"(suPAR),":[318],"monocyte":[319],"chemoattractant":[320],"protein-1,":[321],"TNF":[322],"receptors":[323],"1":[324],"2,":[326],"EGF,":[327],"\u03b1-1":[328],"microglobulin,":[329],"uromodulin,":[331],"involved":[333,442],"processes":[336,1096],"well":[338,786],"local":[341],"injury.5":[343],"Tubular":[344,369],"may":[347,371,539,818,922,938,1044,1220],"provide":[349,484],"unique":[350,589],"insights":[351,720,956,1273],"into":[352,721,1274],"pathophysiology.":[355],"By":[356],"detecting":[357],"injury,":[360,1258],"these":[361,763,955,1042,1265],"reveal":[364],"disruptions":[365],"communication.":[368],"stress":[370],"activate":[372],"inflammatory":[374,1249],"impair":[376],"endothelial":[377,547,943],"function,":[378,417],"influence":[380,519],"vascular":[381,482,505,521,690,853,1288],"tone,":[382],"ultimately":[383],"affecting":[384],"blood":[388],"vessels.":[389],"KIM-1,":[390],"transmembrane":[392],"protein":[393],"upregulated":[394],"on":[395,1198],"proximal":[396,1085],"epithelial":[398],"cells":[399],"under":[400],"conditions":[401],"ischemic":[403],"or":[404,678,715,790,835,865,940,1028,1261],"toxic":[405],"stress,":[406,524],"left":[411],"ventricular":[412],"hypertrophy,":[413],"decline":[414],"progression":[420,468],"both":[422,1111],"CVD.5\u20137":[425],"Conversely,":[426],"suPAR":[427,457,754],"circulating":[430,1112],"signaling":[431],"glycoprotein":[432],"marker":[434],"immune":[436],"activation,":[437],"thought":[438],"be":[440,811],"directly":[441,1181],"pathogenesis":[445],"multiple":[453],"contexts.":[455],"Elevated":[456],"levels":[458,745,1115],"structural":[463],"functional":[465],"abnormalities,":[467],"immune-mediated":[472],"mechanisms":[473,727],"contributing":[474],"pathophysiology":[477,1277],"cardiorenal":[479],"disease.5,8":[480],"Retinal":[481],"measurements":[483],"noninvasive":[486],"approach":[487,997],"evaluate":[489],"function.":[492],"Changes":[493],"retinal":[495,531,666,689,693,699,882],"arteriolar":[496,532,694],"venular":[498,534,700],"diameters":[499,535],"impaired":[504],"function":[506,772],"an":[508,543,978,995],"increased":[509],"CKD.":[514],"These":[515,1126],"changes":[516,724,785],"reflect":[517,1222,1246],"disease,":[522,796],"dysfunction.":[527,548,735],"Accordingly,":[528],"associations":[529,764,1233],"indicate":[540],"rarefaction,":[542],"multiethnic":[550],"atherosclerosis":[553,573],"(MESA)":[554],"large,":[557],"prospective,":[558],"community-based,":[559],"designed":[562],"investigate":[564],"prevalence,":[566],"its":[575],"cardiovascular,":[576,713],"renal,":[577,714],"consequences.9":[580],"Notably,":[581],"MESA":[582,615],"measured":[584,681,1213],"providing":[587],"opportunity":[590],"explore":[592],"relationship":[594],"health":[603,663,809,1177],"diverse,":[606],"community-dwelling":[607],"population.6,8":[608],"From":[609],"July":[610,613],"2000":[611],"2002,":[614],"enrolled":[616],"6814":[617],"adults":[618],"age":[619],"45\u201384":[620],"years":[621,1194],"from":[622],"six":[623,682,685],"US":[624],"communities,":[625],"intentionally":[626],"diverse":[629],"Asian,":[632],"Black,":[633],"Hispanic,":[634],"White":[636],"participants,":[637],"while":[638],"excluding":[639],"apparent":[643],"at":[645,1214],"baseline.":[646],"Ahmadi":[647],"et":[648],"al.":[649],"offer":[650],"compelling":[652],"illustration":[653],"relevance":[656],"represented":[664],"changes.9":[668],"In":[669,1185],"subset":[671],"470":[673],"participants":[674],"they":[680,1171],"plasma":[683,741,753],"urinary":[686,743,1114],"diameters,":[691],"central":[692,698],"equivalents":[695,701],"(CRAE),":[696],"(CRVEs),":[702],"using":[703],"fundus":[704],"photography.":[705],"Assessing":[706],"overt":[712,794,833,863],"provides":[718,1269],"pathophysiologic":[723],"linking":[728],"authors":[737,1226],"higher":[740,1244],"KIM-1":[744,1101,1117],"were":[746,756,765,1189],"narrower":[749],"CRAE,":[750],"whereas":[751],"elevated":[752,979,1100],"concentrations":[755],"linked":[757],"CRAE":[759,1166,1239],"CRVE.":[761],"Importantly,":[762],"observed":[766,1234],"preserved":[770,917],"no":[774],"indicating":[776],"perturbations":[779],"manifest":[781],"traditional":[788,970],"markers":[792,992,1133,1174],"detect":[793,1286],"even":[797,829,858],"absence":[800,861],"diabetes.":[802,836],"cross-organ":[804],"communication":[805],"underscores":[806],"cannot":[810],"considered":[812],"isolation;":[814],"subtle":[815],"propagate":[819],"disturbances":[823],"future":[826],"supports":[838],"notion":[840],"tubular-vascular":[842],"which":[845,945,1219],"communicates":[848],"signals":[850],"distant":[852],"beds,":[854],"diabetes":[866],"very":[869],"phase":[871],"syndrome.":[875,1040],"integration":[877],"imaging":[883,988],"offers":[884],"conceptual":[886],"advance,":[887,898],"broadening":[889],"understanding":[891],"pathophysiology,":[894],"practical":[897],"enabling":[900],"assessment":[905],"cross-talk.":[908],"First,":[909,1157],"identifies":[911],"risk;":[914],"patients":[915,1004,1119],"absent":[920],"albuminuria":[921],"nonetheless":[923],"exhibit":[924],"changes.":[930],"Second,":[931,1164],"multiorgan":[934],"interactions;":[935],"initiate":[939],"turn":[947],"affect":[949],"Clinically,":[954],"suggest":[957],"paradigm":[959],"shift":[960],"stratification.":[963],"Screening":[964],"could":[968,993],"complement":[969],"measures,":[971],"allowing":[972],"CKM.":[982],"Moreover,":[983],"combining":[984],"other":[990,1132],"enable":[994],"individualized":[996],"treating":[999],"identifying":[1002],"events":[1007],"occur":[1008],"thereby":[1010],"guiding":[1011],"multidisciplinary":[1012],"interventions.":[1013],"Additional":[1014],"investigation":[1015],"needed":[1017],"determine":[1019],"whether":[1020],"actively":[1023],"drives":[1024],"simply":[1029],"reflects":[1030],"parallel":[1032],"process":[1033],"Understanding":[1041],"pathways":[1043],"identify":[1045],"targets":[1047],"therapeutic":[1050],"intervention,":[1051],"potentially":[1052],"enhancing":[1053],"benefits":[1055],"emerging":[1057],"cardio-renal":[1058],"protective":[1059],"agents":[1060],"effects,":[1063],"sodium\u2013glucose":[1066],"cotransporter":[1067],"(SGLT2)":[1068],"inhibitors":[1069,1080],"glucagon-like":[1071],"peptide-1":[1072],"agonists,":[1074],"at-risk":[1076],"populations.":[1077],"Mechanistically,":[1078],"SGLT2":[1079,1108],"well-established":[1082],"reducing":[1084],"workload,":[1087],"lowering":[1088],"intraglomerular":[1089],"pressure,":[1090],"attenuating":[1092],"fibrosis,":[1095],"closely":[1097],"expression.":[1102],"Recent":[1103],"studies":[1104],"inhibition":[1109],"decreases":[1110],"independent":[1122],"baseline":[1124],"albuminuria.":[1125],"accompanied":[1128],"reductions":[1130],"inflammation,":[1138],"supporting":[1139],"rationale":[1141],"occurs.10":[1149],"Several":[1150],"limitations":[1151],"merit":[1155],"consideration.9":[1156],"cross-sectional":[1159],"design":[1160],"limits":[1161],"causal":[1162],"inference.":[1163],"although":[1165],"CRVE":[1168,1241],"validated,":[1170],"surrogate":[1173],"do":[1179],"capture":[1182],"events.":[1184],"addition,":[1186],"data":[1188],"collected":[1190],"more":[1191],"than":[1192],"20":[1193],"ago,":[1195],"information":[1197],"contemporaneous":[1199],"treatments,":[1200],"aspirin,":[1202],"renin-angiotensin":[1203],"system":[1204],"inhibitors,":[1205],"statins,":[1207],"was":[1208,1212],"presented.":[1210],"BP":[1211],"single":[1216],"time":[1217],"point,":[1218],"long-term":[1223],"exposure.":[1224],"noted":[1227],"explained":[1229],"divergent":[1232],"study\u2014specifically,":[1237],"wider":[1238],"correlating":[1242],"suPAR\u2014may":[1245],"complex":[1247],"vessel-specific":[1248],"responses":[1250],"vary":[1252],"according":[1253],"stage":[1256],"hemodynamic":[1259],"conditions,":[1260],"territory.":[1263],"Despite":[1264],"limitations,":[1266],"potential":[1281],"perturbations.":[1291]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-11T09:22:31.653822","created_date":"2025-12-18T00:00:00"}