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THE LY-A ABSORPTION LINE ALSO TRACES A CONTINUOUS COSMOLOGICAL FIELD  THE LYMAN-ALPHA FOREST  AND THE ENORMOUS RECENT INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF OBSERVED QUASAR SPECTRA HAVE MADE IT POSSIBLE TO INTERPOLATE BETWEEN QUASAR SIGHTLINES TO CREATE THREE DIMENSIONAL MAPS. BEING ABLE TO TRACE THE SAME COSMIC STRUCTURE IN EMISSION AND ABSORPTION OFFERS HUGE ADVANTAGES WHEN WE SEEK TOUNDERSTAND THE PROCESSES INVOLVED. IT WILL HELP US MAKE COMPREHENSIVE MAPS OF THE UNIVERSE'S CONTENTS AND OFFER US THE OPPORTUNITY TO CREATE NEW POWERFUL COSMOLOGICAL TESTS.IN OUR PROPOSED WORK WE WILL EXPLORE THE POSSIBILITIES AFFORDED BY TAKING GRISM AND INTEGRAL FIELD SPECTRA OF LARGE VOLUMES OF THE UNIVERSE  USING STATE-OF-THE-ART COSMOLOGICAL HYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS. WE WILL MAKE USE OF ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES DEVELOPED FOR THE LYMAN-ALPHA FOREST  AS WELL AS FOREST DATA ITSELF TO TEST THEM. OUR AIM IS TO DEVELOP INTENSITY MAPPING AS A COSMOLOGICAL TOOL AND SHOWHOW IT CAN BE USED TO ANSWER QUESTIONS ABOUT THE CONTENTS OF THE UNIVERSE AND THE FORMATION OF STRUCTURE THAT ARE NOT ACCESSIBLE TO TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUES. THE PROJECT WILL INVOLVE BOTH DIRECT SAMPLING OF COSMIC STRUCTURE AND CROSS-CORRELATIONS OF LINE INTENSITY AND OBJECTS (INCLUDING GALAXIES  QUASARS AND ABSORPTION LINES). EMISSION (E.G.  H-ALPHA EMISSION) AND ABSORPTION (LY ALPHA FOREST) WILLBE VIEWED AS CONTINUOUS FIELDS. USING LARGE VOLUME COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS COMBINED WITH POPULATION SYNTHESIS TECHNIQUES WE WILL MAKE SIMULATED SPECTRAL DATA SETS. THE TECHNIQUES TO ANALYZE THESE COSMOLOGICAL DATA CUBES WILL BE DEVELOPED. THE EXPECTED OUTCOMESARE THE FOLLOWING:(A) PREDICTIONS FOR THE LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE OF STRONG EMISSION LINES (INCLUDING HA  HB  LYA  OII  OIII) IN THE UNIVERSE USING HYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS INCLUDING THE CONTRIBUTION FROM ALL COMPONENTS  FROM QUASARS TO DIFFUSE EMSSION.(B) SIMULATIONS OF REALISTIC EXAMPLES OF THE USE OF IM AS A COSMOLOGICAL PROBE}  INCLUDING BARYON OSCILLATIONS AND WEAK GRAVITATIONAL LENSING.(C) TESTS OF TECHNIQUES TO DETECTION AND QUANTIFY THE LOW SURFACE BRIGHTNESS UNIVERSE  LEADING TO A COMPLETE CENSUS OF THE COSMIC INTENSITY IN SPECIFIC LINES SUCH AS OII AND HA.(D) DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNIQUES TO EXTRACT REDSHIFTS FOR INDIVIDUAL GALAXIES FROM LOW ANGULAR RESOLUTION IM SPECTROSCOPY.(E) MOCK CATALOGS FOR SPHEREX  EUCLID AND WFIRST SPECTROSCOPY OF DIFFUSE EMISSION  AS WELL AS FOR THE GALEX GRISM SURVEY AND TESTS OF ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES ON DATA FROM THE LATTER.","funder_award_id":"NNX17AK56G","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","funder_display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4349310131","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"80NSSC22K1897","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","funder_display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4352801196","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NNH24ZDA001N","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","funder_display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6726125005","display_name":"CDS&E: New Constraints on Extensions to the Cosmological Standard Model with the Lyman-Alpha Forest.","funder_award_id":"2509639","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6875922993","display_name":"Collaborative Research:  Discriminating Between Galactic Feedback Models with Next Generation Observations","funder_award_id":"2346977","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G824294325","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PHY-2020295","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","funder_display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8417715966","display_name":"AI Institute: Planning: Physics of the Future","funder_award_id":"2020295","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8585541598","display_name":"NSF-Simons AI Institute for Cosmic Origins","funder_award_id":"2421782","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science 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University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4416339350","https://openalex.org/W4415035772","https://openalex.org/W4410606837","https://openalex.org/W4417086517","https://openalex.org/W4417025127","https://openalex.org/W7223208240","https://openalex.org/W7120272302","https://openalex.org/W7214794950","https://openalex.org/W4400237019","https://openalex.org/W7212165612"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,30,61,238],"investigate":[1],"the":[2,13,57,78,102,135,159,181,186,197,205,215,221,249,253],"origin":[3,251],"of":[4,12,174,217,252,266],"Little":[5],"Red":[6],"Dots":[7],"(LRDs)":[8],"using":[9,48],"a":[10,64,71,88,172,264],"realization":[11,212],"BRAHMA":[14,211],"cosmological":[15],"hydrodynamic":[16],"simulation":[17],"that":[18,86,94,106,166,196,241],"produces":[19,87],"overmassive":[20,191,206,242],"black":[21,161,192,207,243],"holes":[22,208,244],"at":[23],"z":[24],"\u223c":[25,121],"4":[26,126],"-":[27],"8":[28],".":[29],"generate":[31],"mock":[32],"JWST":[33,156,255],"observations":[34],"by":[35,151],"modeling":[36],"galaxy":[37],"spectral":[38],"energy":[39],"distributions":[40],"(including":[41],"dust":[42],"attenuation)":[43],"together":[44],"with":[45,101,233],"AGN":[46,67,73,79,108],"emission":[47,68,74],"cloudy-based":[49],"templates,":[50],"and":[51,70,92,258],"test":[52],"whether":[53],"such":[54],"systems":[55],"reproduce":[56],"observed":[58,136,222,254],"LRD":[59,116,198,223,256],"population.":[60],"consider":[62],"both":[63],"standard":[65],"low-redshift":[66],"model":[69,184],"gas-enshrouded":[72,112,142,183],"model,":[75],"in":[76,97,110,178,209,229],"which":[77,147,189],"is":[80,148],"embedded":[81],"within":[82],"unresolved":[83],"dense":[84,230],"gas":[85,231],"strong":[89],"Balmer":[90],"break,":[91],"find":[93,195],"LRDs":[95,177],"emerge":[96],"significantly":[98],"larger":[99],"numbers":[100],"latter":[103],"model.":[104],"Assuming":[105],"all":[107],"reside":[109,228],"this":[111,167,210],"phase,":[113],"we":[114,194],"recover":[115],"number":[117],"densities":[118],"(":[119],"\u03a6":[120],"2":[122],"\u00d7":[123],"10":[124],"\u2212":[125,130],"M":[127],"p":[128],"c":[129],"3":[131],"),":[132],"close":[133],"to":[134,185,227,247],"abundance.":[137],"This":[138],"implies":[139],"an":[140],"effective":[141],"duty":[143,236],"cycle":[144],"approaching":[145],"unity,":[146],"not":[149],"predicted":[150],"current":[152],"theoretical":[153],"models.":[154],"Current":[155],"constraints":[157],"on":[158],"high-z":[160],"hole":[162],"mass":[163],"function":[164],"suggest":[165],"tension":[168],"may":[169,259],"arise":[170],"from":[171],"deficit":[173],"low-mass":[175],"()":[176],"BRAHMA.":[179],"Applying":[180],"same":[182],"ASTRID":[187],"simulation,":[188],"lacks":[190],"holes,":[193],"abundance":[199,224],"remains":[200],"below":[201],"observations.":[202],"Overall,":[203],"while":[204],"substantially":[213],"enhance":[214],"production":[216],"LRD-like":[218],"systems,":[219],"reproducing":[220],"requires":[225],"them":[226],"environments":[232],"unrealistically":[234],"high":[235],"cycles.":[237],"therefore":[239],"conclude":[240],"are":[245],"unlikely":[246],"be":[248],"sole":[250],"population,":[257],"instead":[260],"account":[261],"for":[262],"only":[263],"subset":[265],"these":[267],"systems.":[268]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2025-12-18T00:00:00"}