{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4417264141","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-67188-4","title":"Concurrent TB and HIV therapies control TB reactivation during co-infection but not chronic immune activation","display_name":"Concurrent TB and HIV therapies control TB reactivation during co-infection but not chronic immune activation","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4417264141","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-67188-4","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39257997","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11384027"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41467-025-67188-4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-67188-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-67188-4","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-67188-4_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64187185","display_name":"Nature Communications","issn_l":"2041-1723","issn":["2041-1723"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-67188-4_reference.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006770272","display_name":"Riti Sharan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8297-6634","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8297-6634"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289525096","display_name":"Texas Biomedical Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00wbskb04","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289525096"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Riti Sharan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA. rsharan@txbiomed.org","Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8297-6634","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA. rsharan@txbiomed.org","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289525096"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289525096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004117781","display_name":"Yi Zou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1742-9650","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1742-9650"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165951966","display_name":"The University of Texas at San Antonio Health Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02f6dcw23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165951966","https://openalex.org/I45438204"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, Long School of Medicine, UT Health, San Antonio, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, Long School of Medicine, UT Health, San Antonio, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165951966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084335613","display_name":"Bindu Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2974-1737","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2974-1737"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289525096","display_name":"Texas Biomedical Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00wbskb04","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289525096"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I288749910","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal","ror":"https://ror.org/02rb21j89","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I288749910"]}],"countries":["IN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bindu Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, MP, India","Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, MP, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I288749910"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289525096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033293713","display_name":"Vinay Shivanna","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4625-954X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4625-954X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289525096","display_name":"Texas Biomedical Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00wbskb04","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289525096"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vinay Shivanna","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289525096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101717432","display_name":"Edward J. Dick","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2373-7921","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2373-7921"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289525096","display_name":"Texas Biomedical Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00wbskb04","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289525096"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edward J. Dick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2373-7921","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289525096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024631022","display_name":"Shannan Hall-Ursone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3268-4438","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3268-4438"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289525096","display_name":"Texas Biomedical Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00wbskb04","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289525096"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shannan Hall-Ursone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289525096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109722825","display_name":"Xi Luo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I919571938","display_name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/03gds6c39","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xi Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["UTHealth Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UTHealth Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Guanlin Guo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I919571938","display_name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/03gds6c39","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guanlin Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["UTHealth Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UTHealth Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083188118","display_name":"Shabaana A. Khader","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9545-4982","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9545-4982"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shabaana A. Khader","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bernard and Betty Roizman Professor and Chair, University of Chicago Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9545-4982","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bernard and Betty Roizman Professor and Chair, University of Chicago Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091514501","display_name":"Xavier A. Alvarez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4129-3546","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4129-3546"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289525096","display_name":"Texas Biomedical Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00wbskb04","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289525096"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xavier Alvarez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289525096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078357876","display_name":"Jyothi Rengarajan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1241-4705","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1241-4705"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4392738091","display_name":"Emory National Primate Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/038kr2d80","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666","https://openalex.org/I4392738091"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jyothi Rengarajan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emory Vaccine Center and Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1241-4705","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emory Vaccine Center and Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666","https://openalex.org/I4392738091"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015534740","display_name":"Zhao Lai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3543-5376","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3543-5376"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165951966","display_name":"The University of Texas at San Antonio Health Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02f6dcw23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165951966","https://openalex.org/I45438204"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhao Lai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, Long School of Medicine, UT Health, San Antonio, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, Long School of Medicine, UT Health, San Antonio, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165951966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064494874","display_name":"Smriti Mehra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9923-8745","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9923-8745","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7942-0010"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289525096","display_name":"Texas Biomedical Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00wbskb04","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289525096"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Smriti Mehra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289525096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045155778","display_name":"Hulin Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5809-5407","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5809-5407"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I919571938","display_name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/03gds6c39","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hulin Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["UTHealth Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5809-5407","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UTHealth Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025375015","display_name":"Deepak Kaushal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3521-1257","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3521-1257"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289525096","display_name":"Texas Biomedical Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00wbskb04","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289525096"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Deepak Kaushal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA. dkaushal@txbiomed.org","Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3521-1257","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA. dkaushal@txbiomed.org","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289525096"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289525096"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006770272","https://openalex.org/A5025375015"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289525096"],"apc_list":{"value":6990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":6990},"apc_paid":{"value":6990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":6990},"fwci":4.5772,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95451255,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"1","first_page":"499","last_page":"499"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10038","display_name":"Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","score":0.9824000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10038","display_name":"Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","score":0.9824000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11381","display_name":"Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis","score":0.010099999606609344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.004100000020116568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberculosis-hiv-co-infection","display_name":"tuberculosis-HIV coinfection","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latent-tuberculosis-infection","display_name":"latent tuberculosis infection","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mycobacterium-tuberculosis","display_name":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simian-immunodeficiency-virus","display_name":"simian immunodeficiency virus","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/highly-active-antiretroviral-therapy","display_name":"highly active antiretroviral therapy","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberculosis-reactivation","display_name":"tuberculosis reactivation","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cd4-t-cell-exhaustion","display_name":"CD4+ T cell exhaustion","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/effector-memory-t-cells","display_name":"effector memory T cells","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-immune-activation","display_name":"chronic immune activation","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-i-interferon","display_name":"type I interferon","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/th1-th17-response","display_name":"Th1/Th17 response","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tnf-alpha","display_name":"TNF-\u03b1","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rhesus-macaques","display_name":"rhesus monkeys","score":0.9350000023841858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7946000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781069245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12204","display_name":"Tuberculosis","level":2,"score":0.7052000164985657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776991065","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3935297","display_name":"Rifapentine","level":5,"score":0.6818000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.6617000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.6471999883651733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777975735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130971","display_name":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis","level":3,"score":0.614300012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777275308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234668","display_name":"Cart","level":2,"score":0.5562999844551086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779806340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4254929","display_name":"Latent tuberculosis","level":4,"score":0.5077000260353088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779778235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q539986","display_name":"Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome","level":5,"score":0.5059999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777714996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886","display_name":"Lung","level":2,"score":0.45019999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993143319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583050","display_name":"Antiretroviral therapy","level":4,"score":0.39419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.39259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777995582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1890246","display_name":"Simian immunodeficiency virus","level":3,"score":0.3790999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909201284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835718","display_name":"AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections","level":5,"score":0.3783000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776967927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423169","display_name":"Isoniazid","level":3,"score":0.36959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142462285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2528140","display_name":"Viral load","level":3,"score":0.34700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777607303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641307","display_name":"Immunodeficiency","level":3,"score":0.34459999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.3352999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C500440147","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q701216","display_name":"Pharmacotherapy","level":2,"score":0.3255000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.32280001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780648854","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2745824","display_name":"Immunopathology","level":2,"score":0.3203999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61511704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857","display_name":"Incidence (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.3176000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51785407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2627568","display_name":"Effector","level":2,"score":0.2992999851703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779690655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374232","display_name":"Lentivirus","level":4,"score":0.27950000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779341262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182581","display_name":"Immunity","level":3,"score":0.2734000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22070199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192995","display_name":"Vaccination","level":2,"score":0.27239999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019392825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383126","display_name":"Chronic infection","level":3,"score":0.2606000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776488936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5452918","display_name":"Simian","level":3,"score":0.251800000667572}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":8,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41467-025-67188-4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-67188-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-67188-4","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-67188-4_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64187185","display_name":"Nature Communications","issn_l":"2041-1723","issn":["2041-1723"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-4908400/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4908400/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4908400/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-4908400/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmid:39257997","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39257997","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Research square","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmid:41387448","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41387448","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature communications","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12804781","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12804781/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nat Commun","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu:uthsph_docs-2434","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu/uthsph_docs/1474","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu/context/uthsph_docs/article/2434/viewcontent/41467_2025_Article_67188_compressed.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196655","display_name":"Digital Commons-TMC (Texas Medical Center)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1337852284","host_organization_name":"Texas Medical Center","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1337852284"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty, Staff and Student Publications","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11384027","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11384027","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11384027/pdf/nihpp-rs4908400v1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Res Sq","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:14bd33dc6fe9426b8b3cffdbe3a21d60","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/14bd33dc6fe9426b8b3cffdbe3a21d60","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Nature Communications, Vol 17, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41467-025-67188-4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-67188-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-67188-4","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-67188-4_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64187185","display_name":"Nature Communications","issn_l":"2041-1723","issn":["2041-1723"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1151069012","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P30-AI-168439","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1221135887","display_name":"Mays Cancer Center at UT Health SA","funder_award_id":"P30CA054174","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1365514440","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RP220662","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1820150561","display_name":"Illumina NovaSeq 6000 Sequencing System","funder_award_id":"1s10od030311-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2170398472","display_name":"Impact of concurrent HIV and latent TB therapies on Mtb-specific immune function","funder_award_id":"R01AI123047","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2288308281","display_name":"Characterizing IL-22 driven chronic immune activation in HIV/TB co-pandemic","funder_award_id":"K01OD031898","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2289643586","display_name":"Interdisciplinary NexGen TB research Advancement Center (IN-TRAC)","funder_award_id":"5p30ai168439-03","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G239774436","display_name":"Perturbation of antigen-specific T cell responses in latent TB/SIV co-infection","funder_award_id":"R01AI111943","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3106460318","display_name":"Significant upgrade and expansion of the Southwest National Primate Research Center Pathology Unit","funder_award_id":"1s10od028732-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3809574501","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AI123047","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4799359060","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01AI123047","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309123","funder_display_name":"Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5119769571","display_name":"Effect of IL-21 treatment concurrent to ART and 3HP in Mtb/SIV co-infection","funder_award_id":"1r56ai184089-01a1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5553123077","display_name":"Dual Beckman Coulter DxH 690T and Beckman Coulter DxH 560 AL","funder_award_id":"1s10od032443-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5827286289","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CA054174","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308129","funder_display_name":"Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6353975341","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01AI111943","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306085","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8404950870","display_name":"UTHSCSA Cancer Genome Sequencing and Computation Core","funder_award_id":"RP220662","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308129","funder_display_name":"Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G899216717","display_name":"Single cell trancriptomics to identify LTBI reactivation markers in TB/HIV co-infection","funder_award_id":"R21AI170148","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000056506","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"OD010442","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000324485","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CA054174","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000857394","display_name":"Emory/Georgia TB Research Advancement Center (TRAC)","funder_award_id":"P30AI168386","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000858916","display_name":"Establishment of a SPF Rhesus Macaque Colony","funder_award_id":"U42OD010442","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000865575","display_name":"Texas Developmental Center for AIDS Research","funder_award_id":"P30AI161943","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000878543","display_name":"The Southwest National Primate Research Center","funder_award_id":"P51OD011133","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000905965","display_name":"Advancing Cancer Research Through Next Generation Sequencing at Mays Cancer Center of UT Health San Antonio","funder_award_id":"R50CA265339","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G963978821","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AI111943","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306085","display_name":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","ror":"https://ror.org/033jnv181"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308129","display_name":"Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas","ror":"https://ror.org/0003xa228"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308573","display_name":"Gilead Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/056546b03"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309123","display_name":"Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312382","display_name":"ViiV Healthcare","ror":"https://ror.org/01cc9yk21"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4417264141.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4417264141.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":80,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W646865264","https://openalex.org/W1620582907","https://openalex.org/W1851889474","https://openalex.org/W1945178855","https://openalex.org/W1977868250","https://openalex.org/W1978436252","https://openalex.org/W1988906407","https://openalex.org/W1992113717","https://openalex.org/W2028462978","https://openalex.org/W2033343333","https://openalex.org/W2035602962","https://openalex.org/W2035732237","https://openalex.org/W2036234686","https://openalex.org/W2036238087","https://openalex.org/W2042424936","https://openalex.org/W2075752990","https://openalex.org/W2084074381","https://openalex.org/W2089403231","https://openalex.org/W2090102465","https://openalex.org/W2091129202","https://openalex.org/W2101534380","https://openalex.org/W2102799596","https://openalex.org/W2109543073","https://openalex.org/W2114377716","https://openalex.org/W2117433447","https://openalex.org/W2121449768","https://openalex.org/W2144386728","https://openalex.org/W2160166956","https://openalex.org/W2162638357","https://openalex.org/W2166112014","https://openalex.org/W2269375097","https://openalex.org/W2403671454","https://openalex.org/W2414157238","https://openalex.org/W2416685324","https://openalex.org/W2465612624","https://openalex.org/W2513992493","https://openalex.org/W2520295082","https://openalex.org/W2621785961","https://openalex.org/W2763260404","https://openalex.org/W2788322159","https://openalex.org/W2791882709","https://openalex.org/W2793076512","https://openalex.org/W2799364359","https://openalex.org/W2945132813","https://openalex.org/W2957359215","https://openalex.org/W2968071515","https://openalex.org/W2971962589","https://openalex.org/W2980979967","https://openalex.org/W2983514447","https://openalex.org/W2985588755","https://openalex.org/W3003268933","https://openalex.org/W3004480399","https://openalex.org/W3010372469","https://openalex.org/W3014021031","https://openalex.org/W3018022320","https://openalex.org/W3035506054","https://openalex.org/W3036503601","https://openalex.org/W3095935840","https://openalex.org/W3113032581","https://openalex.org/W3116593921","https://openalex.org/W3119153882","https://openalex.org/W3131424312","https://openalex.org/W3163935423","https://openalex.org/W3175189493","https://openalex.org/W3175581390","https://openalex.org/W3195948595","https://openalex.org/W3205575191","https://openalex.org/W3215558516","https://openalex.org/W4200095186","https://openalex.org/W4210594018","https://openalex.org/W4225137247","https://openalex.org/W4283269807","https://openalex.org/W4286498721","https://openalex.org/W4317867843","https://openalex.org/W4320491139","https://openalex.org/W4320918589","https://openalex.org/W4389101109","https://openalex.org/W4394932530","https://openalex.org/W4401387353","https://openalex.org/W4404993890"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3189156601","https://openalex.org/W4386370228","https://openalex.org/W3035506054","https://openalex.org/W2520295082","https://openalex.org/W3080958109","https://openalex.org/W3215558516","https://openalex.org/W3018022320","https://openalex.org/W7171356080","https://openalex.org/W2116182089","https://openalex.org/W2112362733"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1],"majority":[2],"of":[3,46,62,71,73,79,93,103,148,158,179,194,204,214,256,276,286,316,326,367,426],"Human":[4],"Immunodeficiency":[5,198],"Virus":[6,199],"(HIV)":[7],"negative":[8],"individuals":[9,413],"exposed":[10],"to":[11,34,36,219,242,261,292,298,302,333,340,375,420,445],"Mycobacterium":[12],"tuberculosis":[13,37],"(":[14],"Mtb":[15,80,215,287,377,389,410],")":[16],"control":[17,78],"the":[18,32,43,60,69,76,100,167,189,227,254,262,274,303,306,342,365,406,447],"bacillary":[19],"infection":[20,24,81],"as":[21,88],"latent":[22],"TB":[23,40,94,115,135,159],"(LTBI).":[25],"Co-infection":[26],"with":[27,51,246,364,385],"HIV,":[28],"however,":[29,240],"drastically":[30],"increases":[31],"risk":[33,70,416],"progression":[35,418],"(TB)":[38],"disease.":[39],"is":[41,59,82,443],"therefore":[42],"leading":[44],"cause":[45],"death":[47],"in":[48,65,95,136,143,166,188,226,265,282,312,354,429,439],"people":[49],"living":[50],"HIV":[52,63],"(PLWH)":[53],"globally.":[54],"Combinatorial":[55],"antiretroviral":[56],"therapy":[57,129,269,361],"(cART)":[58],"cornerstone":[61],"care":[64],"humans":[66],"and":[67,113,130,151,183,186,196,211,284,294,314,329,373],"reduces":[68],"reactivation":[72,424],"LTBI.":[74],"However,":[75],"immune":[77,437],"not":[83,271],"fully":[84],"restored":[85,174],"by":[86,90,175,408],"cART":[87,119,131,140,165,187,205,228,250,317,336],"indicated":[89],"higher":[91],"incidence":[92],"PLWH":[96],"despite":[97,118],"cART.":[98],"In":[99],"macaque":[101,191],"model":[102,193],"co-infection,":[104],"skewed":[105],"pulmonary":[106,355,430],"CD4":[107,257,278,308,345],"+":[108,206,229,258,279,309,318,337,346],"T":[109,259,280,310,347,379,431],"EM":[110],"responses":[111,383],"persist,":[112],"new":[114],"lesions":[116],"form":[117],"treatment.":[120],"We":[121,155],"hypothesized":[122],"that":[123,125,161,172,350,449],"regimens":[124],"concurrently":[126],"administer":[127],"anti-TB":[128],"would":[132],"significantly":[133,233,352],"reduce":[134],"co-infected":[137,266,289,412],"macaques":[138],"than":[139],"alone,":[141],"resulting":[142],"superior":[144],"bacterial":[145],"control,":[146],"mitigation":[147],"persistent":[149],"inflammation":[150],"lasting":[152],"protective":[153],"immunity.":[154],"studied":[156],"components":[157,438],"immunity":[160],"remain":[162,414],"impaired":[163],"after":[164,237],"lung":[168,263,285,315],"compartment,":[169],"versus":[170],"those":[171],"are":[173],"concurrent":[176],"3":[177],"months":[178],"once":[180],"weekly":[181],"isoniazid":[182],"rifapentine":[184],"(3HP)":[185],"rhesus":[190],"(RM)":[192],"LTBI":[195,334],"Simian":[197],"(SIV)":[200],"co-infection.":[201,359,459],"Concurrent":[202,268,360],"administration":[203],"3HP":[207,230,319,338],"did":[208,270],"improve":[209],"clinical":[210],"microbiological":[212],"attributes":[213],"/SIV":[216,288],"co-infection":[217],"compared":[218,291,332],"cART-na\u00efve":[220],"or":[221,423],"-untreated":[222],"RMs.":[223,335],"While":[224],"RMs":[225,290,321],"group":[231],"exhibited":[232,322],"lower":[234],"granuloma":[235],"volumes":[236],"treatment,":[238],"they,":[239],"continued":[241,297],"harbor":[243],"caseous":[244],"granulomas":[245],"increased":[247,324,376],"FDG":[248],"uptake.":[249],"only":[251],"partially":[252],"restores":[253],"constitution":[255],"cells":[260,281,311],"compartment":[264,356],"macaques.":[267],"further":[272],"enhance":[273],"frequency":[275],"reconstituted":[277,307],"BAL":[283,313],"cART,":[293],"treated":[295,320],"animals":[296],"display":[299],"incomplete":[300],"reconstitution":[301],"lung.":[304],"Furthermore,":[305],"an":[323],"frequencies":[325],"activated,":[327],"exhausted":[328],"inflamed":[330],"phenotype":[331],"failed":[339],"restore":[341],"effector":[343],"memory":[344],"cell":[348,432],"population":[349],"was":[351,362],"reduced":[353],"post":[357],"SIV":[358],"associated":[363],"induction":[366],"Type":[368],"I":[369],"IFN":[370],"transcriptional":[371],"signatures":[372],"led":[374],"-specific":[378,390],"H1":[380],"/T":[381],"H17":[382],"correlated":[384],"protection,":[386],"but":[387],"decreased":[388],"TNFa":[391],"responses,":[392],"which":[393,409],"could":[394],"have":[395],"a":[396],"detrimental":[397],"impact":[398],"on":[399],"long":[400],"term":[401],"protection.":[402],"Our":[403],"results":[404],"suggest":[405],"mechanisms":[407],"/HIV":[411],"at":[415],"for":[417,453,457],"due":[419,425],"subsequent":[421],"infections":[422],"persisting":[427],"defects":[428],"responses.":[433],"By":[434],"identifying":[435],"lung-specific":[436],"this":[440],"model,":[441],"it":[442],"possible":[444],"pinpoint":[446],"pathways":[448],"can":[450],"be":[451],"targeted":[452],"host-directed":[454],"adjunctive":[455],"therapies":[456],"TB/HIV":[458]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-01T11:40:01.658920","created_date":"2025-12-12T00:00:00"}