{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4417039362","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17306/j.afw.2025.2.11","title":"TAR PRODUCTION AND USE IN T\u00dcRKIYE: FROM PAST TO PRESENT","display_name":"TAR PRODUCTION AND USE IN T\u00dcRKIYE: FROM PAST TO PRESENT","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4417039362","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17306/j.afw.2025.2.11"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.17306/j.afw.2025.2.11","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17306/j.afw.2025.2.11","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17306/j.afw.2025.2.11","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.17306/j.afw.2025.2.11","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306500520","display_name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Silvarum Colendarum Ratio et Industria Lignaria","issn_l":"1644-0722","issn":["1644-0722","2450-7997"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["norway-1","poland-20"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Silvarum Colendarum Ratio et Industria Lignaria","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.17306/j.afw.2025.2.11","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032984877","display_name":"Nes\u0131be K\u00f6se","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5766-0526","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5766-0526"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112471","display_name":"Istanbul University-Cerrahpa\u015fa","ror":"https://ror.org/01dzn5f42","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112471"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67581229","display_name":"Istanbul University","ror":"https://ror.org/03a5qrr21","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67581229"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nesibe K\u00f6se","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Forest Botany , Faculty of Forestry , Istanbul University-Cerrahpa\u015fa 34473 , Bah\u00e7ek\u00f6y-Istanbul , T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Forest Botany , Faculty of Forestry , Istanbul University-Cerrahpa\u015fa 34473 , Bah\u00e7ek\u00f6y-Istanbul , T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112471","https://openalex.org/I67581229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024413389","display_name":"Taner Okan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7531-5662","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7531-5662"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112471","display_name":"Istanbul University-Cerrahpa\u015fa","ror":"https://ror.org/01dzn5f42","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112471"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67581229","display_name":"Istanbul University","ror":"https://ror.org/03a5qrr21","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67581229"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taner Okan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Forestry Economics , Faculty of Forestry , Istanbul University-Cerrahpa\u015fa 34473 , Bah\u00e7ek\u00f6y-Istanbul , T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Forestry Economics , Faculty of Forestry , Istanbul University-Cerrahpa\u015fa 34473 , Bah\u00e7ek\u00f6y-Istanbul , T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112471","https://openalex.org/I67581229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060258320","display_name":"Co\u015fkun K\u00f6se","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4626-2236","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4626-2236"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112471","display_name":"Istanbul University-Cerrahpa\u015fa","ror":"https://ror.org/01dzn5f42","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112471"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Coskun K\u00f6se","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Forest Biology and Wood Protection Technology , Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University-Cerrahpa\u015fa , 34473 , Bah\u00e7ek\u00f6y-Istanbul , T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Forest Biology and Wood Protection Technology , Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University-Cerrahpa\u015fa , 34473 , Bah\u00e7ek\u00f6y-Istanbul , T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112471"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075226096","display_name":"Bedirhan G\u00fcr\u00e7ay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6147-2007","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6147-2007"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67581229","display_name":"Istanbul University","ror":"https://ror.org/03a5qrr21","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67581229"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bedirhan G\u00fcr\u00e7ay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography , Istanbul University Istanbul , T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography , Istanbul University Istanbul , T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67581229"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"2","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13367","display_name":"Cultural and Sociopolitical Studies","score":0.6987000107765198,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13367","display_name":"Cultural and Sociopolitical Studies","score":0.6987000107765198,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13441","display_name":"Ottoman Empire History and Society","score":0.058800000697374344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13210","display_name":"Historical Turkish Studies","score":0.05779999867081642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tar-production","display_name":"tar production","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pitch","display_name":"pitch","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naphtha","display_name":"naphtha","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traditional-kilns","display_name":"traditional kilns","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mount-ida","display_name":"Mount Ida","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/western-anatolia","display_name":"Western Anatolia","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-sea-region","display_name":"Black Sea region","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-livelihoods","display_name":"rural livelihoods","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-heritage","display_name":"cultural heritage","score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainable-harvesting","display_name":"sustainable harvesting","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traditional-ecological-knowledge","display_name":"traditional ecological knowledge","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/denizli","display_name":"Denizli","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mersin","display_name":"Mersin","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antalya","display_name":"Antalya","score":0.9800000190734863}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5386000275611877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.47110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.3725999891757965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206139338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192355","display_name":"Raw material","level":2,"score":0.32739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528095902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2283886","display_name":"Pulp and paper industry","level":1,"score":0.31949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192643346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q283579","display_name":"tar (computing)","level":2,"score":0.3041999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.28690001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.24789999425411224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40149104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5620977","display_name":"Factory (object-oriented programming)","level":2,"score":0.23669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.22699999809265137}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.17306/j.afw.2025.2.11","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17306/j.afw.2025.2.11","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17306/j.afw.2025.2.11","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.17306/j.afw.2025.2.11","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306500520","display_name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Silvarum Colendarum Ratio et Industria Lignaria","issn_l":"1644-0722","issn":["1644-0722","2450-7997"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["norway-1","poland-20"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Silvarum Colendarum Ratio et Industria Lignaria","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.17306/j.afw.2025.2.11","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17306/j.afw.2025.2.11","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17306/j.afw.2025.2.11","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.17306/j.afw.2025.2.11","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306500520","display_name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Silvarum Colendarum Ratio et Industria Lignaria","issn_l":"1644-0722","issn":["1644-0722","2450-7997"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["norway-1","poland-20"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Silvarum Colendarum Ratio et Industria Lignaria","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","score":0.6000000238418579}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4417039362.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4417039362.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963926405","https://openalex.org/W1993276544","https://openalex.org/W2011687779","https://openalex.org/W2088887692","https://openalex.org/W2089205112","https://openalex.org/W2140434703","https://openalex.org/W2157968162","https://openalex.org/W2334604622","https://openalex.org/W2897584987","https://openalex.org/W2986953258","https://openalex.org/W2995406832","https://openalex.org/W2995961112","https://openalex.org/W3038072408","https://openalex.org/W3039737955","https://openalex.org/W3082547990","https://openalex.org/W4200613381","https://openalex.org/W4232896978","https://openalex.org/W4388631605","https://openalex.org/W4401646626","https://openalex.org/W4411486577"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4411486577","https://openalex.org/W3041046992","https://openalex.org/W7215043537","https://openalex.org/W3171297429","https://openalex.org/W7165275730","https://openalex.org/W2553518558","https://openalex.org/W4403739195","https://openalex.org/W4417039408","https://openalex.org/W2996015085","https://openalex.org/W3215157276"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"provides":[2],"a":[3,64,217,223],"historical,":[4],"geographical,":[5],"and":[6,13,38,49,58,76,81,86,107,123,126,152,164,169,185,203,222,236,243],"socio-cultural":[7],"analysis":[8],"of":[9,56,67,101,219,225],"tar":[10,175,214,238],"(katran)":[11],"production":[12,34,79,142,195],"use":[14],"in":[15,43,71,158,179,196],"T\u00fcrkiye,":[16],"tracing":[17],"its":[18,172,192],"development":[19,242],"from":[20],"antiquity":[21],"to":[22,32,96,149,190],"the":[23,39,50,98,135,146],"present.It":[24],"integrates":[25],"archival":[26,57],"sources":[27,109],"with":[28,141,182],"contemporary":[29,116],"field":[30],"data":[31],"identify":[33],"centres,":[35],"trade":[36],"routes,":[37],"cultural":[40,193,226,244],"meanings":[41,178],"embedded":[42],"tarrelated":[44],"toponyms":[45,87],"across":[46],"western":[47],"Anatolia":[48],"Black":[51],"Sea":[52],"region.A":[53],"systematic":[54],"review":[55],"academic":[59],"literature":[60],"was":[61],"complemented":[62],"by":[63],"qualitative":[65],"synthesis":[66],"tar-making":[68],"practices":[69],"documented":[70],"Denizli":[72],"(Ac\u0131payam),":[73],"Mersin":[74],"(\u00c7aml\u0131yayla),":[75],"Antalya":[77],"(Elmal\u0131).Historical":[78],"sites":[80],"transportation":[82],"routes":[83],"were":[84,94,113,118],"mapped,":[85],"containing":[88],"katran,":[89],"zift,":[90],"p\u00fcse,":[91],"or":[92],"bise":[93],"analysed":[95],"reveal":[97],"geographic":[99],"legacy":[100],"tar-making.Kiln":[102],"types":[103],"(stone-lined,":[104],"clay-plastered,":[105],"metal-burnished)":[106],"fuel":[108],"(pine,":[110],"cedar,":[111],"juniper)":[112],"recorded,":[114],"while":[115],"applications":[117],"classified":[119],"into":[120,240],"construction,":[121],"medicinal":[122],"veterinary":[124],"uses,":[125],"artisanal":[127],"industries.The":[128],"primary":[129],"tar-producing":[130],"areas":[131],"are":[132],"centred":[133],"around":[134],"Kaz":[136],"Da\u011flar\u0131":[137],"(Mount":[138],"Ida)":[139],"region,":[140],"expanding":[143],"significantly":[144],"during":[145],"Ottoman":[147],"period":[148],"support":[150],"naval":[151],"military":[153],"demands.Traditional":[154],"kilns":[155],"still":[156],"operate":[157],"rural":[159,220,241],"areas,":[160],"yielding":[161],"tar,":[162],"pitch,":[163],"naphtha":[165],"for":[166],"domestic":[167],"markets":[168],"limited":[170],"export.Beyond":[171],"economic":[173],"role,":[174],"holds":[176],"symbolic":[177],"folklore,":[180],"associated":[181],"both":[183,216],"healing":[184],"social":[186],"stigma,":[187],"that":[188],"continue":[189],"shape":[191],"resonance.Tar":[194],"T\u00fcrkiye":[197],"thus":[198],"embodies":[199],"dynamic":[200],"historical":[201],"networks":[202],"enduring":[204],"ecological":[205],"knowledge.Although":[206],"industrialisation":[207],"has":[208],"diminished":[209],"reliance":[210],"on":[211],"traditional":[212,234],"methods,":[213],"remains":[215],"source":[218],"livelihood":[221],"medium":[224],"heritage.Policy":[227],"implications":[228],"include":[229],"promoting":[230],"sustainable":[231],"harvesting,":[232],"safeguarding":[233],"expertise,":[235],"integrating":[237],"heritage":[239],"preservation":[245],"initiatives.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2025-12-05T00:00:00"}
