{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416821908","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3314/mmj.25-00015","title":"A Case of Chromoblastomycosis Caused by Knufia epidermidis Presenting as Multiple Dark Brown Papules in the Nasal Area","display_name":"A Case of Chromoblastomycosis Caused by Knufia epidermidis Presenting as Multiple Dark Brown Papules in the Nasal Area","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416821908","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3314/mmj.25-00015","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41320316"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3314/mmj.25-00015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3314/mmj.25-00015","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3314/mmj.25-00015","pdf_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/mmj/66/4/66_171/_pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210184986","display_name":"Medical Mycology Journal","issn_l":"2185-6486","issn":["2185-6486","2186-165X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","medline","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Mycology Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/mmj/66/4/66_171/_pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110983872","display_name":"Ryuta Akimoto","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158720","display_name":"Social Insurance Saitama Chuo Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04vqzd428","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132540","https://openalex.org/I4210158720"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405282892","display_name":"Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ma6wk53","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405282892"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8588240","display_name":"Saitama Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zb31v77","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8588240"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ryuta Akimoto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dermatology, Saitama Medical University, Saitama Medical Center"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology, Saitama Medical University, Saitama Medical Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158720","https://openalex.org/I4405282892","https://openalex.org/I8588240"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108432220","display_name":"Kaori Nakamura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6523-1537","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6523-1537"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158720","display_name":"Social Insurance Saitama Chuo Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04vqzd428","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132540","https://openalex.org/I4210158720"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405282892","display_name":"Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ma6wk53","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405282892"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8588240","display_name":"Saitama Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zb31v77","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8588240"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaori Nakamura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dermatology, Saitama Medical University, Saitama Medical Center"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology, Saitama Medical University, Saitama Medical Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158720","https://openalex.org/I4405282892","https://openalex.org/I8588240"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072097452","display_name":"Tomoo Fukuda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2773-9791","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2773-9791"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158720","display_name":"Social Insurance Saitama Chuo Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04vqzd428","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132540","https://openalex.org/I4210158720"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405282892","display_name":"Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ma6wk53","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405282892"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8588240","display_name":"Saitama Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zb31v77","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8588240"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomoo Fukuda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dermatology, Saitama Medical University, Saitama Medical Center"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology, Saitama Medical University, Saitama Medical Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158720","https://openalex.org/I4405282892","https://openalex.org/I8588240"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.38120755,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"66","issue":"4","first_page":"171","last_page":"175"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11037","display_name":"Fungal Infections and Studies","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11037","display_name":"Fungal Infections and Studies","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12317","display_name":"Actinomycetales infections and treatment","score":0.012500000186264515,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2726","display_name":"Microbiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11253","display_name":"Nail Diseases and Treatments","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chromomycosis","display_name":"chromoblastomycosis","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/itraconazole-therapy","display_name":"itraconazole therapy","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrence","display_name":"recurrence","score":0.5529999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/granulomatous-inflammation","display_name":"granulomatous inflammation","score":0.6449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/molecular-identification","display_name":"molecular identification","score":0.42399999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rare-fungal-pathogen","display_name":"rare fungal pathogen","score":0.6790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fungal-skin-infection","display_name":"fungal skin infection","score":0.5820000171661377}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781430460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2726043","display_name":"Chromoblastomycosis","level":2,"score":0.8737000226974487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16005928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171171","display_name":"Dermatology","level":1,"score":0.5935999751091003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5889999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778715236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55622662","display_name":"Discontinuation","level":2,"score":0.5871999859809875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777071850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411229","display_name":"Itraconazole","level":3,"score":0.5537999868392944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43100952","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q654612","display_name":"Histiocyte","level":2,"score":0.5407000184059143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775934546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179991","display_name":"Biopsy","level":2,"score":0.5360999703407288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778311950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7363","display_name":"Nose","level":2,"score":0.47119998931884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780439664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7535376","display_name":"Skin biopsy","level":3,"score":0.4659000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780174970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411740","display_name":"Histiocytosis","level":3,"score":0.4162999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.3783000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020434087","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835718","display_name":"Opportunistic pathogen","level":4,"score":0.32010000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777624698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q505531","display_name":"Dermis","level":2,"score":0.30550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779179668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193408","display_name":"Pigmentation disorder","level":2,"score":0.28040000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910312965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2673594","display_name":"Nose diseases","level":3,"score":0.2721000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779548794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q578726","display_name":"Antifungal","level":2,"score":0.2676999866962433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777458120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422273","display_name":"Clindamycin","level":3,"score":0.2621000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.25429999828338623}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000935","descriptor_name":"Antifungal Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000935","descriptor_name":"Antifungal Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000935","descriptor_name":"Antifungal Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000935","descriptor_name":"Antifungal Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001203","descriptor_name":"Ascomycota","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001203","descriptor_name":"Ascomycota","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001706","descriptor_name":"Biopsy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001706","descriptor_name":"Biopsy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002862","descriptor_name":"Chromoblastomycosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002862","descriptor_name":"Chromoblastomycosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002862","descriptor_name":"Chromoblastomycosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002862","descriptor_name":"Chromoblastomycosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002862","descriptor_name":"Chromoblastomycosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002862","descriptor_name":"Chromoblastomycosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002862","descriptor_name":"Chromoblastomycosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002862","descriptor_name":"Chromoblastomycosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009666","descriptor_name":"Nose","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009666","descriptor_name":"Nose","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009666","descriptor_name":"Nose","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009666","descriptor_name":"Nose","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016896","descriptor_name":"Treatment Outcome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016896","descriptor_name":"Treatment Outcome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017964","descriptor_name":"Itraconazole","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017964","descriptor_name":"Itraconazole","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017964","descriptor_name":"Itraconazole","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017964","descriptor_name":"Itraconazole","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3314/mmj.25-00015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3314/mmj.25-00015","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3314/mmj.25-00015","pdf_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/mmj/66/4/66_171/_pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210184986","display_name":"Medical Mycology Journal","issn_l":"2185-6486","issn":["2185-6486","2186-165X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","medline","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Mycology Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41320316","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41320316","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical mycology journal","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3314/mmj.25-00015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3314/mmj.25-00015","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3314/mmj.25-00015","pdf_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/mmj/66/4/66_171/_pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210184986","display_name":"Medical Mycology Journal","issn_l":"2185-6486","issn":["2185-6486","2186-165X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","medline","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Mycology Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Case Report","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/case-report"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416821908.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416821908.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973150652","https://openalex.org/W1992503130","https://openalex.org/W2041150590","https://openalex.org/W2068422252","https://openalex.org/W2095544302","https://openalex.org/W2097172526","https://openalex.org/W2559036145","https://openalex.org/W2886493032","https://openalex.org/W2952446967","https://openalex.org/W3088453595","https://openalex.org/W4389683177","https://openalex.org/W4391401542","https://openalex.org/W4401339056"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,50],"Japanese":[1],"man":[2],"in":[3,61,169],"his":[4,23],"70s":[5],"presented":[6],"with":[7,34,104],"multiple":[8,120],"blackish-brown":[9],"papules":[10,121,135,152],"on":[11,96,122,158],"the":[12,62,72,80,90,102,119,123,128,134,150,188,198],"nasal":[13,124],"wing":[14],"region,":[15],"which":[16],"had":[17,153],"appeared":[18],"3":[19],"months":[20,138],"prior":[21],"to":[22,107,185,195],"initial":[24],"visit.":[25],"He":[26],"was":[27,53,130,144],"initially":[28],"treated":[29],"at":[30,162],"a":[31,167],"local":[32],"clinic":[33],"clindamycin":[35],"phosphate":[36],"gel,":[37],"but":[38],"showed":[39,79],"poor":[40],"improvement.":[41],"Subsequently,":[42],"he":[43],"visited":[44],"our":[45],"hospital":[46],"for":[47,116],"further":[48],"evaluation.":[49],"skin":[51],"biopsy":[52,77],"performed,":[54],"granulomas":[55],"consisting":[56],"of":[57,76,82,141,171,187,200],"histiocytes":[58],"were":[59,68],"observed":[60,69],"tissue,":[63],"and":[64,127,146,176],"spore-like":[65],"brown":[66],"cells":[67],"sporadically":[70],"within":[71,147],"granulomas.":[73],"Fungal":[74],"culture":[75],"tissue":[78],"development":[81],"black":[83],"villiform":[84],"colonies.":[85],"Molecular":[86],"biological":[87,192],"identification":[88],"confirmed":[89],"pathogen":[91],"as":[92],"Knufia":[93],"epidermidis.":[94],"Based":[95],"these":[97],"findings,":[98],"we":[99],"thought":[100],"it":[101,182],"patient":[103,156],"chromoblastomycosis":[105],"due":[106],"K.":[108],"epidermidis.He":[109],"received":[110],"200":[111],"mg/day":[112],"itraconazole":[113],"(ITCZ)":[114],"orally":[115],"6":[117],"months,":[118],"region":[125],"resolved,":[126],"condition":[129],"considered":[131],"cured.":[132],"However,":[133],"recurred":[136],"2":[137],"after":[139],"discontinuation":[140],"ITCZ.":[142],"ITCZ":[143,160],"restarted,":[145],"1":[148],"month,":[149],"recurrent":[151],"flattened.":[154],"The":[155],"remains":[157],"continuous":[159],"therapy":[161],"present.Recent":[163],"years":[164],"have":[165],"seen":[166],"rise":[168],"reports":[170],"chromomycosis":[172],"caused":[173],"by":[174,190],"rare":[175],"unrecognized":[177],"pathogens.":[178,202],"When":[179],"diagnosing":[180],"chromomycosis,":[181],"is":[183],"necessary":[184],"identify":[186],"species":[189],"molecular":[191],"methods":[193],"actively":[194],"avoid":[196],"overlooking":[197],"diversity":[199],"causative":[201]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-09T09:14:12.587421","created_date":"2025-11-29T00:00:00"}
